{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T12:17:32Z","timestamp":1790943452363,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,1]],"date-time":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the impact of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) on olfactory impairment in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) over intermediate and long\u2010term follow\u2010up. We hypothesized that patients with mild olfactory dysfunction (hyposmia) would benefit from ESS, whereas patients with severe olfactory dysfunction (anosmia) would not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prospective, multi\u2010institutional cohort study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Subjects and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 111 patients presenting for ESS for treatment of CRS were examined preoperatively, and at 6 and 12\u00a0months postoperatively. Demographic, comorbidity, and Smell Identification Test (SIT) data were collected at each time point. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of gender\u2010adjusted olfactory dysfunction prior to surgery was 67.5 percent. Surprisingly, hyposmic patients did not significantly improve after surgery. In contrast, patients with anosmia significantly improved after ESS (baseline, 6\u2010month SIT scores: 9.7 \u00b1 2.0, 21.3 \u00b1 11.2; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Improvement was sustained at 12\u2010month follow\u2010up (21.7 \u00b1 10.7; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that baseline olfactory category and nasal polyposis were significantly associated with improvement in postoperative olfactory function (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.035, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.002).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Contrary to our hypotheses, patients with severe olfactory dysfunction significantly improved after ESS and sustained improvement over time, whereas patients with mild olfactory dysfunction did not.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,26]],"date-time":"2009-02-26T05:09:48Z","timestamp":1235624988000},"page":"312-319","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":90,"title":["Does olfactory function improve after endoscopic sinus surgery?"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Jamie R.","family":"Litvack","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery Oregon Sinus Center Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jess","family":"Mace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery Oregon Sinus Center Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timothy L.","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rhinology and Sinus Surgery Oregon Sinus Center Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Science University Portland 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