{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T08:49:08Z","timestamp":1777106948334,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3424,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the incidence of unilateral hypodynamic palate (UHP) and velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) in hemifacial microsomia (HFM), and to determine the dysmorphic manifestations having significant associations with UHP\/VPI in HFM.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was a nonrandomized study of 48 patients with unilateral HFM without cleft palate. The correlation between each anomaly and UHP\/VPI was analyzed statistically. In addition, we observed 4 HFM patients with cleft palate to examine the influence on cleft palate speech.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of UHP in HFM was 50.0% and that of VPI was 14.6%. All the VPI patients had UHP. Severe micrognathia and soft tissue deficiency, macrostomia, and mental retardation were significant risk factors for developing VPI in HFM. Moreover, UHP exacerbated speech in HFM with cleft lip and palate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Significant correlations were detected between VPI and HFM. This finding should be helpful in the overall management of HFM.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u00a9 2007 American Academy of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. All rights reserved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,9]],"date-time":"2007-01-09T13:55:25Z","timestamp":1168350925000},"page":"33-37","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Velopharyngeal insufficiency in hemifacial microsomia: Analysis of correlated factors"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Emi","family":"Funayama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroharu H.","family":"Igawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Faculty of Medicine Kagawa University Takamatsu Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Nishizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiko","family":"Oyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuhei","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine Sapporo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196511000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197710000-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-197505000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","first-page":"119","article-title":"The surgical treatment of nasal speech disorders.","volume":"25","author":"Calnan JS","year":"1959","journal-title":"Ann R Coll Surg Engl"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198008000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-196005000-00004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198306000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1991)028<0068:TOMENS>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1597\/1545-1569(1995)032<0179:MOTHV>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","volume-title":"The developing human.","author":"Moore KL","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","first-page":"329","article-title":"Anatomic relationship between the human levator and tensor veli palatini and the Eustachian tube.","volume":"15","author":"Seif SS","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1226(51)80002-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"The course of facial nerve innervation for the levator veli palatine muscle.","volume":"15","author":"Ibuki K","year":"1978","journal-title":"Cleft Plate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000637-198910000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"The motor nerve supply of the velopharyngeal muscles.","volume":"13","author":"Nishio J","year":"1976","journal-title":"Cleft Palate J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345680470065801"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","first-page":"65","article-title":"The primacy of functional matrices in orofacial growth.","volume":"19","author":"Moss ML","year":"1968","journal-title":"Dent Pract Dent Rec"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T08:50:26Z","timestamp":1760950226000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.020","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}