{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T17:18:47Z","timestamp":1783963127763,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3820,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>Sialoscopy has developed into an important diagnostic and therapeutic tool for diseases of the major salivary glands.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated 103 patients with chronic swelling of the major salivary glands. Routine diagnostic measures revealed no clear diagnosis. The findings of 109 sialoscopies are described. A semi\u2010rigid endoscope (with a diameter of 1.1\u00a0mm and 2\u00a0integrated working channels) was used for sialoscopy, 51.5% of the cases in Warthon's duct and 48.5% in Stensen's duct.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pathologic findings resulted in 83.0% of the submandibular and in 96% of the parotid ducts. Obstruction neither due to sialolithiasis nor stenosis was observed in 56.3%, whereas sialolithiasis was observed in 20.3% of the patients. In 36 (35%) patients, an interventional sialoscopy was performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>In cases of invisible salivary duct obstruction, especially in those with low mineralized calculi, strictures, stenoses, or postinflammatory changes, sialoscopy gives immediate and direct information about causal pathologies. Moreover, further therapy can be planned within the same procedure.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>EBM RATING<\/jats:title><jats:p>C<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2005.08.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,20]],"date-time":"2005-12-20T10:21:35Z","timestamp":1135074095000},"page":"863-868","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":99,"title":["Sialoscopy in Cases of Unclear Swelling of the Major Salivary Glands"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"133","author":[{"given":"Michael","family":"Koch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010University of Erlangen\u2010Nuremberg Erlangen\u2010Nuremberg Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"Zenk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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