{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T00:04:25Z","timestamp":1792713865917,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":671,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Salter's type III and type IV growth plate injuries often induce bone bridge formation at the injury site. To understand the cellular mechanisms, this study characterized proximal tibial transphyseal injury in rats. Histologically, bony bridge trabeculae appeared on day 7, increased on day 10, and became well\u2010constructed on day 14 with marrow. Prior to and during bone bridging, there was no cartilage proteoglycan metachromatic staining and no collagen\u2010X immunostaining at the injury site, nor was there any up\u2010regulation of BrdU\u2010labelled chondrocyte proliferation at the adjacent physeal cartilage, suggesting no new cartilage formation at the injury site. However, infiltration of vimentin\u2010immunopositive mesenchymal cells from metaphysis and epiphysis was apparent on day 3, with the mesenchymal population being prominent on days 7 and 10 and subsided on day 14. Among these infiltrates were osteoprogenitor precursors expressing osteoblast differentiation factor (cbf\u2010\u03b11) on day 3, along with some cbf\u2010\u03b11\u00b0 osteoblast\u2010like cells lining bone trabeculae on days 7 and 10. Some mesenchymal cells and trabecula\u2010lining cells were also alkaline phosphatase\u2010immunopositive, further suggesting their osteoblast differentiation. From day 7 onwards, some trabecula\u2010lining cells became osteocalcin\u2010producing mature osteoblasts. These results suggest that bone bridge formation after growth plate injury occurs directly via intramembranous ossification through recruitment of marrow\u2010derived osteoprogenitor cells. \u00a9 2003 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2003.08.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,10,9]],"date-time":"2003-10-09T04:37:07Z","timestamp":1065674227000},"page":"417-426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":96,"title":["Intramembranous ossification mechanism for bone bridge formation at the growth plate cartilage injury site"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Cory J.","family":"Xian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fiona H.","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa C.","family":"McCarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruce K.","family":"Foster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-198109000-00022","article-title":"Evolution of the concept of an extensible nail accommodating to normal longitudinal bone growth","volume":"159","author":"Bailey RW","year":"1981","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195941060-00006","article-title":"Epiphyseal fractures: a microscopic study of the healing process in rats","volume":"41","author":"Brashear HR","year":"1959","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199173060-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bies.950060406"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199609000-00022"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(99)00142-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195638010-00008","article-title":"A study of experimental trauma to the distal femoral epiphysis in rabbits","volume":"38","author":"Ford LT","year":"1956","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg [Am]"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","volume-title":"Paediatric orthopaedics and fractures","author":"Foster BK","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-199403000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(96)00222-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"286","article-title":"Traumatic separation of epiphyses. 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