{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T08:06:03Z","timestamp":1792742763553,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,1]],"date-time":"2025-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":366,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,20]],"date-time":"2023-11-20T02:28:47Z","timestamp":1700447327000},"page":"103759","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"S","title":["Distal humerus fracture in older patients: ORIF vs. total elbow arthroplasty"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6808-9270","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Loisel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9505-2193","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yassine","family":"Amar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Severin","family":"Rochet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Obert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2013.11.026","article-title":"An anthropometric study of the distal humerus","volume":"23","author":"Desai","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1097\/00005131-200301000-00006","article-title":"Adult distal humeral metaphyseal fractures: epidemiology and results of treatment","volume":"17","author":"Robinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-15-00683","article-title":"Distal humerus fractures in the elderly population","volume":"25","author":"Varecka","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1007496318884","article-title":"Secular trends in the osteoporotic fractures of the distal humerus in elderly women","volume":"14","author":"Palvanen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102641","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2020.02.022","article-title":"Comparison of double screw fixation versus tension-band fixation after olecranon osteotomy for complex distal humerus fractures","volume":"107","author":"Dumartinet-Gibaud","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0230","first-page":"46","article-title":"Outcome after open reduction and internal fixation of capitellar and trochlear fractures","volume":"88","author":"Dubberley","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0235","article-title":"Comparative study of a Y-anatomical and innovative locking plate versus double plate for supracondylar humeral fracture","author":"Barret","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.08.002","article-title":"Epidemiology of distal humerus fractures in the elderly","volume":"99","author":"Charissoux","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e31821915ae","article-title":"Comparative functional outcome of AO\/OTA type C distal humerus fractures: open injuries do worse than closed fractures","volume":"72","author":"Min","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Trauma Acute Care Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.07.017","article-title":"Is primary total elbow arthroplasty safe for the treatment of open intra-articular distal humerus fractures?","volume":"45","author":"Linn","year":"2014","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(03)00237-0","article-title":"Surgical competence and surgical proficiency: definitions, taxonomy, and metrics","volume":"196","author":"Satava","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.01.003","article-title":"Usefulness and reliability of two- and three-dimensional computed tomography in patients older than 65\u00a0years with distal humerus fractures","volume":"100","author":"Jacquot","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0265","series-title":"La strat\u00e9gie de r\u00e9solution de probl\u00e8mes","author":"Nardone","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-011-1791-4","article-title":"A method to localize the radial nerve using the \u201capex of triceps aponeurosis\u201d as a landmark","volume":"469","author":"Arora","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0275","first-page":"364","article-title":"The t-shaped fracture of the lower end of the humerus","volume":"19","author":"Eastwood","year":"1937","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.97B8.35410","article-title":"Revisiting the \u2018bag of bones\u2019: functional outcome after the conservative management of a fracture of the distal humerus","volume":"97","author":"Aitken","year":"2015","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2015.05.032","article-title":"Functional outcomes of distal humeral fractures managed nonoperatively in medically unwell and lower-demand elderly patients","volume":"24","author":"Desloges","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"903","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.10.001","article-title":"Distal humerus fracture in the elderly: does conservative treatment still have a role?","volume":"99","author":"Pidhorz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.02.004","article-title":"Promising results after the treatment of simple and complex distal humerus type C fractures by angular-stable double-plate osteosynthesis","volume":"99","author":"Schmidt-Horloh\u00e9","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.08.001","article-title":"Outcomes of distal humerus fractures in patients above 65\u00a0years of age treated by plate fixation","volume":"99","author":"Clavert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.12.011","article-title":"Treatment of distal humerus fractures with LCP DHP\u2122 locking plates in patients older than 65\u00a0years","volume":"99","author":"Ducrot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"778","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20528","article-title":"Comparative stability of perpendicular versus parallel double- locking plating systems in osteoporotic comminuted distal humerus fractures","volume":"26","author":"Stoffel","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2009.05.003","article-title":"A clinical comparison of two different double plating methods for intraarticular distal humerus fractures","volume":"19","author":"Shin","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181632cf8","article-title":"Mechanical comparison in cadaver specimens of three different 90-degree double-plate osteosyntheses for simulated C2-type distal humerus fractures with varying bone densities","volume":"22","author":"Schuster","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.04.007","article-title":"Fractures of the distal humerus operated on using the Lambda\u00ae plate: report of 75 cases at 9.5\u00a0years follow-up","volume":"99","author":"Saragaglia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-017-2762-3","article-title":"The challenging surgical treatment of closed distal humerus fractures in elderly and octogenarian patients: radiographic and functional outcomes with a minimum follow-up of 24\u00a0months","volume":"137","author":"Biz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Orthop Trauma Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.06.008","article-title":"The role of total elbow arthroplasty in traumatology","volume":"100","author":"Mansat","year":"2014","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.08.003","article-title":"Total elbow arthroplasty for acute distal humeral fractures in patients over 65 years old\u00a0\u2013\u00a0results of a multicenter study in 87 patients","volume":"99","author":"Mansat","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2012.10.010","article-title":"Complex fractures of the distal humerus in the elderly: is primary total elbow arthroplasty a valid treatment alternative? A series of 20 cases","volume":"99","author":"Ducrot","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2017.06.009","article-title":"First-line management of distal humerus fracture by total elbow arthroplasty in geriatric traumatology: results in a 21-patient series at a minimum 2years\u2019 follow-up","volume":"103","author":"Lami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.104B5.BJJ-2021-1207.R2","article-title":"Hemiarthroplasty or total elbow arthroplasty for unreconstructable distal humeral fractures in patients aged over 65\u00a0years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of patient outcomes and complications","volume":"104","author":"Burden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2013.10.002","article-title":"Distal humerus fractures in patients over 65: complications & (SOFCOT)","volume":"99","author":"Obert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0365","first-page":"1397","article-title":"Incidence, management, and prognosis of early ulnar nerve dysfunction in type C fractures of distal humerus","volume":"67","author":"Ruan","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e3181c99246","article-title":"Is ulnar nerve transposition beneficial during open reduction internal fixation of distal humerus fractures?","volume":"24","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e838","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-18-00510","article-title":"Management of iatrogenic nerve injuries","volume":"27","author":"Pulos","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2012.05.040","article-title":"Risk factors for development of heterotopic ossification of the elbow after fracture fixation","volume":"21","author":"Abrams","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2014.10.021","article-title":"Clinically relevant heterotopic ossification after elbow fracture surgery: a risk factors study","volume":"101","author":"Hong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0390","series-title":"Decision making in orthopaedic trauma","first-page":"46","article-title":"Distal humerus fracture","author":"Toogood","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jse.2005.08.001","article-title":"A clinically applicable fracture classification for distal humeral fractures","volume":"15","author":"Davies","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Shoulder Elbow Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2022.11.015","article-title":"Choice of treatments of the coronal shear fractures of the humerus. A national survey of Italian AO members","volume":"54","author":"Vicenti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Injury"}],"container-title":["Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877056823003079?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1877056823003079?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T03:51:30Z","timestamp":1761796290000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1877056823003079"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1877056823003079"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759","relation":{},"ISSN":["1877-0568"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1877-0568","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Distal humerus fracture in older patients: ORIF vs. total elbow arthroplasty","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.otsr.2023.103759","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Elsevier Masson SAS.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103759"}}