{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T09:51:53Z","timestamp":1792057913160,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,30]],"date-time":"2009-03-30T19:23:31Z","timestamp":1238441011000},"page":"339-352","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":131,"title":["Choanal Atresia and Choanal Stenosis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"James D.","family":"Ramsden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Campisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vito","family":"Forte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib1","first-page":"1095","article-title":"Congenital choanal atresia in infants and children","volume":"70","author":"Flake","year":"1961","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhino Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib2","first-page":"1968","article-title":"Congenital atresia of the choanae","volume":"2","author":"Fraser","year":"1910","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"issue":"1 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199601000-00019","article-title":"Choanal atresia: a new anatomic classification and clinical management applications","volume":"106","author":"Brown","year":"1996","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.142.1.7053555","article-title":"Choanal atresia: a case report illustrating the use of computed tomography","volume":"142","author":"Shirkhoda","year":"1982","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100095906","article-title":"Evaluation of CT in the diagnosis of congenital choanal atresia","volume":"97","author":"Hasegawa","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib6","first-page":"743","article-title":"Computed tomographic demonstration of choanal atresia","volume":"5","author":"Tadmor","year":"1984","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(95)70107-9","article-title":"Pediatric endoscopic nasal and sinus surgery","volume":"113","author":"Stankiewicz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200302000-00011","article-title":"Choanal atresia: a twenty-year review of medical comorbidities and surgical outcomes","volume":"113","author":"Samadi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1001\/archoto.2007.20","article-title":"Predictive factors for success after transnasal endoscopic treatment of choanal atresia","volume":"134","author":"Teissier","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1343","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70285-1","article-title":"Choanal atresia, CHARGE association, and congenital nasal stenosis","volume":"33","author":"Keller","year":"2000","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e3181639b91","article-title":"Choanal atresia: embryologic analysis and evolution of treatment, a 30-year experience","volume":"118","author":"Hengerer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14036","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2336223100","article-title":"A newborn lethal defect due to inactivation of retinaldehyde dehydrogenase type 3 is prevented by maternal retinoic acid treatment","volume":"100","author":"Dupe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1006\/mgme.1999.2915","article-title":"Craniosynostosis syndromes: from genes to premature fusion of skull bones","volume":"68","author":"Hehr","year":"1999","journal-title":"Mol Genet Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1320280419","article-title":"Choanal atresia and athelia: methimazole teratogenicity or a new syndrome?","volume":"28","author":"Greenberg","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19980113)75:2<220::AID-AJMG21>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Choanal atresia and hypothelia following methimazole exposure in utero: a second report","volume":"75","author":"Wilson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.20668","article-title":"Choanal atresia associated with prenatal methimazole exposure: three new patients","volume":"129A","author":"Barbero","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.30418","article-title":"Carbimazole embryopathy: an emerging phenotype","volume":"132A","author":"Foulds","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.32497","article-title":"Choanal atresia associated with maternal hyperthyroidism treated with methimazole: a case-control study","volume":"146A","author":"Barbero","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet A"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E460","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00519.2002","article-title":"Role and regulation of the fibroblast growth factor axis in human thyroid follicular cells","volume":"285","author":"Cocks","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2709","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.86.6.2709","article-title":"Tie-2 is expressed on thyroid follicular cells, is increased in goiter, and is regulated by thyrotropin through cyclic adenosine 3\u2032,5\u2032-monophosphate","volume":"86","author":"Ramsden","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(79)80513-2","article-title":"Choanal atresia and associated multiple anomalies","volume":"95","author":"Hall","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.3928\/0191-3913-19790301-10","article-title":"Colobomatous microphthalmia, heart disease, hearing loss, and mental retardation\u2013a syndrome","volume":"16","author":"Hittner","year":"1979","journal-title":"J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-8628(2000)9999:999<00::AID-AJMG1132>3.0.CO;2-J","article-title":"A recognizable syndrome within CHARGE association: Hall-Hittner syndrome","volume":"99","author":"Graham","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Med Genet"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(81)80454-4","article-title":"Coloboma, congenital heart disease, and choanal atresia with multiple anomalies: CHARGE association","volume":"99","author":"Pagon","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1172-1-34","article-title":"CHARGE syndrome","volume":"1","author":"Blake","year":"2006","journal-title":"Orphanet J Rare Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(87)90107-8","article-title":"Choanal atresia and associated anomalies","volume":"13","author":"Leclerc","year":"1987","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2005.036061","article-title":"CHARGE syndrome: the phenotypic spectrum of mutations in the CHD7 gene","volume":"43","author":"Jongmans","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201778","article-title":"CHARGE syndrome: an update","volume":"15","author":"Sanlaville","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(85)80535-7","article-title":"Oral breathing in newborn infants","volume":"107","author":"Miller","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2004.02.010","article-title":"An update on choanal atresia surgery at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children: preliminary results with Mitomycin C and the KTP laser","volume":"68","author":"Kubba","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-007-0554-8","article-title":"Inadvertent intracranial insertion of a soft rubber tube in a patient with Treacher-Collins syndrome: case report and review of literature","volume":"24","author":"Muzumdar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1080\/02688699943547","article-title":"Intracranial malposition of a nasogastric tube following repair of choanal atresia","volume":"13","author":"Nathoo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.3109\/02844317809013002","article-title":"Congenital choanal atresia. Etiology, morphology and diagnosis in 82 cases","volume":"12","author":"Freng","year":"1978","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215053419925","article-title":"Use of the automatic tympanometer as a screening tool for congenital choanal atresia","volume":"119","author":"Effat","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.155.2.3983384","article-title":"Choanal atresia: precise CT evaluation","volume":"155","author":"Slovis","year":"1985","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib36","first-page":"181","article-title":"Pathologischen Anatomic des Menschenund der Thiere","volume":"1","author":"Otto","year":"1830","journal-title":"Berlin: Recker"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib37","first-page":"535","article-title":"Stenochorie und Atresie der Choannen","volume":"2","author":"Emmert","year":"1854","journal-title":"Lehrbach der Speciellen Chirurgie"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181843564","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of choanal atresia: results of 13 cases and meta-analysis","volume":"19","author":"Durmaz","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2003.10.006","article-title":"Management of bilateral choanal atresia in the neonate: an institutional review","volume":"68","author":"Gujrathi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948909800205","article-title":"Choanal atresia: treatment trends in 47 patients over 33 years","volume":"98","author":"Ferguson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.3109\/02844317809013003","article-title":"Growth in width of the dental arches after partial extirpation of the mid-palatal suture in man","volume":"12","author":"Freng","year":"1978","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib42","first-page":"354","volume":"128","author":"Lang","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gegenbaurs Morphol Jahrb"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-196809000-00005","article-title":"Bilateral choanal atresia in the newborn: plan of action","volume":"78","author":"Fearon","year":"1968","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989010300608","article-title":"The endoscopic repair of choanal atresia","volume":"103","author":"Stankiewicz","year":"1990","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"674","DOI":"10.1067\/mhn.2001.116037","article-title":"Transnasal mucosal flap rotation technique for repair of posterior choanal atresia","volume":"124","author":"Dedo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-008-0654-4","article-title":"Swinging door flap technique for endoscopic transeptal repair of bilateral choanal atresia","volume":"265","author":"Nour","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.2500\/105065801781543718","article-title":"Nasal septal cross-over flap technique: a choanal atresia micro-endoscopic surgical repair","volume":"15","author":"Stamm","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.01.027","article-title":"Treatment of bilateral choanal atresia in the premature infant","volume":"72","author":"Lapointe","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1375","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.127.11.1375","article-title":"Surgical management of choanal atresia: improved outcome using mitomycin","volume":"127","author":"Holland","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.4.398","article-title":"Topical mitomycin as an adjunct to choanal atresia repair","volume":"128","author":"Prasad","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib51","first-page":"1537","article-title":"Effect of use of mitomycin C on the outcome of choanal atresia repair","volume":"28","author":"Al-Ammar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215106003008","article-title":"Laryngeal cancer after topical mitomycin C application","volume":"120","author":"Agrawal","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(05)70208-5","article-title":"Endoscopic versus traditional approaches to choanal atresia","volume":"33","author":"Park","year":"2000","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.8.936","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic treatment of choanal atresia without prolonged stenting","volume":"128","author":"Van Den Abbeele","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.03.036","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of choanal atresia: why stent?","volume":"131","author":"Schoem","year":"2004","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"750","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200204000-00028","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic surgery of choanal atresia without the use of stents","volume":"112","author":"Cedin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib57","first-page":"437","article-title":"The use of nasal stent for choanal atresia","volume":"29","author":"Al-Ammar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1097\/scs.0b013e318033856e","article-title":"Computer-aided surgical treatment of bilateral choanal atresia","volume":"18","author":"Westendorff","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.128.7.797","article-title":"Computer-assisted navigation system in pediatric intranasal surgery","volume":"128","author":"Postec","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489409124335","article-title":"Laser beam in treating congenital choanal atresia in three patients","volume":"517","author":"Furuta","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol Suppl"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940111000408","article-title":"Transnasal treatment of congenital choanal atresia with the KTP laser","volume":"110","author":"Pototschnig","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2008.01.011","article-title":"Contact-diode laser repair of bony choanal atresia: a preliminary report","volume":"72","author":"D'Eredita","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(93)90136-Q","article-title":"Fatal gas embolism as a complication of Nd-YAG laser surgery during treatment of bilateral choanal stenosis","volume":"27","author":"Yuan","year":"1993","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1006","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2008.05543.x","article-title":"Venous air embolism during the use of a Nd YAG laser","volume":"63","author":"Aqil","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1995.01890050015003","article-title":"Transnasal repair of choanal atresia using telescopes","volume":"121","author":"Lazar","year":"1995","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100133894","article-title":"Trans-nasal endoscopic holmium: YAG laser correction of choanal atresia","volume":"110","author":"Panwar","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/S0385-8146(96)00041-7","article-title":"Endoscopic surgery of uni- and bilateral choanal atresia","volume":"24","author":"Anderhuber","year":"1997","journal-title":"Auris Nasus Larynx"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(97)00142-0","article-title":"Congenital bilateral choanal atresia","volume":"42","author":"Sadek","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.124.5.537","article-title":"Transnasal endoscopic repair of congenital choanal atresia: long-term results","volume":"124","author":"Josephson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(98)00119-0","article-title":"Unilateral choanal atresia: initial presentation and endoscopic repair","volume":"46","author":"Wiatrak","year":"1998","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib71","first-page":"307","volume":"18","author":"Saetti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib72","first-page":"337","article-title":"Clinical applications of the holmium: YAG laser in disorders of the paediatric airway","volume":"28","author":"Fong","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1258\/0022215011907460","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of unilateral choanal atresia with the KTP laser: a one stage procedure","volume":"115","author":"Tzifa","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Laryngol Otol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1053\/ajot.2001.24816","article-title":"Acquired posterior choanal stenosis and atresia: management of this unusual complication after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Ku","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1053\/ajot.2001.26490","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of choanal atresia: practical operative technique","volume":"22","author":"Uri","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200202000-00021","article-title":"Endoscopic repair of bilateral congenital choanal atresia","volume":"112","author":"Khafagy","year":"2002","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-5876(02)00386-5","article-title":"Endoscopic treatment of congenital choanal atresia","volume":"67","author":"Pasquini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib78","first-page":"31","article-title":"Transnasal repair of unilateral choanal atresia","volume":"41","author":"Rombaux","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.05.009","article-title":"Endoscopic transeptal surgery for choanal atresia with a stentless folded-over-flap technique","volume":"135","author":"Cedin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2006.11.012","article-title":"Endoscopic transnasal repair of choanal atresia","volume":"71","author":"Yaniv","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666509000048?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666509000048?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,3]],"date-time":"2021-10-03T18:54:04Z","timestamp":1633287244000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0030666509000048"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0030666509000048"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otc.2009.01.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6665"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0030-6665","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}}}