{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T14:16:50Z","timestamp":1791901010929,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,1]],"date-time":"2006-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":184,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal Orthopaedic Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Disorders of the rotator cuff, particularly tears of the rotator cuff tendons, cause significant shoulder disability. Among numerous factors thought to be responsible for the initiation and progression of supraspinatus tears are those related to the tendon's biomechanical properties. We hypothesized that in supraspinatus tendons subjected to tensile loading a strain gradient (difference) exists between the articular and bursal tendon surfaces, that regional strain differences exist on each of these two tendon surfaces, and that tendon surface strains vary with glenohumeral abduction. To test these hypotheses, the intrinsic inhomogeneous deformational characteristics of the articular and bursal surfaces of eight intact human cadaveric supraspinatus tendons were studied at three glenohumeral abduction angles using a novel multiple strain measuring system which simultaneously recorded surface marker displacements on two opposing soft tissue surfaces. Under applied tensile loads, the articular surface exhibited greater strain at 22\u00b0 (7.4 \u00b1 2.6% vs. 1.3 \u00b1 0.7%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0002) and 63\u00b0 (6.4 \u00b1 1.6% vs. 2.7 \u00b1 1.2%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.0001) whereas the bursal surface exhibited greater strain at 90\u00b0 (7.6 \u00b1 2.8% vs. 4.9 \u00b1 0.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = 0.013). At all abduction angles, insertion strains were higher than those of the mid\u2010tendon and tendon\u2013muscle junction regions. The existence of inhomogeneous surface strains in the intact supraspinatus tendon demonstrates that intratendinous shear occurs within the tendon. The higher strain on the articular side of the tendon, especially at the insertion region, suggests a propensity for tears to initiate in the articular tendinous zone. \u00a9 2004 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orthres.2004.02.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,27]],"date-time":"2005-01-27T12:53:17Z","timestamp":1106830397000},"page":"924-930","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":101,"title":["Inhomogeneous mechanical behavior of the human supraspinatus tendon under uniaxial loading"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Chun\u2010Yuh","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent M.","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Pawluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John S.","family":"Bucchieri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William N.","family":"Levine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis U.","family":"Bigliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Van C.","family":"Mow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan L.","family":"Flatow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0749-8063(85)80041-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(91)90340-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(01)00177-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/036354659202000203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199274050-00010","article-title":"Tendon, ligament, and capsule of the rotator cuff: gross and microscopic anatomy","volume":"74","author":"Clark JM","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","volume-title":"The shoulder: rupture of the supraspinatus tendon and other lesions in or about the subacromial bursa","author":"Codman EA","year":"1934"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198567060-00024","article-title":"Current concepts review: rotator cuff disease of the shoulder","volume":"67","author":"Cofield RH","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9290(94)90281-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-196648080-00004","article-title":"Abduction of the arm in the scapular plane: scapular and glenohumeral movements. A roentgenographic study","volume":"48","author":"Freedman L","year":"1966","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199407000-00011","article-title":"Pathology and pathogenesis of the intratendinous tearing of the rotator cuff viewed from in bloc histologic sections","volume":"304","author":"Fukuda H","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002640050075"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"151","article-title":"Introduction to overuse injuries","volume":"8","author":"Herring SA","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"251","article-title":"Temperature\u2010dependent viscoelastic properties of the supraspinatus tendon","volume":"39","author":"Huang C\u2010Y","year":"1998","journal-title":"ASME Adv Bioeng, BED"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","unstructured":"HuangC\u2010Y. Biomechanics of soft tissues in the shoulder joint\u2013glenohumeral cartilage ligament and rotator cuff tendon. PhD thesis Columbia University 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199609000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100130413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","first-page":"113","volume-title":"The athlete's shoulder","author":"Kupferman SP","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016923909174877"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","unstructured":"MalickyDM. Strain fields of joint capsule and stabilizing factors in shoulder instability. 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