{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,23]],"date-time":"2025-04-23T09:27:40Z","timestamp":1745400460470},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,1]],"date-time":"2011-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306886400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,1]],"date-time":"2011-05-01T18:44:33Z","timestamp":1304275473000},"page":"549-559","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Types of Rhinitis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Kevin F.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew E.","family":"Spector","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard R.","family":"Orlandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1067\/mai.2001.118891","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA)","volume":"108","author":"Bousquet","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Office visits to otolaryngologists 1989\u201390, national ambulatory medical care survey","volume":"222","author":"Woodwell","year":"1992","journal-title":"Adv Data"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)63155-9","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of rhinitis: complete guidelines of the Joint Task Force on Practice Parameter in Allergy, Asthma and Immunology. American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology","volume":"81","author":"Dykewicz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(92)90444-7","article-title":"Immunohistology of the nasal mucosa in seasonal allergic rhinitis: increases in activated eosinophils and epithelial mast cells","volume":"89","author":"Bentley","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"858","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.164.5.2006082","article-title":"Segmental bronchoprovocation in allergic rhinitis patients affects mast cell and basophil numbers in nasal and bronchial mucosa","volume":"164","author":"Braunstahl","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2001.01106.x","article-title":"Evidence for an inflammatory pathophysiology in idiopathic rhinitis","volume":"31","author":"Powe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib7","first-page":"25","article-title":"Inflammatory cells seem not to be involved in idiopathic rhinitis","volume":"41","author":"van Rijswijk","year":"2003","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100054980","article-title":"The vasomotor activities of the nasal mucous membrane","volume":"73","author":"Malcomson","year":"1959","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laryngol Otol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib9","first-page":"65","article-title":"Vasomotor rhinitis","volume":"19","author":"Kimmelman","year":"1986","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.294.6586.1505","article-title":"Vasomotor rhinitis","volume":"294","author":"Jones","year":"1987","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(05)80226-X","article-title":"Neuropeptides and nasal secretion","volume":"86","author":"Baraniuk","year":"1990","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.1998.00204.x","article-title":"Neuropeptide innervation and neuroendocrine cells in allergic rhinitis and chronic hypertrophic rhinitis","volume":"28","author":"Fang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02114752","article-title":"Neutral endopeptidase activity and concentration of sensory neuropeptide in the human nasal mucosa","volume":"252","author":"Lacroix","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1098","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.02.018","article-title":"Evolution of patients with nonallergic rhinitis supports conversion to allergic rhinitis","volume":"123","author":"Rondon","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1385\/CRIAI:26:3:149","article-title":"Clinical and pathogenetic characteristics of pregnancy rhinitis","volume":"26","author":"Elleg\u00e5rd","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Rev Allergy Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-002-0020-3","article-title":"Thoughts on the pathophysiology of nonallergic rhinitis","volume":"2","author":"Fokkens","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.2009.03450.x","article-title":"Drug-induced rhinitis","volume":"40","author":"Varghese","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib18","first-page":"148","article-title":"Rhinitis medicamentosa","volume":"16","author":"Ramey","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Investig Allergol Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib19","first-page":"40","article-title":"Use of nasal provocation test in the diagnostics of occupational rhinitis","volume":"45","author":"Airaksinen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rhinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(89)90484-3","article-title":"Gustatory rhinitis: a syndrome of food-induced rhinorrhea","volume":"83","author":"Raphael","year":"1989","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.2500\/105065898782103043","article-title":"Noninfectious, nonallergic rhinitis (NINAR): considerations on possible mechanisms","volume":"12","author":"Sanico","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1095","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-198509000-00015","article-title":"Extended follow-up of total inferior turbinate resection for relief of chronic nasal obstruction","volume":"95","author":"Moore","year":"1985","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2005.08.008","article-title":"Granulomatous diseases and chronic rhinosinusitis","volume":"38","author":"Tami","year":"2005","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2273.1992.tb01009.x","article-title":"Nasal mucosal involvement in lupus erythematosus","volume":"17","author":"Robson","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-004-0028-y","article-title":"Nasal manifestations of systemic illnesses","volume":"4","author":"Alobid","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(81)90019-1","article-title":"Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia (NARES syndrome): clinical and immunologic presentation","volume":"67","author":"Jacobs","year":"1981","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2009.12.989","article-title":"Rhinitis and sinusitis","volume":"125","author":"Dykewicz","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s11882-006-0037-0","article-title":"Nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Ellis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Curr Allergy Asthma Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2003.12.004","article-title":"NARES: a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea?","volume":"25","author":"Kramer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/0091-6749(80)90196-7","article-title":"Allergic and nonallergic rhinitis: their characterization with attention to the meaning of nasal eosinophilia","volume":"65","author":"Mullarkey","year":"1980","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.129.5.584","article-title":"Vasomotor rhinitis is not a wastebasket diagnosis","volume":"129","author":"Smith","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-140-4-200402170-00010","article-title":"Evidence-based diagnostic strategies for evaluating allergic rhinitis","volume":"140","author":"Gendo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-199901000-00018","article-title":"Effect of steroids on nasal inflammatory cells and cytokine profile","volume":"109","author":"Condo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib34","first-page":"199","article-title":"Treatment update: non-allergic rhinitis","volume":"22","author":"Lieberman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2222.1995.tb00011.x","article-title":"A\u00a0placebo-controlled study of fluticasone propionate aqueous nasal spray and beclomethasone dipropionate in perennial rhinitis: efficacy in allergic and non-allergic perennial rhinitis","volume":"25","author":"Scadding","year":"1995","journal-title":"Clin Exp Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib36","first-page":"841","article-title":"Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA). In collaboration with the World Health Organization. Executive Summary of the Workshop Report","volume":"57","author":"Bosquet","year":"2002","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)62352-6","article-title":"Efficacy of azelastine nasal spray in the treatment of vasomotor (perennial nonallergic) rhinitis","volume":"86","author":"Banov","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.2500\/105065897781751901","article-title":"Effects of substance P (SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in nasal secretions","volume":"11","author":"Shinoda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Rhinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/S1081-1206(10)63289-9","article-title":"Inhibitory effects of azelastine hydrochloride in alcohol-induced asthma","volume":"82","author":"Takao","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1088","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(96)80196-5","article-title":"Topical azelastine reduces eosinophilic activation and intracellular adhesion molecule-1 expression on nasal epithelial cells: an anti-allergic activity","volume":"981","author":"Ciprandi","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.73.145","article-title":"Suppression by azelastine hydrochloride of NF-kappa B activation involved in generation of cytokines and nitric oxide","volume":"73","author":"Yoneda","year":"1997","journal-title":"Jpn J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(95)70215-6","article-title":"A\u00a0clinical trial of ipratropium bromide nasal spray in patients with perennial nonallergic rhinitis","volume":"95","author":"Bronsky","year":"1995","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016_bib43","first-page":"163","article-title":"Progressive management strategies in the treatment of rhinitis","volume":"24","author":"Kaliner","year":"2003","journal-title":"Allergy Asthma Proc"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666511000636?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666511000636?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,3]],"date-time":"2018-12-03T03:27:08Z","timestamp":1543807628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0030666511000636"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0030666511000636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otc.2011.03.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6665"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0030-6665"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]}}}