{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T13:22:55Z","timestamp":1771852975249,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["International Orthodontics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T07:54:45Z","timestamp":1759996485000},"page":"101063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of differential and conventional rapid maxillary expansion on upper airway dimensions in children with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate: A CBCT-based secondary analysis of a clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Caffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Garib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1798-2728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolina","family":"Faber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5536-2285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre","family":"Meireles Borba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luiz","family":"Volpato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"de C\u00e1ssia Moura Carvalho Lauris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Araci","family":"Malagodi de Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1006-3809","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Guerra Lund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1177\/1055665619875321","article-title":"Comparison of positive screening for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with and without cleft lip and palate","volume":"57","author":"Gorucu-Coskuner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-77572012000200024","article-title":"Rehabilitative treatment of cleft lip and palate: experience of the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies\u00a0\u2013\u00a0USP (HRAC-USP)\u00a0\u2013\u00a0Part 2: pediatric dentistry and orthodontics","volume":"20","author":"Freitas","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1475","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.25543","article-title":"Volumetric nasal cavity analysis in children with unilateral and bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"126","author":"Farzal","year":"2016","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0270","first-page":"46","article-title":"The relationship between nasal airway size and nasal-oral breathing in cleft lip and palate","volume":"27","author":"Warren","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1988.01860210053014","article-title":"Effects of cleft lip and palate on the nasal airway in children","volume":"114","author":"Warren","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0280","first-page":"134","article-title":"Nasal pathway resistance in normal and cleft lip and palate subjects","volume":"6","author":"Warren","year":"1969","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0285","first-page":"463","article-title":"Volumetric upper airway changes after rapid maxillary expansion: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"39","author":"Buck","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0290","first-page":"617","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion and upper airway volume: systematic review and meta-analysis on the role of rapid maxillary expansion in mouth breathing","volume":"15","author":"Balasubramanian","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.2500\/ajra.2010.24.3440","article-title":"Long-term effects of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal area and nasal airway resistance","volume":"24","author":"Matsumoto","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2023.111633","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion and its consequences on the nasal and oropharyngeal anatomy and breathing function of children and adolescents: an umbrella review","volume":"171","author":"Garrocho-Rangel","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.12.019","article-title":"Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on the dimension of the nasal cavity and on nasal air resistance","volume":"70","author":"Enoki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0310","first-page":"1","article-title":"Upper airway changes after rapid maxillary expansion: three-dimensional analyses","volume":"23","author":"Juli\u00e1n-L\u00f3pez","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(87)90258-7","article-title":"The effect of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal airway resistance","volume":"92","author":"Hartgerink","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2006.10.034","article-title":"Relationship between rapid maxillary expansion and nasal cavity size and airway resistance: short- and long-term effects","volume":"134","author":"Felippe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2011.02.019","article-title":"Does rapid maxillary expansion have long-term effects on airway dimensions and breathing?","volume":"140","author":"Baratieri","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.08.011","article-title":"Cone beam CT evaluation of skeletal and nasomaxillary complex volume changes after rapid maxillary expansion in OSA children","volume":"86","author":"Pirelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2022.101733","article-title":"The role of rapid maxillary expansion in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea: efficacy, mechanism and multidisciplinary collaboration","volume":"67","author":"Xie","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sleep Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40510-015-0105-x","article-title":"The role of rapid maxillary expansion in the promotion of oral and general health","volume":"16","author":"McNamara","year":"2015","journal-title":"Prog Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2012.08.021","article-title":"Craniofacial and upper airway morphology in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"143","author":"Katyal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"860","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2013.08.015","article-title":"Craniofacial and upper airway morphology in pediatric sleep-disordered breathing and changes in quality of life with rapid maxillary expansion","volume":"144","author":"Katyal","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0355","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion on the nasal cavity using Haas-type and Hyrax-type expanders in CBCT","volume":"1","author":"Moreira","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med Clin Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1597\/14-244","article-title":"Rapid maxillary expansion increases internal nasal dimensions of children with bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"53","author":"Trindade-Suedam","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.2319\/032015-174.1","article-title":"Upper airway assessment using four different maxillary expanders in cleft patients: a cone-beam computed tomography study","volume":"86","author":"Mordente","year":"2016","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-016-1943-8","article-title":"Slow versus rapid maxillary expansion in bilateral cleft lip and palate: a CBCT randomized clinical trial","volume":"21","author":"Almeida","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0375","first-page":"762","article-title":"Effect of maxillary expansion on the maxillary arch width in patients with bilateral cleft palate: a review","volume":"10","author":"Alkadhi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Children (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.2319\/090719-583.1","article-title":"Three-dimensional nasal septum and maxillary changes following rapid maxillary expansion in patients with cleft lip and palate","volume":"90","author":"Veloso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1837","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-015-1675-1","article-title":"Analysis of the dentoalveolar effects of slow and rapid maxillary expansion in complete bilateral cleft lip and palate patients: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"20","author":"Alves","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1590\/2176-9451.19.2.039-045.oar","article-title":"Transverse effect of Haas and Hyrax appliances on the upper dental arch in patients with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate: a comparative study","volume":"19","author":"Fa\u00e7anha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dental Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.2319\/020219-74.1","article-title":"Dental arch size and shape after maxillary expansion in bilateral complete cleft palate: a comparison of three expander designs","volume":"90","author":"Pugliese","year":"2020","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197212000-00008","article-title":"Growth and spatial changes in the arch form in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients","volume":"50","author":"Harding","year":"1972","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9416(71)90179-5","article-title":"Changes in arch form and dimensions of cleft patients","volume":"60","author":"Mazaheri","year":"1971","journal-title":"Am J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569_1997_034_0021_mamdad_2.3.co_2","article-title":"Maxillary and mandibular dental-arch dimensions and occlusion in bilateral cleft lip and palate patients form 3 to 17 years of age","volume":"34","author":"Heidbuchel","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1016\/S1010-5182(98)80003-6","article-title":"Effects of early treatment on maxillary arch development in BCLP. A study on dental casts between 0 and 4 years of age","volume":"26","author":"Heidbuchel","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1053\/od.1998.v114.a86380","article-title":"Upper dental arch morphology of adult unoperated complete bilateral cleft lip and palate","volume":"114","author":"Silva Filho","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0425","first-page":"430","article-title":"A rapid maxillary expander with differential opening","volume":"48","author":"Garib","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2016.05.006","article-title":"Dentoskeletal outcomes of a rapid maxillary expander with differential opening in patients with bilateral cleft lip and palate: a prospective clinical trial","volume":"150","author":"Garib","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2013.03.007","article-title":"Three-dimensional cone beam computed tomography definition of the anatomical subregions of the upper airway: a validation study","volume":"42","author":"Guijarro-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1597\/15-124","article-title":"Tomographic pharyngeal dimensions in individuals with unilateral cleft lip\/palate and class III malocclusion are reduced when compared with controls","volume":"54","author":"Trindade-Suedam","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cleft Palate Craniofac J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.2319\/122407-599.1","article-title":"Linear accuracy of cone beam CT derived 3D images","volume":"79","author":"Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.2319\/030411-157.1","article-title":"Upper airway expansion after rapid maxillary expansion evaluated with cone beam computed tomography","volume":"82","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0455","first-page":"381","volume":"54","author":"Premaraj","year":"2018","journal-title":"Craniofacial Growth Series"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0460","series-title":"The design and analysis of clinical experiments","author":"Fleiss","year":"1986"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181cf5f5f","article-title":"Effects of orthopedic rapid maxillary expansion on internal nasal dimensions in children with cleft lip and palate assessed by acoustic rhinometry","volume":"21","author":"Trindade","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0470","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2008.06.004","article-title":"Skeletal effects to the maxilla after rapid maxillary expansion assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"134","author":"Garrett","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1590\/2177-6709.25.3.039-045.oar","article-title":"Effect of rapid maxillary expansion on nasal cavity assessed with cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Caldas","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dental Press J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0480","first-page":"200","article-title":"The treatment of maxillary deficiency by opening the midpalatal suture","volume":"35","author":"Haas","year":"1965","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0485","first-page":"489","article-title":"Reliability of upper pharyngeal airway assessment using dental CBCT: a systematic review","volume":"39","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2011.06.017","article-title":"Cone-beam computerized tomography imaging and analysis of the upper airway: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"40","author":"Guijarro-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2018.07.024","article-title":"Cone-beam computed tomography airway measurements: can we trust them?","volume":"156","author":"Obelenis Ryan","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/cjy058","article-title":"Reliability of upper airway assessment using CBCT","volume":"41","author":"Zimmerman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"}],"container-title":["International Orthodontics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1761722725000981?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1761722725000981?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,23]],"date-time":"2026-02-23T12:31:39Z","timestamp":1771849899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1761722725000981"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S1761722725000981"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063","relation":{},"ISSN":["1761-7227"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1761-7227","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Comparison of differential and conventional rapid maxillary expansion on upper airway dimensions in children with bilateral complete cleft lip and palate: A CBCT-based secondary analysis of a clinical trial","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"International Orthodontics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ortho.2025.101063","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 CEO. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"101063"}}