{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:20:43Z","timestamp":1784542843402,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,1]],"date-time":"2010-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1285891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Otolaryngol.--head neck surg."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this study is to review our series of head and neck paragangliomas to identify factors that may help in predicting malignancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>STUDY DESIGN<\/jats:title><jats:p>Case series with chart review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>SETTING<\/jats:title><jats:p>Academic medical center.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>SUBJECTS AND METHODS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects with head and neck paragangliomas at our institution from 1976 to current were reviewed. In addition to statistical comparisons of epidemiologic factors, pathologic and radiographic characteristics were reviewed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 84 subjects, there were seven malignant paragangliomas (8%). Age was found to be significantly different between the benign and malignant subgroups, with an average age of 54 \u00b1 16 and 40 \u00b1 12 years, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.02). Pain was a presenting complaint in five patients with benign disease (6%), and five of the seven malignant patients (71%) presented with pain, showing a significant association between pain and disease type (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt;0.0001). The odds ratio for a patient with pain having a malignant tumor was 36 (95% CI: 5.5\u2013234). Enlarging neck mass was noted in all cases of malignant disease, but only in 31 percent of cases of benign disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.0001). In a secondary analysis of carotid body tumors alone, enlarging neck mass was not found to be significant between benign and malignant disease (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.14). However, pain continued to be significantly different, with 67 percent of malignant lesions demonstrating pain, compared with only 11 percent of benign lesions (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.01). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that pain, a rapidly enlarging neck mass, and younger age are predictive factors of underlying malignancy, which should prompt one to consider an aggressive diagnostic and management approach.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]],"date-time":"2010-08-18T06:28:35Z","timestamp":1282112915000},"page":"531-537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Clinical, histopathologic, and radiographic indicators of malignancy in head and neck paragangliomas"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"143","author":[{"given":"D. Brandon","family":"Chapman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dylan","family":"Lippert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carol P.","family":"Geer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry D.","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory B.","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bio\u2010statistics Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine J.","family":"Rees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. Dale","family":"Browne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery Wake Forest University Winston\u2010Salem NC"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.1270"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.10252"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"World Health Organization Classification of Tumours Pathology and Genetics of Head and Neck Tumours","author":"Barnes L","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/EP:17:2:137"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1990.01870040069016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-200205000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","first-page":"1969","volume-title":"Head and Neck Imaging, 4th ed","author":"Som PS","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"16","volume-title":"Diagnostic Head and Neck Imaging","author":"Harnsberger HR","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2003.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hed.1046"}],"container-title":["Otolaryngology\u2013Head and Neck Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T13:35:29Z","timestamp":1760967329000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/aao-hnsfjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otohns.2010.05.031","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0194-5998","1097-6817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0194-5998","type":"print"},{"value":"1097-6817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2010-03-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-05-26","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2010-10-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}