{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T12:27:07Z","timestamp":1792153627025,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696982400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PA 4282\/1-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PA 4282\/1-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmology Retina"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T11:57:44Z","timestamp":1697198264000},"page":"254-263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Choroidal Vascular Changes on Ultrawidefield Indocyanine Green Angiography in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Laurenz J.B.","family":"Pauleikhoff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roselie M.H.","family":"Diederen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0460-7515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Chang-Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9313-8345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette C.","family":"Moll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinier O.","family":"Schlingemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6351-7942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elon H.C.","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camiel J.F.","family":"Boon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1007\/s00347-021-01376-7","article-title":"[Central serous chorioretinopathy]","volume":"118","author":"Pauleikhoff","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmologe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2019.07.003","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy: towards an evidence-based treatment guideline","volume":"73","author":"van Rijssen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.15112","article-title":"Choroidal arteriovenous anastomoses: a hypothesis for the pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy and other pachychoroid disease spectrum abnormalities","volume":"100","author":"Brinks","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100973","article-title":"Venous overload choroidopathy: A hypothetical framework for central serous chorioretinopathy and allied disorders","author":"Spaide","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0158-4","article-title":"Pachychoroid disease","volume":"33","author":"Cheung","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye (Lond Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00133176","article-title":"Indocyanine green angiographic findings in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"19","author":"Pr\u00fcnte","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)70531-8","article-title":"Choroidal capillary and venous congestion in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"121","author":"Pr\u00fcnte","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2022.10.001","article-title":"En face ultrawidefield OCT of the vortex vein system in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"7","author":"Ramtohul","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1977","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002294","article-title":"Association between choroidal caverns and choroidal vascular hyperpermeability in eyes with pachychoroid diseases","volume":"38","author":"Sakurada","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3405","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-022-05687-6","article-title":"A\u00a0new insight into pachychoroid diseases: remodeling of choroidal vasculature","volume":"260","author":"Kishi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2017.05.013","article-title":"Dilatation of asymmetric vortex vein in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"2","author":"Hiroe","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.03.024","article-title":"Vortex vein anastomosis at the watershed in pachychoroid spectrum diseases","volume":"4","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003004","article-title":"Intervortex venous anastomosis in pachychoroid-related disorders","volume":"41","author":"Spaide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib14","first-page":"2088","article-title":"Intervortex venous anastomosis in the macula in central serous chorioretinopathy imaged by en face optical coherence tomography","volume":"12","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Vigo","year":"2023","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.04.021","article-title":"Ultra-widefield imaging with autofluorescence and indocyanine green angiography in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"158","author":"Pang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2019.08.002","article-title":"The pachychoroid disease spectrum\u2014and the need for a uniform classification system","volume":"3","author":"Siedlecki","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182953df4","article-title":"Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy","volume":"33","author":"Warrow","year":"2013","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000331","article-title":"Pachychoroid neovasculopathy","volume":"35","author":"Pang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13114","article-title":"Understanding aneurysmal type 1 neovascularization (polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy): a lesson in the taxonomy of \u201cexpanded spectra\u201d\u2014a review","volume":"46","author":"Dansingani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Experiment Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001907","article-title":"Peripapillary pachychoroid syndrome","volume":"38","author":"Phasukkijwatana","year":"2018","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-013-2543-9","article-title":"Evanescent vaso-occlusive choroidal pseudo-tumor with acute painful onset: a presumed vortex vein occlusion","volume":"252","author":"Mantel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1111\/ceo.13732","article-title":"Subretinal fluid and choroidal venous congestion secondary to a presumed dural cavernous sinus fistula","volume":"48","author":"Fuzzard","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1186\/s40942-023-00443-2","article-title":"Pathomechanisms in central serous chorioretinopathy: a recent update","volume":"9","author":"Zarnegar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Retina Vitreous"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S160956","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and long-term visual outcome of severe phenotypes of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"12","author":"Mohabati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002683","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and outcome of posterior cystoid macular degeneration in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"40","author":"Mohabati","year":"2020","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S174573","article-title":"Clinical spectrum of severe chronic central serous chorioretinopathy and outcome of photodynamic therapy","volume":"12","author":"Mohabati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.03.025","article-title":"Focal and diffuse chronic central serous chorioretinopathy treated with half-dose photodynamic therapy or subthreshold micropulse laser: PLACE trial report No. 3","volume":"205","author":"van Rijssen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/opo.12131","article-title":"When to use the Bonferroni correction","volume":"34","author":"Armstrong","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Physiol Opt"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.1.17","article-title":"Ultra-widefield indocyanine green angiography reveals patterns of choroidal venous insufficiency influencing pachychoroid disease","volume":"63","author":"Bacci","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oret.2020.07.011","article-title":"Scleral thickness in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"5","author":"Imanaga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ophthalmol Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(99)00425-0","article-title":"Remodeling of choroidal venous drainage after vortex vein occlusion following scleral buckling for retinal detachment","volume":"129","author":"Takahashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0274137","article-title":"Vortex vein congestion in the monkey eye: A possible animal model of pachychoroid","volume":"17","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246115","article-title":"Choroidal congestion mouse model: could it serve as a pachychoroid model?","volume":"16","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100955","article-title":"Serous business: delineating the broad spectrum of diseases with subretinal fluid in the macula","volume":"84","author":"van Dijk","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prog Retin Eye Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2175","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-021-05130-2","article-title":"Variation of vortex veins at the horizontal watershed in normal eyes","volume":"259","author":"Hoshino","year":"2021","journal-title":"Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000003057","article-title":"The ambiguity of pachychoroid","volume":"41","author":"Spaide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4383","article-title":"Choroidal thickness in healthy Japanese subjects","volume":"51","author":"Ikuno","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000002988","article-title":"Choriocapillaris vascular parameters in normal eyes and those with pachychoroid with and without disease","volume":"41","author":"Spaide","year":"2021","journal-title":"Retina"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s40662-023-00349-y","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy: updates in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapeutic strategies","volume":"10","author":"Zhang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eye Vis (Lond)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2018.3190","article-title":"Role of the complement system in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a genome-wide association study","volume":"136","author":"Schellevis","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.11.020","article-title":"Common variants in the complement factor H gene confer genetic susceptibility to central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"121","author":"Miki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmology Retina"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468653023004992?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2468653023004992?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T09:32:50Z","timestamp":1762853570000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2468653023004992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S2468653023004992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["2468-6530"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2468-6530","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Choroidal Vascular Changes on Ultrawidefield Indocyanine Green Angiography in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Ophthalmology Retina","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.oret.2023.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Academy of Ophthalmology","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}