{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T11:05:40Z","timestamp":1793963140178,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,1]],"date-time":"2022-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1646092800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11674249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11674249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11704188"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11704188"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["11827808"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11827808"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12034015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12034015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61971227"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61971227"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62031018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62031018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81702962"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81702962"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2017YFC0111400"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC0111400"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012247","name":"Program of Shanghai Academic Research Leader","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21XD1403600"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21XD1403600"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012247","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photoacoustics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T12:36:18Z","timestamp":1639485378000},"page":"100320","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Characterization of multi-biomarkers for bone health assessment based on photoacoustic physicochemical analysis method"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Feng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yejing","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiya","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingna","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dean","family":"Ta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib1","first-page":"142","article-title":"New perspectives in echographic diagnosis of osteoporosis on hip and spine","volume":"12","author":"Casciaro","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Cases Miner. Bone Metab."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-011-0060-5","article-title":"A review of osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment options in new and recently updated guidelines on case finding around the world","volume":"9","author":"Leslie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Osteoporos. Rep."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2019.2947755","article-title":"Mechanisms of interaction of ultrasound with cancellous bone: a review","volume":"67","author":"Wear","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultras.2011.11.008","article-title":"Relative contributions of porosity and mineralized matrix properties to the bulk axial ultrasonic wave velocity in human cortical bone","volume":"52","author":"Grondin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ultrasonics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1007\/s10396-015-0617-5","article-title":"Estimation of in vivo cortical bone thickness using ultrasonic waves","volume":"42","author":"Mano","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Med. Ultrason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib6","volume":"41","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib7","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5043385","article-title":"Ultrasonic backscatter difference measurements of cancellous bone from the human femur: Relation to bone mineral density and microstructure","volume":"143","author":"Hoffmeister","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2016.11.015","article-title":"Fast triple-spin-echo dixon (FTSED) sequence for water and fat imaging","volume":"37","author":"Korinek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2015.11.009","article-title":"Bone marrow lipid profiles from peripheral skeleton as potential biomarkers for osteoporosis: a 1H-MR spectroscopy study","volume":"23","author":"Di Pietro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acad. Radiol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.1117\/1.1691029","article-title":"Optical biopsy of bone tissue: a step toward the diagnosis of bone pathologies","volume":"9","author":"Pifferi","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1117\/1.JBO.22.4.041006","article-title":"Recent advances toward preclinical and clinical translation of photoacoustic tomography: a review","volume":"22","author":"Upputuri","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Biomed. Opt."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt839","article-title":"Noninvasive laser-induced photoacoustic tomography for structural and functional in vivo imaging of the brain","volume":"21","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"issue":"6075","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1216210","article-title":"Photoacoustic tomography: in vivo imaging from organelles to organs","volume":"335","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/9853609","article-title":"Dual-modality X-ray-induced radiation acoustic and ultrasound imaging for real-time monitoring of radiotherapy","volume":"2020","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"BME Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2019.100144","article-title":"A review of clinical photoacoustic imaging: Current and future trends - ScienceDirect","volume":"16","author":"Attia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2020.100215","article-title":"Review of deep learning for photoacoustic imaging","volume":"21","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib18","first-page":"46","article-title":"The application of backscattered ultrasound and photoacoustic signals for assessment of bone collagen and mineral contents","volume":"5","author":"Lashkari","year":"2015","journal-title":"Quant. Imaging Med. Surg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1007\/s10765-014-1701-6","article-title":"Bone composition diagnostics: photoacoustics versus ultrasound","volume":"36","author":"Yang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. J. Thermophys."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.saa.2012.10.062","article-title":"Photoacoustic FTIR spectroscopic study of undisturbed human cortical bone","volume":"103","author":"Gu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Spectrochim. Acta A Mol. Biomol. Spectrosc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2019.01.003","article-title":"Photoacoustic-based oxygen saturation assessment of murine femoral bone marrow in a preclinical model of leukemia","volume":"14","author":"Wood","year":"2019","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1721","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.40.001721","article-title":"Bone assessment via thermal photoacoustic measurements","volume":"40","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"issue":"19","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25217","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.23.025217","article-title":"Characterization of bone microstructure using photoacoustic spectrum analysis","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100259","article-title":"Wavelet transform-based photoacoustic time-frequency spectral analysis for bone assessment","volume":"22","author":"Xie","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100296","article-title":"Detection of collagen by multi-wavelength photoacoustic analysis as a biomarker for bone health assessment.","volume":"24","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8214","DOI":"10.3390\/app10228214","article-title":"Bone chemical composition assessment with multi-wavelength photoacoustic analysis","volume":"10","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.34133\/2020\/1081540","article-title":"Functional photoacoustic and ultrasonic assessment of osteoporosis \u2013 a clinical feasibility study","volume":"2020","author":"Feng","year":"2020","journal-title":"BME Front."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100273","article-title":"The feasibility study of the transmission mode photoacoustic measurement of human calcaneus bone in vivo","volume":"23","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Photoacoustics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1473","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2015.01.010","article-title":"Photoacoustic spectrum analysis for microstructure characterization in biological tissue: analytical model","volume":"41","author":"Xu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2195024","article-title":"Photoacoustic imaging in biomedicine","volume":"77","author":"Xu","year":"2006","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Instrum."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib31","article-title":"High resolution physio-chemical tissue analysis: towards non-invasive in vivo biopsy","volume":"6","author":"Xu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R37","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/58\/11\/R37","article-title":"Optical properties of biological tissues: a review","volume":"58","author":"Jacques","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.13130777","article-title":"The functional pitch of an organ: quantification of tissue texture with photoacoustic spectrum analysis","volume":"271","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2951","DOI":"10.1364\/OL.44.002951","article-title":"Quantification of number density of random microstructure from a photoacoustic signal by using Nakagami statistics","volume":"44.12","author":"Gao","year":"2019","journal-title":"Opt. Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib35","article-title":"Quantitative photoacoustic examination of abnormal particles hidden in a mixture of particles with non-uniform sizes.","volume":"23.25","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Opt. Express"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.3109\/17453674.2010.483986","article-title":"Characterization of a rabbit osteoporosis model induced by ovariectomy and glucocorticoid","volume":"81","author":"Baofeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Acta Orthop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1235","DOI":"10.1007\/s00256-013-1659-7","article-title":"The temporal characterization of marrow lipids and adipocytes in a rabbit model of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis.","volume":"42.9","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Skelet. Radiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib38","article-title":"Marrow fat and the bone microenvironment: developmental, functional, and pathological implications","volume":"19","author":"Rosen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Crit. ReviewsTM Eukaryot. Gene Expr."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.06.016","article-title":"Bone marrow fat has brown adipose tissue characteristics, which are attenuated with aging and diabetes","volume":"50","author":"Krings","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2014.02.013","article-title":"Bone marrow fat","volume":"81","author":"Hardouin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jt. Bone Spine"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/app11010019","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided detection and segmentation of photoacoustic signals from bone tissue in vivo","volume":"11","author":"Feng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."}],"container-title":["Photoacoustics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213597921000793?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2213597921000793?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T09:15:42Z","timestamp":1761988542000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2213597921000793"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["S2213597921000793"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320","relation":{},"ISSN":["2213-5979"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2213-5979","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Characterization of multi-biomarkers for bone health assessment based on photoacoustic physicochemical analysis method","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Photoacoustics","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pacs.2021.100320","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100320"}}