{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T06:23:16Z","timestamp":1773296596591,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3608,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of inhaled morphine for preemptive analgesia in patients who undergo septoplasty or septorhinoplasty.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY PLAN AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eighty ASA I\u2010II patients scheduled for septoplasty or septorhinoplasty were recruited and randomly divided into 2\u00a0groups that received different treatments 10\u00a0minutes prior to induction. The preemptive analgesia group (Group P, n = 40) received 65 \u03bcg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> morphine sulphate (a 3\u2010mL volume) via an oral nebulizer, and the control group (Group C, n = 40) received 3\u00a0mL 0.9% sodium chloride (physiological saline) via the same type of nebulizer. Blood pressure, oxygen saturation, heart rate, time to first requirement for analgesia, and occurrence of nausea\/vomiting were recorded.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were no significant differences between Groups P and C with respect to age, body weight, sex distribution, or duration of surgery. There was also no significant difference between the group frequencies of postoperative nausea\/vomiting. The time to first requirement for analgesia was significantly longer in Group P than Group C.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSION<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results of this preliminary study suggest that a single dose of inhaled morphine administered preemptively prior to septoplasty or septorhinoplasty provides effective postoperative analgesia.<\/jats:p><jats:p>EBM rating: B\u20103b<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.02.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,1]],"date-time":"2006-07-01T09:40:19Z","timestamp":1151746819000},"page":"85-89","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Preliminary Findings for Preemptive Analgesia with Inhaled Morphine: Efficacy in Septoplasty and Septorhinoplasty Cases"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Ate\u015f \u00d6nal","family":"Selami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Algology Firat University Elazi\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kele\u015f","family":"Erol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology Firat University Elazi\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c7a\u011flar Toprak","family":"Gonca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Algology Firat University Elazi\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Demirel","family":"\u0130smail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Algology Firat University Elazi\u011f Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H. 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