{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T03:51:01Z","timestamp":1782791461008,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To determine the feasibility and effectiveness of virtual\u2010patient computer\u2010assisted instruction (CAI) in pre\u2010clerkship undergraduate otolaryngology education.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, randomized, controlled trial.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Second\u2010year medical students at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, were randomized into two groups: group A was given a CAI module and group B was presented with two Internet review articles, both covered specific learning objectives for pediatric stridor. Students completed randomized pre\u2010 and post\u2010tests and a questionnaire one week later.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fifty\u2010five students completed the study with 28\u00a0in group A and 27\u00a0in group B. Mean pretest scores were 59.1% in group A and 59.8% in group B (95% CI = \u22127.9% to 10.4%). Mean post\u2010test scores were significantly elevated in group A (84.6%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) and group B (74.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.008). Group A had a significantly higher (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02) mean post\u2010test score than group B (mean difference of 10.2%). Students spent significantly more time (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) reading text articles (25.5\u00a0minutes) than completing the CAI (9.06\u00a0minutes). Forty\u2010one (66%) students completed the survey. Thirty\u2010six (88%) respondents indicated that they preferred CAI to online articles.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>CAI is a feasible, effective, and efficient means of enhancing self\u2010directed learning as supplementation to the pre\u2010clerkship undergraduate otolaryngology curriculum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]],"date-time":"2009-02-26T05:09:48Z","timestamp":1235624988000},"page":"398-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Interactive Internet\u2010based cases for undergraduate otolaryngology education"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Thileeban","family":"Kandasamy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Fung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery University of Western Ontario London Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04173-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/089419399272296"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.322.7277.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2003.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:JOMS.0000021522.30587.ff"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","volume-title":"UpToDate","author":"Quintero DR","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","first-page":"304","article-title":"Laryngomalacia and its management: when to worry about the squeaky baby.","volume":"87","author":"Gibson S","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Health R I"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/52.3-4.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002221504322928008"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(99)70233-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2310\/7070.2002.21057"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2929.2006.02611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1995.02170150077014"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001888-199212000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ACM.0b013e31803e8a0a"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T14:39:50Z","timestamp":1760971190000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.11.033","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-08-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-11-19","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-03-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}