{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T21:29:25Z","timestamp":1761859765106,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","theclinics.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T04:40:21Z","timestamp":1626756021000},"page":"863-874","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The Efficient Dizziness History and Exam"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Divya A.","family":"Chari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven D.","family":"Rauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2018.06.004","article-title":"Dizziness and the otolaryngology point of view","author":"Sorathia","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2010.05.011","article-title":"The dizzy patient","author":"Kutz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib3","first-page":"367","article-title":"Audiovestibular and radiological findings\u00a0in patients with migrainous vertigo","volume":"20","author":"Lepcha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurol Asia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000240329.48263.0d","article-title":"Stroke among patients with dizziness, vertigo, and imbalance in the emergency department: a population-based study","author":"Kerber","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4065\/82.11.1329","article-title":"Imprecision in patient reports of dizziness symptom quality: a cross-sectional study conducted in an acute care setting","author":"Newman-Toker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2007.02.023","article-title":"Orthostatic hypotension in the elderly: diagnosis and treatment","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib7","first-page":"154","article-title":"Dizziness: approach to evaluation and management","volume":"95","author":"Muncie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2005.11.003","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dizziness and vertigo","author":"Chawla","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000161","article-title":"Cervicogenic causes of vertigo","author":"Hain","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib10","article-title":"Anxiety and depression among patients with different types of vestibular peripheral vertigo","author":"Yuan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib11","article-title":"Importance of cervicogenic general dizziness","author":"Takahashi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Rural Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3182735","article-title":"The intimate relationship between vestibular migraine and meniere disease: a review of pathogenesis and presentation","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Behav Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-4980-x","article-title":"Prevalence and management of post-BPPV residual symptoms","author":"Vaduva","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Arch Oto-rhino-laryngology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2012-0453","article-title":"Vestibular migraine: diagnostic criteria","author":"Lempert","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vestib Res Equilib Orientat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.19.2118","article-title":"Burden of dizziness and vertigo in the community","author":"Neuhauser","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-011-0001-x","article-title":"Dizziness impairs health-related quality of life","author":"Ten Voorde","year":"2012","journal-title":"Qual Life Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1990.01870040046011","article-title":"The development of the dizziness handicap inventory","author":"Jacobson","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(92)90131-K","article-title":"Symptoms, anxiety and handicap in dizzy patients: development of the Vertigo symptom scale","author":"Yardley","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Psychosom Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1524-4733.2007.00182.x","article-title":"Literature review of questionnaires assessing vertigo and dizziness, and their impact on patients\u2019 quality of life","author":"Duracinsky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Value Heal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nephro.2017.01.003","article-title":"Orthostatic hypotension: a review","author":"Joseph","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nephrol Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.71.2.149","article-title":"Ramsay hunt syndrome","author":"Sweeney","year":"2001","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib22","article-title":"Neurosyphilis as a cause of facial and vestibulocochlear nerve dysfunction: MR imaging features","author":"Smith","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1288\/00005537-199106000-00004","article-title":"Otolaryngologic aspects of lyme disease","author":"Moscatello","year":"1991","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2019.01172","article-title":"Vertigo and severe balance instability as symptoms of lyme disease\u2014literature review and case report","author":"Jozefowicz-Korczynska","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.25.3.2","article-title":"Jendrassik maneuver facilitates cVEMP amplitude: Some preliminary observations","author":"Roberts","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Acad Audiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib26","article-title":"Clinical Practice Guideline: Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (Update)","author":"Bhattacharyya","year":"2017","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/835671","article-title":"Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV): history, pathophysiology, office treatment and future directions","author":"Hornibrook","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-438X(05)82329-1","article-title":"Curthoys and Halmagyi Head Impulse test: an analytical device","author":"Ulmer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2011-0421","article-title":"The 2D modified head impulse test: A 2D technique for measuring function in all six semi-circular canals","author":"Migliaccio","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Vestib Res Equilib Orientat"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/84.2.151","article-title":"Optimizing the Sensitivity of the Head Thrust Test for Identifying Vestibular Hypofunction","author":"Schubert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.03.004","article-title":"Study of micronutrients (copper, zinc and vitamin B12) in posterolateral myelopathies","author":"Verma","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Sci"},{"journal-title":"Cephalalgia","article-title":"The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (beta version)","year":"2013","key":"10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010_bib32"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666521001110?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0030666521001110?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T14:53:32Z","timestamp":1758466412000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0030666521001110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["S0030666521001110"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0030-6665"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0030-6665"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The Efficient Dizziness History and Exam","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otc.2021.05.010","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}