{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T21:03:20Z","timestamp":1789333400674,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R44EY025452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R44EY025452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014440","name":"Gobierno de Espa\u00f1a Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["TED2021-131541A-I00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TED2021-131541A-I00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.es","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Optometry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:23:26Z","timestamp":1789122206000},"page":"100631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of fogging lenses on accommodation using an open-view portable wavefront autorefractor"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9100-9926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Bargall\u00f3","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gonzalo","family":"Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Egido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0899-7274","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Ortega-Julia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2881-704X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Fondevila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9307-1550","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alec","family":"Wehse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7763-0054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"Casares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alfonso","family":"de Lara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9568-4289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shivang R.","family":"Dave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daryl","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0011-2451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo","family":"Lage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198711000-00001","article-title":"Tonic accommodation, accommodative hysteresis, and refractive error","volume":"64","author":"Fisher","year":"1987","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12254","article-title":"Clinical evaluation of the Shin-Nippon SRW-5000 autorefractor in adults: an update","volume":"35","author":"Mallen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278269","article-title":"Effect of six different autorefractor designs on the precision and accuracy of refractive error measurement","volume":"17","author":"Venkataraman","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12642","article-title":"Cycloplegic refraction is the gold standard for epidemiological studies","volume":"93","author":"Morgan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e458","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12388","article-title":"What is the appropriate age cut-off for cycloplegia in refraction?","volume":"92","author":"Sanfilippo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfma.2020.04.009","article-title":"Comparison of open-field autorefraction, closed-field autorefraction, and retinoscopy for refractive measurements of children and adolescents in Taiwan","volume":"119","author":"Kuo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Formos Med Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8580471","article-title":"Comparison of two wavefront autorefractors: binocular open-field versus monocular closed-field","volume":"2020","author":"Carracedo","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.optom.2020.06.007","article-title":"Open versus closed view autorefraction in young adults","volume":"14","author":"Nagra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Optom"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.1998.00389.x","article-title":"Could a cycloplegic agent be replaced by a fogging or a corrective lens in the biometric measurement of the crystalline lens?","volume":"18","author":"Kee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2008.00579.x","article-title":"Influence of fogging lenses and cycloplegia on open-field automatic refraction","volume":"28","author":"Queir\u00f3s","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1734","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e318277182c","article-title":"Refraction in children: a comparison of two methods of accommodation control","volume":"89","author":"Hopkins","year":"2012","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1080\/09500340600855346","article-title":"Cycloplegic refraction and non-cycloplegic refraction using contralateral fogging: a comparative study","volume":"54","author":"Yeotikar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mod Opt"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5488","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.486442","article-title":"Influence of power and the time of application of fogging lenses on accommodation","volume":"14","author":"Turull-Mallofr\u00e9","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198710000-00008","article-title":"An objective assessment of the effect of fogging on accommodation","volume":"64","author":"Ward","year":"1987","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13263","article-title":"Ametropia detection using a novel, compact wavefront autorefractor","volume":"44","author":"Hern\u00e1ndez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt J Br Coll Ophthalmic Opt Optom"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3928\/01913913-20241105-03","article-title":"Evaluation of the PlenOptika QuickSee free portable autorefractor in schools in the Gambia","volume":"62","author":"Loayza","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2017.08.009","article-title":"Global and regional estimates of prevalence of refractive errors: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"30","author":"Hashemi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Curr Ophthalmol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.1997.tb04707.x","article-title":"Power vectors: an application of fourier analysis to the description and statistical analysis of refractive error","volume":"74","author":"Thibos","year":"1997","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.1990.tb00972.x","article-title":"Topology of the near response triad","volume":"10","author":"Myers","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3282","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.420334","article-title":"Binocular dynamics of accommodation, convergence, and pupil size in myopes","volume":"12","author":"Ghoushchi","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biomed Opt Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13557","article-title":"The QuickSee autorefractor reliably measures the accommodative response in children compared with the Shin-Nippon autorefractor","volume":"45","author":"Fulton","year":"2025","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.13301","article-title":"Detection of significant vision conditions in children using QuickSee wavefront autorefractor","volume":"44","author":"Bui","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt J Br Coll Ophthalmic Opt Optom"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"726","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0000000000001427","article-title":"Validation of an affordable handheld wavefront autorefractor","volume":"96","author":"Rubio","year":"2019","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2021.05.030","article-title":"Investigation of the accuracy of a low-cost, portable autorefractor to provide well-tolerated eyeglass prescriptions: a randomized crossover trial","volume":"128","author":"Joseph","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1167\/5.5.7","article-title":"The effect of ocular aberrations on steady-state errors of accommodative response","volume":"5","author":"Plainis","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Vis"}],"container-title":["Journal of Optometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1888429626000257?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1888429626000257?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T20:05:20Z","timestamp":1789329920000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1888429626000257"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S1888429626000257"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631","relation":{},"ISSN":["1888-4296"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1888-4296","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Effect of fogging lenses on accommodation using an open-view portable wavefront autorefractor","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Optometry","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.optom.2026.100631","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Espa\u00f1a, S.L.U. on behalf of Spanish General Council of Optometry.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100631"}}