{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T15:37:06Z","timestamp":1783093026994,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4064,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine long\u2010term effectiveness of multilevel (tongue and palate) temperature\u2010controlled radiofrequency tissue ablation (TCRFTA) for patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, 2\u2010institution case series. Twenty\u2010nine subjects with mild to moderate OSAS and who were at least 1 year from completion of multilevel TCRFTA were included, representing a subset of subjects who were enrolled in a previously published controlled trial. Exclusion criteria for this extended follow\u2010up study included any additional treatment for OSAS after completion of TCRFTA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Median follow\u2010up was 23\u00a0months. Daytime sleepiness and OSAS\u2010related quality of life were significantly improved at extended follow\u2010up (both <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> 0.001). Median reaction time testing and apnea\u2010hypopnea index (AHI) were also significantly improved at long\u2010term follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.03 and 0.01). Body mass index was unchanged (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.94).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multilevel TCRFTA treatment of mild to moderate OSAS resulted in prolonged improvement in daytime somnolence, OSAS\u2010related quality of life, psychomotor vigilance, and AHI in this group of subjects at extended follow\u2010up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2004.11.013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,2]],"date-time":"2005-04-02T07:14:54Z","timestamp":1112426094000},"page":"630-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Multilevel Temperature\u2010Controlled Radiofrequency for Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Extended Follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"132","author":[{"given":"David L.","family":"Steward","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edward M.","family":"Weaver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery University of Washington Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B. 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