{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T21:41:56Z","timestamp":1792014116188,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,1]],"date-time":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1238544000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To present an updated version of the original Facial Nerve Grading Scale (FNGS), commonly referred to as the House\u2010Brackmann scale.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Controlled trial of grading systems using a series of 21 videos of individuals with varying degrees of facial paralysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The intraobserver and interobserver agreement was high among the original and revised scales. Nominal improvement is seen in percentage of exact agreement of grade and reduction of instances of examiners differing by more then one grade when using FNGS 2.0. FNGS 2.0 also offers improved agreement in differentiating between grades 3 and 4.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>FNGS 2.0\u00a0incorporates regional scoring of facial movement, providing additional information while maintaining agreement comparable to the original scale. Ambiguities regarding use of the grading scale are addressed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,27]],"date-time":"2009-03-27T04:58:59Z","timestamp":1238129939000},"page":"445-450","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":190,"title":["Facial Nerve Grading System 2.0"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"name":"Facial Nerve Disorders Committee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey T.","family":"Vrabec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Douglas D.","family":"Backous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Mason Medical Center Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid R.","family":"Djalilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery University of California Irvine Irvine CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul W.","family":"Gidley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John P.","family":"Leonetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola Center for Cranial Base Surgery Loyola University Medical Center Maywood IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam J.","family":"Marzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Loyola Center for Cranial Base Surgery Loyola University Medical Center Maywood IL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Morrison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Division of Otolaryngology University of Nevada School of Medicine Las Vegas NV"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mitchell J.","family":"Ramsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Otolaryngology Tripler Army Medical Center Honolulu HI"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barry M.","family":"Schaitkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Smouha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Mount Sinai Medical Center New York NY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth H.","family":"Toh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Lahey Clinic Burlington MA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark K.","family":"Wax","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Oregon Health and Sciences University Portland OR"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert A.","family":"Williamson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.O.'Brian","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Baylor College of Medicine Houston TX"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459988509300202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-59989670206-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0194-5998(97)70120-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/019459989411000203"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200301000-00023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"781","article-title":"Facial nerve grafts: from cerebellopontine angle and beyond.","volume":"20","author":"Gidley PW","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200209000-00026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200411000-00027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00185387"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2529310"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T11:55:46Z","timestamp":1760961346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2008.12.031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2008-05-16","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2008-12-11","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2009-04-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}