{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T09:39:20Z","timestamp":1773308360100,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,1]],"date-time":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1259625600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MSHE","award":["NN405 375937"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NN405 375937"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.09.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,9,26]],"date-time":"2009-09-26T08:48:59Z","timestamp":1253954939000},"page":"175-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Glial inhibitors influence the mRNA and protein levels of mGlu2\/3, 5 and 7 receptors and potentiate the analgesic effects of their ligands in a mouse model of neuropathic pain"],"prefix":"10.1097","volume":"147","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Osikowicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malgorzata","family":"Skup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Mika","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wioletta","family":"Makuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julita","family":"Czarkowska-Bauch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Przewlocka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.1998.15.929","article-title":"Role of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in traumatic spinal cord white matter injury.","volume":"15","author":"Agrawal","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma"},{"key":"R2-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(95)00886-U","article-title":"Blockade of both epileptogenesis and glutamate release by (1S,3S)-ACPD, a presynaptic glutamate receptor agonist.","volume":"698","author":"Attwell","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R3-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)00442-4","article-title":"In vivo inhibition of veratridine-evoked release of striatal excitatory amino acids by the group II metabotropic glutamate receptor agonist LY354740 in rats.","volume":"229","author":"Battaglia","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R4-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(88)90209-6","article-title":"A peripheral mononeuropathy in rat that produces disorders of pain sensation like those seen in man.","volume":"33","author":"Bennett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R5-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1671","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.1999.721671.x","article-title":"Expression and signaling of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors in astrocytes and microglia.","volume":"72","author":"Biber","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R6-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2005.01.088","article-title":"Glutamate uptake is attenuated in spinal deep dorsal and ventral horn in the rat spinal nerve ligation model.","volume":"1041","author":"Binns","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R8-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"800","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)39139-6","article-title":"Neuroprotective effects of LY379268, a selective mGlu23 receptor agonist: investigations into possible mechanism of action in vivo.","volume":"294","author":"Bond","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"R9-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(97)00246-7","article-title":"Enhanced expression of metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 messenger RNA in the rat spinal cord during ultraviolet irradiation induced peripheral inflammation.","volume":"82","author":"Boxall","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R10-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf133","article-title":"Targeting leukocyte MMPs and transmigration: minocycline as a potential therapy for multiple sclerosis.","volume":"125","author":"Brundula","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"R11-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9594","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-23-09594.1998","article-title":"Neuroprotection by glial metabotropic glutamate receptors is mediated by transforming growth factor-beta.","volume":"18","author":"Bruno","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R14-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199712)21:4<390::AID-GLIA6>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"Opposite influence of the metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes mGlu3 and 5 on astrocyte proliferation in culture.","volume":"21","author":"Ciccarelli","year":"1997","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"R15-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.131.4.1396328","article-title":"Alteration in the expression of GLUT-1 and GLUT-4 protein and messenger RNA levels in denervated rat muscles.","volume":"131","author":"Coderre","year":"1992","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"R16-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7065","article-title":"The effect of site and type of nerve injury on spinal glial activation and neuropathic pain behavior.","volume":"157","author":"Colburn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Exp Neurol"},{"key":"R17-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-1136(199805)23:1<75::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO;2-3","article-title":"Partial peripheral nerve injury leads to activation of astroglia and microglia which parallels the development of allodynic behavior.","volume":"23","author":"Coyle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"R18-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00490-5","article-title":"The role of neuroinflammation and neuroimmune activation in persistent pain.","volume":"90","author":"DeLeo","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R19-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(03)01342-6","article-title":"Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors modulate glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid release in the periaqueductal grey of rats.","volume":"462","author":"de Novellis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R20-30-20210227","first-page":"475","article-title":"Radiofrequency denervation with or without addition of pentoxifylline or methylprednisolone for chronic lumbar zygapophysial joint pain.","volume":"57","author":"Dobrogowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pharmacol Rep"},{"key":"R21-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1566","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ANE.0000113235.88534.48","article-title":"The effects of local pentoxifylline and propentofylline treatment on formalin induced pain and tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA levels in the inflamed tissue of the rat paw.","volume":"98","author":"Dorazil-Dudzik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R22-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2073","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00626.x","article-title":"Activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 by metabotropic glutamate receptors.","volume":"11","author":"Ferraguti","year":"1999","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R23-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)91729-K","article-title":"Staining of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in lumbar spinal cord increases following a sciatic nerve constriction injury.","volume":"565","author":"Garrison","year":"1991","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R24-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3908(99)00082-9","article-title":"2-Methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP), a potent, selective and systemically active mGlu5 receptor antagonist.","volume":"38","author":"Gasparini","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R25-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2481","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05873.x","article-title":"Neuroprotectant minocycline depresses glutamatergic neurotransmission and Ca(2) signalling in hippocampal neurons.","volume":"26","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R27-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2660","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-07-02660.2002","article-title":"Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 upregulation in A-fibers after spinal nerve injury: 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) reverses the induced cold hyperalgesia.","volume":"22","author":"Hudson","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R28-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(80)90515-4","article-title":"Intrathecal morphine in mice: a new technique.","volume":"67","author":"Hylden","year":"1980","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R29-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1038\/16040","article-title":"Nociceptive-specific activation of ERK in spinal neurons contributes to pain hypersensitivity.","volume":"2","author":"Ji","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"R30-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2005.05.008","article-title":"Analgesic effects of the selective group II (mGlu23) metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists LY379268 and LY389795 in persistent and inflammatory pain models after acute and repeated dosing.","volume":"49","author":"Jones","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"R31-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4000961","article-title":"4th. Metabotropic glutamate receptors on peripheral sensory neuron terminals as targets for the development of novel analgesics.","volume":"6","author":"Karim","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"R32-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-2236(96)10049-7","article-title":"Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS.","volume":"19","author":"Kreutzberg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Trends Neurosci"},{"key":"R33-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.02.009","article-title":"Minocycline attenuates mechanical allodynia and proinflammatory cytokine expression in rat models of pain facilitation.","volume":"115","author":"Ledeboer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R34-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(97)13429-2","article-title":"Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: an electron microscope study in the rat.","volume":"223","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R35-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.02.006","article-title":"Spinal glutamate uptake is critical for maintaining normal sensory transmission in rat spinal cord.","volume":"115","author":"Liaw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R36-30-20210227","first-page":"209","article-title":"Chronic intrathecal infusion of minocycline prevents the development of spinal-nerve ligation-induced pain in rats.","volume":"32","author":"Lin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Reg Anesth Pain Med"},{"key":"R37-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2006.11.022","article-title":"Pentoxifylline attenuates the development of hyperalgesia in a rat model of neuropathic pain.","volume":"412","author":"Liu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R38-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"210","DOI":"10.1097\/00024382-199503000-00009","article-title":"Pentoxifylline improves survival and reduces tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6, and endothelin-1 in fulminant intraabdominal sepsis in rats.","volume":"3","author":"Lundblad","year":"1995","journal-title":"Shock"},{"key":"R39-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00097-0","article-title":"Partial sciatic nerve ligation induces increase in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in astrocytes in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn and the gracile nucleus.","volume":"99","author":"Ma","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R40-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn1700","article-title":"Role of the immune system in chronic pain.","volume":"6","author":"Marchand","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"R41-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(92)90846-2","article-title":"Substance P stimulates IL-1 production by astrocytes via intracellular calcium.","volume":"599","author":"Martin","year":"1992","journal-title":"Brain Res"},{"key":"R43-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.02.015","article-title":"Interleukin-1alpha has antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic activities in a rat neuropathic pain model.","volume":"138","author":"Mika","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R44-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.01.013","article-title":"Minocycline and pentoxifylline attenuate allodynia and hyperalgesia and potentiate the effects of morphine in rat and mouse models of neuropathic pain.","volume":"560","author":"Mika","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R45-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3067","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-200009280-00007","article-title":"AIDA reduces glutamate release and attenuates mechanical allodynia after spinal cord injury.","volume":"11","author":"Mills","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"R46-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18712","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0508063102","article-title":"A selective metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 agonist: activation of receptor signaling via an allosteric site modulates stress parameters in vivo.","volume":"102","author":"Mitsukawa","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R47-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1337","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2006.03808.x","article-title":"Direct evidence for spinal cord microglia in the development of a neuropathic pain-like state in mice.","volume":"97","author":"Narita","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R48-30-20210227","first-page":"262","article-title":"Pentoxifylline in vivo down-regulates the release of IL-1, IL-6, IL-8 and tumour necrosis factor-alfa by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.","volume":"83","author":"Neuner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Immunology"},{"key":"R49-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(95)12207-9","article-title":"Presynaptic localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in the primary afferent neurons: an immunohistochemical study in the rat.","volume":"202","author":"Ohishi","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"R50-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1009","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(93)90485-X","article-title":"Distribution of the messenger RNA for a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR2, in the central nervous system of the rat.","volume":"53","author":"Ohishi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R51-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.03.017","article-title":"Glutamate receptor ligands attenuate allodynia and hyperalgesia and potentiate morphine effects in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.","volume":"139","author":"Osikowicz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R53-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(95)00533-1","article-title":"The metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluR2 and mGluR3, show unique postsynaptic, presynaptic and glial localizations.","volume":"71","author":"Petralia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R54-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(93)90063-5","article-title":"Glutamate uptake by astrocytes is inhibited by reactive oxygen intermediates but not by other macrophage-derived molecules including cytokines, leukotrienes or platelet-activating factor.","volume":"48","author":"Piani","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Neuroimmunol"},{"key":"R55-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2005.12.023","article-title":"Activation of glia and microglial p38 MAPK in medullary dorsal horn contributes to tactile hypersensitivity following trigeminal sensory nerve injury.","volume":"121","author":"Piao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R56-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00297-4","article-title":"Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 mediates the potentiation of N-methyl-d-aspartate responses in medium spiny striatal neurons.","volume":"106","author":"Pisani","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R57-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03514.x","article-title":"Complete Freunds adjuvant-induced peripheral inflammation evokes glial activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the CNS.","volume":"20","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"R58-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"655","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(03)00138-6","article-title":"Anti-hyperalgesic and morphine-sparing actions of propentofylline following peripheral nerve injury in rats: mechanistic implications of spinal glia and proinflammatory cytokines.","volume":"104","author":"Raghavendra","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R59-30-20210227","first-page":"283","article-title":"The role of ERKMAPK in spinal glia for neuropathic pain: signal transduction in spinal microglia and astrocytes after nerve injury.","volume":"269-","author":"Ru-Rong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Immune and glial regulation of pain"},{"key":"R60-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704583","article-title":"Systemic pre-treatment with a group II mGlu agonist, LY379268, reduces hyperalgesia in vivo.","volume":"135","author":"Sharpe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R61-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5275-03.2004","article-title":"Minocycline treatment reduces delayed oligodendrocyte death, attenuates axonal dieback, and improves functional outcome after spinal cord injury.","volume":"24","author":"Stirling","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R62-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2899","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-07-02899.2003","article-title":"Altered expression and uptake activity of spinal glutamate transporters after nerve injury contribute to the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain in rats.","volume":"23","author":"Sung","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R63-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1210","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)29652-X","article-title":"Propentofylline, a glial modulating agent, exhibits antiallodynic properties in a rat model of neuropathic pain.","volume":"297","author":"Sweitzer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"R64-30-20210227","first-page":"611","article-title":"Pentoxifylline does not affect nociception if administered postoperatively.","volume":"56","author":"Szczepanik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pol J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R65-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/S0306-4522(01)00305-0","article-title":"Distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR3 in the mouse CNS: differential location relative to pre- and postsynaptic sites.","volume":"106","author":"Tamaru","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R66-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1994.81.3.0402","article-title":"Growth suppression and astrocytic differentiation of glioma cells by interleukin-1.","volume":"81","author":"Tanaka","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R67-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2003.06.002","article-title":"Quantitative real-time RT-PCR assessment of spinal microglial and astrocytic activation markers in a rat model of neuropathic pain.","volume":"45","author":"Tanga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurochem Int"},{"key":"R68-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1086","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.01.065","article-title":"Propentofylline-induced astrocyte modulation leads to alterations in glial glutamate promoter activation following spinal nerve transection.","volume":"152","author":"Tawfik","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R69-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2002.01062.x","article-title":"Activation of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors underlies microglial reactivity and neurotoxicity following stimulation with chromogranin A, a peptide up-regulated in Alzheimers disease.","volume":"82","author":"Taylor","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"R70-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.21-08-02580.2001","article-title":"Minocycline, a tetracycline derivative, is neuroprotective against excitotoxicity by inhibiting activation and proliferation of microglia.","volume":"21","author":"Tikka","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"R71-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-005-2143-4","article-title":"The antinociceptive and anxiolytic-like effects of the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) antagonists, MPEP and MTEP, and the mGluR1 antagonist, LY456236, in rodents: a comparison of efficacy and side-effect profiles.","volume":"179","author":"Varty","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology (Berl)"},{"key":"R74-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2005.11.061","article-title":"Inhibition of glutamate uptake in the spinal cord induces hyperalgesia and increased responses of spinal dorsal horn neurons to peripheral afferent stimulation.","volume":"138","author":"Weng","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"R75-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(00)00419-7","article-title":"The effect of pentoxifiline on post-injury hyperalgesia in rats and postoperative pain in patients.","volume":"66","author":"Wordliczek","year":"2000","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"R76-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1744-8069-5-15","article-title":"Plasticity in expression of the glutamate transporters GLT-1 and GLAST in spinal dorsal horn glial cells following partial sciatic nerve ligation.","volume":"5","author":"Xin","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol Pain"},{"key":"R77-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13496","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.23.13496","article-title":"A tetracycline derivative, minocycline, reduces inflammation and protects against focal cerebral ischemia with a wide therapeutic window.","volume":"96","author":"Yrjanheikki","year":"1999","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"R78-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2004.11.005","article-title":"3rd, Wade CL, Decker MW, Honore P. Assessing the role of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in multiple nociceptive modalities.","volume":"506","author":"Zhu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R79-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.12.022","article-title":"ERK is sequentially activated in neurons, microglia, and astrocytes by spinal nerve ligation and contributes to mechanical allodynia in this neuropathic pain model.","volume":"114","author":"Zhuang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R80-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(83)90201-4","article-title":"Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals.","volume":"16","author":"Zimmermann","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"R81-30-20210227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.046706","article-title":"Glutamate-mediated cytosolic calcium oscillations regulate a pulsatile prostaglandin release from cultured rat astrocytes.","volume":"553","author":"Zonta","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Physiol"}],"container-title":["Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/10.1016\/j.pain.2009.09.002","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T11:06:26Z","timestamp":1739358386000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.lww.com\/00006396-200912150-00030"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"references-count":73,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pain.2009.09.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["0304-3959"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0304-3959","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]}}}