{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:07:12Z","timestamp":1789589232266,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001003","name":"Boehringer Ingelheim","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001003","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016957","name":"Mirati Therapeutics","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001818","name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001818","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018731","name":"Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["US62\/514"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["US62\/514"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018731","name":"Jiangsu Hengrui Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["US62\/685,057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["US62\/685,057"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002491","name":"Bristol-Myers Squibb","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002491","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002973","name":"Daiichi-Sankyo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002973","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004312","name":"Eli Lilly and Company","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010544","name":"Exelixis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010544","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000054","name":"National Cancer Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 CA008748"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 CA008748"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000054","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015340","name":"Bayer Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015340","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004330","name":"GlaxoSmithKline","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004330","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004336","name":"Novartis","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004336","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008897","name":"Janssen Pharmaceuticals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008897","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004325","name":"AstraZeneca","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004325","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Retina"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,5]],"date-time":"2021-06-05T11:58:01Z","timestamp":1622894281000},"page":"1187-1195","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Clinical and Morphologic Characteristics of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Retinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jasmine H.","family":"Francis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Canestraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7867-2817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dianna","family":"Haggag-Lindgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"Harding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eli L.","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Drilon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bob T.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gopa","family":"Iyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alison M.","family":"Schram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David H.","family":"Abramson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-8722-6-27","article-title":"MEK and the inhibitors: from bench to bedside","volume":"6","author":"Akinleye","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hematol Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11060-013-1166-7","article-title":"A\u00a0molecular biology and phase II trial of lapatinib in children with refractory CNS malignancies: a pediatric brain tumor consortium study","volume":"114","author":"Fouladi","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurooncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1080\/14656566.2017.1299710","article-title":"Can binimetinib, encorafenib and masitinib be more efficacious than currently available mutation-based targeted therapies for melanoma treatment?","volume":"18","author":"Turner","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Opin Pharmacother"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(17)30180-8","article-title":"Binimetinib versus dacarbazine in patients with advanced NRAS-mutant melanoma (NEMO): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial","volume":"18","author":"Dummer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1007\/s13318-018-0465-y","article-title":"Prediction of human pharmacokinetics of ulixertinib, a novel ERK1\/2 inhibitor from mice, rats, and dogs pharmacokinetics","volume":"43","author":"Suresh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-17-1119","article-title":"First-in-class ERK1\/2 inhibitor ulixertinib (BVD-523) in patients with MAPK mutant advanced solid tumors: results of a phase I dose-escalation and expansion study","volume":"8","author":"Sullivan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2016.06.018","article-title":"MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy (MEKAR) in metastatic melanoma: long-term ophthalmic effects","volume":"65","author":"Urner-Bloch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdu169","article-title":"Transient MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy in metastatic melanoma","volume":"25","author":"Urner-Bloch","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.82","article-title":"MEK inhibitors: a new class of chemotherapeutic agents with ocular toxicity","volume":"29","author":"Duncan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2014.976","article-title":"Bilateral subfoveal neurosensory retinal detachment associated with MEK inhibitor use for metastatic cancer","volume":"132","author":"McCannel","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2016.0090","article-title":"Subretinal fluid associated with MEK inhibitor use in the treatment of systemic cancer","volume":"134","author":"Weber","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib12","first-page":"673796","article-title":"Bilateral multifocal central serous-like chorioretinopathy due to MEK inhibition for metastatic cutaneous melanoma","volume":"2013","author":"Schoenberger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Case Rep Ophthalmol Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.07.035","article-title":"Ocular toxicity in metastatic melanoma patients treated with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors: a case series","volume":"160","author":"Niro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1002","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2020.2716","article-title":"A\u00a0case of extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor-associated retinopathy","volume":"138","author":"Sioufi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1788","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.05.038","article-title":"Clinical and morphologic characteristics of MEK inhibitor-associated retinopathy: differences from central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"124","author":"Francis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3457","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003457","article-title":"Loss of MAPK pathway activation in post-mitotic retinal cells as mechanism in MEK inhibition-related retinopathy in cancer patients","volume":"95","author":"van Dijk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2017.07.020","article-title":"Idiopathic acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy: clinical spectrum and multimodal imaging characteristics","volume":"125","author":"Barbazetto","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Retina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468653021001779?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468653021001779?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T09:29:41Z","timestamp":1762853381000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468653021001779"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S2468653021001779"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-6530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-6530","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Clinical and Morphologic Characteristics of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Inhibitor-Associated Retinopathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Retina","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oret.2021.06.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 by the American Academy of Ophthalmology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}