{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T08:33:58Z","timestamp":1768293238373,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3881,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multiple clinical trials demonstrate the value of administering antibiotics for recurrent tonsillitis. However, there is no consensus as to the role of antibiotics in the management of adenotonsillar hypertrophy and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has been suggested that antibiotics may reduce adenotonsillar size, improve obstructive symptoms, and obviate the need for surgery. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy of a broad\u2010spectrum antibiotic in the management of adenotonsillar hypertrophy and OSA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>METHODS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010two children ages 2 through 12, with evidence of OSA, were enrolled in this double\u2010blinded, prospective clinical trial. Children were randomly assigned into 1 of 2\u00a0groups. Group I received azithromycin for a 30\u2010day period (12\u00a0mg\/kg on days 1\u20105; the regimen was repeated on days 11\u201015 and days 21\u201025). Group II received a placebo administered in the same regimen for a 30\u2010day period. Overnight polysomnography was performed before and within 2 weeks after drug administration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Polysomnographic indices of OSA severity appear to indicate an improvement in the antibiotic as compared to the placebo group, but a comparison of mean \u00b1 standard error for each parameter failed to demonstrate statistical significance using the paired <jats:italic>t<\/jats:italic> test. Only 1 of 11 (9%) children had normalization of their polysomnographic parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:title><jats:p>These results suggest that a course of a broad\u2010spectrum antibiotic may be effective in temporarily improving OSA due to adenotonsillar hypertrophy, but does not appear to obviate the need for surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.05.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,10,18]],"date-time":"2005-10-18T16:49:23Z","timestamp":1129654163000},"page":"562-568","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Antimicrobial Therapy for Children with Adenotonsillar Hypertrophy and Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Azithromycin vs Placebo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Debra M.","family":"Don","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Pulmonology Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California San Diego California"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Down\u2010state Medical Center and Long Island College Hospital Brooklyn NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nira A.","family":"Goldstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Pulmonology Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California San Diego California"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Down\u2010state Medical Center and Long Island College Hospital Brooklyn NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dennis M.","family":"Crockett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Pulmonology Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California San Diego California"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Down\u2010state Medical Center and Long Island College Hospital Brooklyn NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally Davidson","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Pulmonology Children's Hospital Los Angeles; Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California San Diego California"},{"name":"Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology Down\u2010state Medical Center and Long Island College Hospital Brooklyn NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Vital and Health Statistics. 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