{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T05:04:05Z","timestamp":1770354245300,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4215,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine alterations in Th2 chemokines eotaxin and monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20104 (MCP\u20104), and cytokines interleukin\u20105 (IL\u20105) and interleukin\u201013 (IL\u201013), in nasal polyps (NP) after steroid treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cytokine\/chemokine levels were measured in NP before and after steroid therapy and compared to control sinus mucosa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one patients (control = 7, NP = 14) were enrolled. Eotaxin and MCP\u20104 were significantly higher than control tissue (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.004 and 0.003). All four mediators decreased after steroid treatment (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.03). IL\u20105 and IL\u201013\u00a0in untreated polyps were not significantly different from controls. Patients showed clinical improvement according to SNOT\u201020 scores (average presteroid score 19, post\u2010steroid score 13) and endoscopic grading (1.75 each side presteroid, 1.13 poststeroid).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Steroids significantly decreased all cytokine\/chemokine levels, but the impact on Th2 chemokines was of a much greater magnitude.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>SIGNIFICANCE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Novel approaches to block inflammatory mediators, particularly Th2 chemokines, may lead to better control of nasal polyposis in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.05.028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,30]],"date-time":"2004-10-30T14:25:44Z","timestamp":1099146344000},"page":"585-589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Alterations in Eotaxin, Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein\u20104, Interleukin\u20105, and Interleukin\u201013 After Systemic Steroid Treatment for Nasal Polyps"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Bradford A.","family":"Woodworth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kusumam","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allen P.","family":"Kaplan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Allergy and Immunology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rodney J.","family":"Schlosser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.42.111901.111143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2222.2002.01420.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.148.8.2390","article-title":"Cytokine mRNA expression for IL\u20103, IL\u20104, IL\u20105, and GM\u2010CSF in the nasal mucosa after local allergen provocation: Relationship to tissue eosinophilia","volume":"148","author":"Durham SR","year":"1992","journal-title":"J 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