{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,10]],"date-time":"2026-06-10T16:16:25Z","timestamp":1781108185216,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,1]],"date-time":"2022-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1667260800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedics &amp; Traumatology: Surgery &amp; Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,6]],"date-time":"2022-08-06T16:46:54Z","timestamp":1659804414000},"page":"103391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Secondary intramedullary nailing for open tibial shaft fractures. Comparison of a one-stage versus two-stage surgical procedure"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Adrien","family":"Cheyrou-Lagreze","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Severyns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Rongieras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arnaud","family":"Germaneau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guillaume-Anthony","family":"Odri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Bertani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.77B3.7744927","article-title":"The epidemiology of tibial fractures","volume":"77","author":"Court-Brown","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B1.0810071","article-title":"Fractures of the tibia. Can their outcome be predicted?","volume":"81","author":"Gaston","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0190","first-page":"195","article-title":"Infections in primary intramedullary nailing of open tibial fractures: a review article","volume":"23","author":"Lillo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0195","article-title":"Retrospective comparison of postoperative infection and bone union between late and immediate intramedullary nailing of Gustilo grades I, II, and IIIA open tibial shaft fractures","volume":"1","author":"Uchiyama","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trauma Surg Acute Care Open [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102877","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2021.102877","article-title":"Risk factors for complications after primary intramedullary nailing to treat tibial shaft fractures: a cohort study of 184 consecutive patients","volume":"107","author":"Bauwens","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2019.04.020","article-title":"Intramedullary nailing for adult open tibial shaft fracture. An 85-case series","volume":"105","author":"Laigle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-200004000-00006","article-title":"External fixation as a bridge to intramedullary nailing for patients with multiple injuries and with femur fractures: damage control orthopedics","volume":"48","author":"Scalea","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B3.16465","article-title":"A review of the management of open fractures of the tibia and femur","volume":"88","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870060-00015","article-title":"Treatment of open tibial-shaft fractures. External fixation and secondary intramedullary nailing","volume":"70","author":"McGraw","year":"1988","journal-title":"JBJS [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198971060-00006","article-title":"Infection after intramedullary nailing of severe open tibial fractures initially treated with external fixation","volume":"71","author":"Maurer","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072050-00013","article-title":"External fixation and delayed intramedullary nailing of open fractures of the tibial shaft. A sequential protocol","volume":"72","author":"Blachut","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-1383(92)90010-P","article-title":"Primary external fixation and secondary intramedullary nailing in the treatment of tibial fractures","volume":"23","author":"Wheelwright","year":"1992","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B3.0790433","article-title":"External fixation and secondary intramedullary nailing of open tibial fractures. A randomised, prospective trial","volume":"79","author":"Antich-Adrover","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br Vol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.10.017","article-title":"Secondary nailing after external fixation for tibial shaft fracture: risk factors for union and infection. A 55 case series","volume":"101","author":"Roussignol","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.85B4.14217","article-title":"Surgical priorities in damage control in polytrauma","volume":"85","author":"Giannoudis","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100050416","article-title":"Pin tract infections: a canine model","volume":"5","author":"Respet","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0260","series-title":"Antibioprophylaxie en chirurgie orthop\u00e9dique et traumatologique [Internet]","author":"SFAR","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1086\/646436","article-title":"CDC definitions of nosocomial surgical site infections, 1992: a modification of CDC definitions of surgical wound infections","volume":"13","author":"Horan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2009.03.005","article-title":"Reducing surgical site infection incidence through a network: results from the French ISO-RAISIN surveillance system","volume":"72","author":"Astagneau","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Hosp Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.83B1.0830062","article-title":"Treatment of open fractures of the shaft of the tibia","volume":"83","author":"Bhandari","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1097\/00005373-199306000-00007","article-title":"Complicated open fractures of the distal tibia treated by secondary interlocking nailing","volume":"34","author":"Wu","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0285","first-page":"555","article-title":"[Secondary locked nailing of the leg after external fixation. 25 cases]","volume":"77","author":"Matsoukis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0290","first-page":"268","article-title":"Risk of deep infection with intramedullary nailing following the use of external fixators","volume":"36","author":"Marshall","year":"1991","journal-title":"J R Coll Surg Edinb"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cis803","article-title":"Infectious Diseases Society of America. Diagnosis and management of prosthetic joint infection: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America","volume":"56","author":"Osmon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"900","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198870060-00015","article-title":"Treatment of open tibial-shaft fractures. External fixation and secondary intramedullary nailing","volume":"70","author":"McGraw","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31823924df","article-title":"Factors influencing functional outcomes after distal tibia shaft fractures","volume":"26","author":"Vallier","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2019.10.010","article-title":"Application of the Radiographic Union Scale for Tibial fractures (RUST): assessment of healing rate and time of tibial fractures managed with intramedullary nailing","volume":"106","author":"Leow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.60B2.350882","article-title":"The biology of fracture healing in long bones","volume":"60\u2013B","author":"McKibbin","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0320","first-page":"137","article-title":"[Secondary internal osteosynthesis after external fixation for recent or old open fracture of the lower limb]","volume":"82","author":"Bernat","year":"1996","journal-title":"Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201312000-00003","article-title":"Early weight bearing after lower extremity fractures in adults","volume":"21","author":"Kubiak","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0330","article-title":"Skeletal muscle wasting with disuse atrophy is multi-dimensional: the response and interaction of myonuclei, satellite cells and signaling pathways","volume":"5","author":"Brooks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front Physiol [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0335","first-page":"91","article-title":"[Muscle atrophy caused by limited mobilisation]","volume":"27","author":"Keller","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sportverletz Sportschaden"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0340","article-title":"Permissive weight bearing in trauma patients with fracture of the lower extremities: prospective multicenter comparative cohort study","volume":"18","author":"Kalmet","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Surg [Internet]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0345","first-page":"102990","article-title":"Contemporary management of aseptic diaphyseal tibia non-unions\u00a0\u2013\u00a0a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Fortuin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.82B7.0820959","article-title":"Fix and flap: the radical orthopaedic and plastic treatment of severe open fractures of the tibia","volume":"82","author":"Gopal","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedics &amp; Traumatology: Surgery &amp; Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877056822002341?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877056822002341?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T03:48:57Z","timestamp":1761796137000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877056822002341"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877056822002341"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-0568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-0568","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Secondary intramedullary nailing for open tibial shaft fractures. Comparison of a one-stage versus two-stage surgical procedure","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2022.103391","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103391"}}