{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T08:24:29Z","timestamp":1772180669280,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The medial portion of the infratemporal fossa (ITF) is not infrequently involved in sinonasal and skull base pathologies. However, endoscopic view of the ITF remains unclear with lack of studies addressing this region from the endoscopic perspective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Using an extended endoscopic approach, the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae were dissected in 10 sides of five adult cadaver heads. A plane of dissection along the pterygoid base and the infratemporal surface of the greater sphenoid wing was developed. High\u2010quality images were produced by coupling the video camera to a digital recording system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The foramen rotundum, ovale, and spinosum were accessed and new landmarks were described from the endoscopic point of view. The sphenomandibularis muscle was also highlighted. Maxillary and mandibular nerves and middle meningeal artery were all identified. Columellar measurements to the foramen rotundum and ovale ranged from 6.1 to 8.0\u00a0cm for the former and 7.0 to 9.1\u00a0cm for the latter, with a mean of 6.75\u00a0cm and 7.78\u00a0cm respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The current study provides a novel endoscopic orientation to the medial ITF. Such knowledge should provide an anatomical basis for experienced surgeons to endoscopically address this region with more safety and efficacy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2009.02.020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,4,24]],"date-time":"2009-04-24T04:35:31Z","timestamp":1240547731000},"page":"861-865","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Endoscopic transnasal study of the infratemporal fossa: A new orientation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"140","author":[{"given":"Islam R.","family":"Herzallah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Faculty of Medicine Zagazig University Zagazig Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ross","family":"Germani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology University of Miami Miller School of Medicine Miami 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