{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T11:07:14Z","timestamp":1774436834418,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]],"date-time":"2016-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1463443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3334,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To identify the age at which spontaneous improvement in vocal fold function occurs that will allow decannulation to be performed in tracheostomy\u2010dependent children with isolated idiopathic congenital bilateral vocal fold paralysis (BVFP).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design And Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective chart review in tertiary pediatric center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three children were identified who underwent tracheostomy between 13 and 45\u00a0days old. Two patients have been decannulated at age 5 years 11\u00a0months and 7 years 1\u00a0month, but both have persistent symptoms of upper airway obstruction. One patient remains tracheostomy\u2010dependent at 4 years of age with only minimal vocal cord abduction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Spontaneous improvement in vocal fold function sufficient to allow decannulation appears to occur during the second quinquennium of life.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Significance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Conservative treatment could be considered as an alternative to surgery in severe idiopathic congenital BVFP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,5]],"date-time":"2007-04-05T07:11:57Z","timestamp":1175757117000},"page":"649-652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Natural history of tracheostomy\u2010dependent idiopathic congenital bilateral vocal fold paralysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"136","author":[{"given":"Robert G","family":"Berkowitz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Royal Children's Hospital Bertalli Otolaryngology Research Centre Murdoch Children's Research Institute Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-6665(20)31418-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949810700114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949610500306"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948209100420"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5876(95)01262-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","first-page":"278","article-title":"Outcome of vocal cord paralysis in infants","volume":"45","author":"Lee CC","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr Taiwan"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.126.1.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940311200101"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949410300403"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0022215100135674"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005537-200111000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1044\/jshd.5501.15"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348940511400612"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:20:08Z","timestamp":1760966408000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.11.050","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2016-05-17","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}