{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T20:02:26Z","timestamp":1785787346355,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,5,8]],"date-time":"2004-05-08T04:09:36Z","timestamp":1083989376000},"page":"578-587","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Role of TNF-alpha in sensitization of nociceptive dorsal horn neurons induced by application of nucleus pulposus to L5 dorsal root ganglion in rats"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"M J.","family":"Cuellar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X P.","family":"Montesano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Carstens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E50","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200202010-00003","article-title":"Epidural application of nucleus pulposus enhances nociresponses of rat dorsal horn neurons.","volume":"27","author":"Anzai","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R2-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.3.1021","article-title":"Structural changes of tumor necrosis factor alpha associated with membrane insertion and channel formation.","volume":"93","author":"Baldwin","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R3-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.47B3.574","article-title":"Auto-immune response to nucleus pulposus in the rabbit.","volume":"47B","author":"Bobechko","year":"1965","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"R4-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199072030-00013","article-title":"Abnormal magnetic-resonance scans of the lumbar spine in asymptomatic subjects. A prospective investigation.","volume":"72","author":"Boden","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"R5-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(00)29031-6","article-title":"Altered spinal processing in animal models of radicular and neuropathic pain (Chapter 30).","volume":"129","author":"Carstens","year":"2000","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"R6-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199502000-00004","article-title":"Characterization of thermal hyperalgesia, c-fos expression, and alterations in neuropeptides after mechanical irritation of the dorsal root ganglion (Discussion 290).","volume":"20","author":"Chatani","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R7-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199705010-00003","article-title":"A model for chronic nerve root compression studies. Presentation of a porcine model for controlled, slow-onset compression with analyses of anatomic aspects, compression onset rate, and morphologic and neurophysiologic effects.","volume":"22","author":"Cornefjord","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R10-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199601150-00015","article-title":"Immunohistologic study of the ruptured intervertebral disc of the lumbar spine.","volume":"21","author":"Doita","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R11-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31200-1","article-title":"In vitro inhibition of leucocyte migration in patients with intervertebral disc lesions.","volume":"6","author":"Elves","year":"1975","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"R13-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(90)90155-9","article-title":"Automatic classification and analysis of microneurographic spike data using a PCAT.","volume":"31","author":"Forster","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Neurosci Methods"},{"key":"R14-11-20210126","first-page":"217","article-title":"Lumbar disk disease: epidemiology.","volume":"41","author":"Frymoyer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"R15-11-20210126","first-page":"109","article-title":"Predicting disability from low back pain.","volume":"101-","author":"Frymoyer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R16-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31652-7","article-title":"An overview of the incidences and costs of low back pain.","volume":"22","author":"Frymoyer","year":"1991","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"R17-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31201-3","article-title":"Autoimmunity in degenerative disc disease of the lumbar spine.","volume":"6","author":"Gertzbein","year":"1975","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"R18-11-20210126","first-page":"154","article-title":"The stimulation of lymphocytes by nucleus pulposus in patients with degenerative disk disease of the lumbar spine.","volume":"149-","author":"Gertzbein","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R19-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2744","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199412150-00002","article-title":"A controlled immunohistochemical study of inflammatory cells in disc herniation tissue.","volume":"19","author":"Gronblad","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R20-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2531","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199611150-00001","article-title":"A controlled biochemical and immunohistochemical study of human synovial-type (group II) phospholipase A2 and inflammatory cells in macroscopically normal, degenerated, and herniated human lumbar disc tissues.","volume":"21","author":"Gronblad","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R21-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1864","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199608150-00005","article-title":"Immunocytochemical localization of immunoglobulins in disc herniations.","volume":"21","author":"Habtemariam","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R22-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1647","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199607150-00006","article-title":"Upregulated expression of chemokines in herniated nucleus pulposus resorption.","volume":"21","author":"Haro","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R23-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1206","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200005150-00003","article-title":"Spinal glial activation and cytokine expression after lumbar root injury in the rat.","volume":"25","author":"Hashizume","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R24-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.41.3.251","article-title":"Lumbar disc syndrome in Finland.","volume":"41","author":"Heliovaara","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"R25-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.3109\/07853898909149216","article-title":"Descriptive epidemiology and public health aspects of low back pain.","volume":"21","author":"Heliovaara","year":"1989","journal-title":"Ann Med"},{"key":"R26-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.3109\/17453675208989006","article-title":"Studies on structural changes in the lumbar annulus fibrosis.","volume":"22","author":"Hirsch","year":"1952","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R27-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1968.28.3.0204","article-title":"Abnormal myelograms in asymptomatic patients.","volume":"28","author":"Hitselberger","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R28-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00404-3","article-title":"A comparison of chronic pain behavior following local application of tumor necrosis factor alpha to the normal and mechanically compressed lumbar ganglia in the rat.","volume":"95","author":"Homma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R29-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200012010-00003","article-title":"Volvo Award winner in basic science studies: exogenous tumor necrosis factor-alpha mimics nucleus pulposus-induced neuropathology. Molecular, histologic, and behavioral comparisons in rats.","volume":"25","author":"Igarashi","year":"2000","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R30-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199601150-00014","article-title":"Histologic evidence of absorption of sequestration-type herniated disc.","volume":"21","author":"Ito","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R32-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(99)00262-6","article-title":"Nociceptive and inflammatory effects of subcutaneous TNFalpha.","volume":"85","author":"Junger","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R33-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1371890","article-title":"Formation of ion-permeable channels by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.","volume":"255","author":"Kagan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"R34-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199601010-00001","article-title":"Immunohistochemical study of matrix metalloproteinase-3 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 human intervertebral discs.","volume":"21","author":"Kanemoto","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R35-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199602010-00003","article-title":"Herniated lumbar intervertebral discs spontaneously produce matrix metalloproteinases, nitric oxide, interleukin-6, and prostaglandin E2.","volume":"21","author":"Kang","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R36-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1795","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199408150-00002","article-title":"Experimental lumbar radiculopathy. Behavioral and histologic changes in a model of radicular pain after spinal nerve root irritation with chromic gut ligatures in the rat.","volume":"19","author":"Kawakami","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R37-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199408150-00001","article-title":"Experimental lumbar radiculopathy: immunohistochemical and quantitative demonstrations of pain induced by lumbar nerve root irritation of the rat.","volume":"19","author":"Kawakami","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R38-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2101","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199609150-00009","article-title":"Pathomechanism of pain-related behavior produced by allografts of intervertebral disc in the rat.","volume":"21","author":"Kawakami","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R39-11-20210126","first-page":"241","article-title":"Possible mechanism of painful radiculopathy in lumbar disc herniation.","volume":"23","author":"Kawakami","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R40-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170620","article-title":"mRNA expression of interleukins, phospholipase A2, and nitric oxide synthase in the nerve root and dorsal root ganglion induced by autologous nucleus pulposus in the rat.","volume":"17","author":"Kawakami","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"R41-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100180214","article-title":"Mechanical compression of the lumbar nerve root alters pain-related behaviors induced by the nucleus pulposus in the rat.","volume":"18","author":"Kawakami","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"R42-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200007000-00035","article-title":"Role of leukocytes in radicular pain secondary to herniated nucleus pulposus.","volume":"26","author":"Kawakami","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R43-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(00)90032-9","article-title":"Roles of thromboxane A2 and leukotriene B4 in radicular pain induced by herniated nucleus pulposus.","volume":"19","author":"Kawakami","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"R44-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2539","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199611150-00002","article-title":"Incision of the anulus fibrosus induces nerve root morphologic, vascular, and functional changes. An experimental study.","volume":"21","author":"Kayama","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R45-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2155","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199810150-00002","article-title":"Cultured, autologous nucleus pulposus cells induce functional changes in spinal nerve roots.","volume":"23","author":"Kayama","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R46-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"355","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90041-9","article-title":"An experimental model for peripheral neuropathy produced by segmental spinal nerve ligation in the rat.","volume":"50","author":"Kim","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R47-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1223","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199506000-00002","article-title":"Intermittent cauda equina compression. An experimental study of the porcine cauda equina with analyses of nerve impulse conduction properties.","volume":"20","author":"Konno","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R48-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31644-8","article-title":"The tissue origin of low back pain and sciatica: a report of pain response to tissue stimulation during operations on the lumbar spine using local anesthesia.","volume":"22","author":"Kuslich","year":"1991","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"R49-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199806010-00001","article-title":"The role of steroids and their effects on phospholipase A2. An animal model of radiculopathy (See comments).","volume":"23","author":"Lee","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R50-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.3109\/17453676608989427","article-title":"Hyperalgesia of the lumbar nerve roots in sciatica.","volume":"37","author":"Lindahl","year":"1966","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand"},{"key":"R51-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1393","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1393","article-title":"Increased sensitivity of sensory neurons to tumor necrosis factor alpha in rats with chronic compression of the lumbar ganglia.","volume":"88","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R52-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(01)02274-0","article-title":"Ion channels associated with the ectopic discharges generated after segmental spinal nerve injury in the rat.","volume":"900","author":"Liu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R53-11-20210126","first-page":"67","article-title":"Chemical radiculitis. A clinical, physiological and immunological study.","volume":"61-","author":"Marshall","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"R54-11-20210126","first-page":"69","article-title":"Possible chemical contribution from chromic gut sutures produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man (Published erratum appears in Pain 1993;55(1):131-4, see comments).","volume":"57-","author":"Maves","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R55-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)11722-9","article-title":"Continuous infusion of acidified saline around the rat sciatic nerve produces thermal hyperalgesia.","volume":"194","author":"Maves","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R56-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90004-4","article-title":"Neurophysiological characterization of the anterolateral spinal cord neurons contributing to pain perception in man.","volume":"1","author":"Mayer","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R57-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198710000-00009","article-title":"The inflammatory effect of nucleus pulposus. A possible element in the pathogenesis of low-back pain.","volume":"12","author":"McCarron","year":"1987","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R58-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0030-5898(20)31199-8","article-title":"Enzymic and immunological activity in the intervertebral disk.","volume":"6","author":"Naylor","year":"1975","journal-title":"Orthop Clin N Am"},{"key":"R59-11-20210126","first-page":"1655","article-title":"Prostaglandin E2 content in herniated lumbar disc disease (Discussion 1655-6).","volume":"1653-","author":"ODonnell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R60-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2538","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199812010-00008","article-title":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha and nucleus-pulposus-induced nerve root injury.","volume":"23","author":"Olmarker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R61-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00119-5","article-title":"Pathogenesis of sciatic pain: role of herniated nucleus pulposus and deformation of spinal nerve root and dorsal root ganglion.","volume":"78","author":"Olmarker","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R62-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"863","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200104150-00007","article-title":"Selective inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha prevents nucleus pulposus-induced thrombus formation, intraneural edema, and reduction of nerve conduction velocity: possible implications for future pharmacologic treatment strategies of sciatica.","volume":"26","author":"Olmarker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R63-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1425","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199318110-00005","article-title":"Autologous nucleus pulposus induces neurophysiologic and histologic changes in porcine cauda equina nerve roots.","volume":"18","author":"Olmarker","year":"1993","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R64-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1803","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199408150-00003","article-title":"Effects of methylprednisolone on nucleus pulposus-induced nerve root injury.","volume":"19","author":"Olmarker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R65-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199503150-00006","article-title":"Inflammatogenic properties of nucleus pulposus.","volume":"20","author":"Olmarker","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R66-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199703010-00001","article-title":"The effects of normal, frozen, and hyaluronidase-digested nucleus pulposus on nerve root structure and function (Discussion 476).","volume":"22","author":"Olmarker","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R67-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199602150-00002","article-title":"Ultrastructural changes in spinal nerve roots induced by autologous nucleus pulposus.","volume":"21","author":"Olmarker","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R68-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200206150-00013","article-title":"Pathogenesis of sciatic pain: a study of spontaneous behavior in rats exposed to experimental disc herniation.","volume":"27","author":"Olmarker","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R69-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000083162.35476.FF","article-title":"Changes in spontaneous behavior in rats exposed to experimental disc herniation are blocked by selective TNF-alpha inhibition.","volume":"28","author":"Olmarker","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R70-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1618","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200208010-00005","article-title":"Exogenous tumor necrosis factor-alpha induces abnormal discharges in rat dorsal horn neurons (Discussion 1624).","volume":"27","author":"Onda","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R71-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000061984.08703.0C","article-title":"Effects of neutralizing antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha on nucleus pulposus-induced abnormal nociresponses in rat dorsal horn neurons.","volume":"28","author":"Onda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R72-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2894","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199712150-00012","article-title":"Experimental disc herniation: evaluation of the natural course.","volume":"22","author":"Otani","year":"1997","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R73-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-002-0430-x","article-title":"Dorsal root sensitivity to interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor in rats.","volume":"11","author":"Ozaktay","year":"2002","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"R74-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.2002.7871","article-title":"TNFalpha transport across the blood-brain barrier is abolished in receptor knockout mice.","volume":"174","author":"Pan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R75-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2125","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200210010-00009","article-title":"The pattern of interleukin-12 and T-helper types 1 and 2 cytokine expression in herniated lumbar disc tissue.","volume":"27","author":"Park","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R76-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(75)90005-6","article-title":"Neurophysiological characterization of the anterolateral quadrant neurons subserving pain in M. Mulatta.","volume":"1","author":"Price","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R77-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(01)00433-X","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-8 induce persistent mechanical nociceptor hypersensitivity.","volume":"96","author":"Sachs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R78-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2386","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199511001-00003","article-title":"A model for acute, chronic, and delayed graded compression of the dog cauda equina. Neurophysiologic and histologic changes induced by acute, graded compression.","volume":"20","author":"Sato","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R79-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02077-8","article-title":"Combined epineurial therapy with neutralizing antibodies to tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1 receptor has an additive effect in reducing neuropathic pain in mice.","volume":"310","author":"Schafers","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R80-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3028","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-07-03028.2003","article-title":"Increased sensitivity of injured and adjacent uninjured rat primary sensory neurons to exogenous tumor necrosis factor-alpha after spinal nerve ligation.","volume":"23","author":"Schafers","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R81-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(02)00010-1","article-title":"alpha transport from rat dorsal root ganglion to spinal cord and injured sciatic nerve.","volume":"320","author":"Shubayev","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R82-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1401","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-195840060-00016","article-title":"Sciatica and the intervertebral disc: an experimental study.","volume":"40","author":"Smyth","year":"1958","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg"},{"key":"R83-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1998.6797","article-title":"Hyperalgesia in experimental neuropathy is dependent on the TNF receptor 1.","volume":"151","author":"Sommer","year":"1998","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R84-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3347","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.82.6.3347","article-title":"Mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia and ectopic neuronal discharge after chronic compression of dorsal root ganglia.","volume":"82","author":"Song","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"R85-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1529-8027.2000.00012.x","article-title":"Epineurial application of TNF elicits an acute mechanical hyperalgesia in the awake rat.","volume":"5","author":"Sorkin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Peripher Nerv Syst"},{"key":"R86-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00147-4","article-title":"Tumour necrosis factor-alpha induces ectopic activity in nociceptive primary afferent fibres.","volume":"81","author":"Sorkin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R87-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00243-7","article-title":"Behavioral manifestations of neuropathic pain and mechanical allodynia, and changes in spinal dorsal horn neurons, following L4-L6 dorsal root constriction in rats.","volume":"80","author":"Tabo","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R88-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"218","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199601150-00011","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines in the herniated disc of the lumbar spine.","volume":"21","author":"Takahashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R89-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(96)03116-8","article-title":"Dermatomes in the rat limbs as determined by antidromic stimulation of sensory C-fibers in spinal nerves.","volume":"67","author":"Takahashi","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R90-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(94)90422-7","article-title":"Dermatome mapping in the rat hindlimb by electrical stimulation of the spinal nerves.","volume":"168","author":"Takahashi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R91-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2443","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199411000-00014","article-title":"Thermal deficit in lumbar radiculopathy. Correlations with pain and neurologic signs and its value for assessing symptomatic severity (Discussion 2449-50).","volume":"19","author":"Takahashi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R92-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1995.82.6.1030","article-title":"Mapping of dermatomes of the lower extremities based on an animal model.","volume":"82","author":"Takahashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R93-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200104150-00018","article-title":"Effect of nucleus pulposus on the neural activity of dorsal root ganglion.","volume":"26","author":"Takebayashi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R94-11-20210126","first-page":"397","article-title":"Experimental autoimmune spondylodiscitis in rats.","volume":"13","author":"Takenaka","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"R95-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.740457.x","article-title":"Inflammatory cytokines: neuromodulators in normal brain?","volume":"74","author":"Vitkovic","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R96-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2820","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199612150-00002","article-title":"Low back pain: a twentieth century health care enigma.","volume":"21","author":"Waddell","year":"1996","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R97-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199611250-00018","article-title":"Endoneurial injection of TNF-alpha produces neuropathic pain behaviors.","volume":"7","author":"Wagner","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"R98-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(00)01854-3","article-title":"Glial activation: a driving force for pathological pain.","volume":"24","author":"Watkins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R99-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-198409000-00003","article-title":"A study of computer-assisted tomography. I. The incidence of positive CAT scans in an asymptomatic group of patients.","volume":"9","author":"Wiesel","year":"1984","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R101-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(02)00202-3","article-title":"Long-term potentiation in spinothalamic neurons.","volume":"40","author":"Willis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Res Brain Res Rev"},{"key":"R102-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.2000","article-title":"Nerve injury proximal or distal to the DRG induces similar spinal glial activation and selective cytokine expression but differential behavioral responses to pharmacologic treatment.","volume":"439","author":"Winkelstein","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"R103-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200201010-00009","article-title":"The role of mechanical deformation in lumbar radiculopathy: an in vivo model.","volume":"27","author":"Winkelstein","year":"2002","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R104-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200104150-00008","article-title":"Prevention of compartment syndrome in dorsal root ganglia caused by exposure to nucleus pulposus.","volume":"26","author":"Yabuki","year":"2001","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"R105-11-20210126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2002.88.3.1387","article-title":"Acute topical application of tumor necrosis factor alpha evokes protein kinase A-dependent responses in rat sensory neurons.","volume":"88","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006396-200408000-00011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T19:07:56Z","timestamp":1785784076000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/00006396-200408000-00011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.029","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3959","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8]]}}}