{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T13:34:10Z","timestamp":1790948050819,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,1]],"date-time":"2020-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1604188800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,13]],"date-time":"2020-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592006400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004708","name":"National Education Ministry","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Epidemiology and Control"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,20]],"date-time":"2020-06-20T10:15:11Z","timestamp":1592648111000},"page":"e00159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Pediculosis capitis in Abidjan, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire: Epidemiological profile and associated risk factors"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"V.","family":"Djohan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.E.","family":"Angora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Miezan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.K.","family":"B\u00e9dia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Konat\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.H.","family":"Vanga-Bosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.K.","family":"Kassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"PCM","family":"Kiki-Barro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W.","family":"Yavo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.I.","family":"Menan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-014-9920-0","article-title":"Epidemiological comparative study of pediculosis capitis among primary school children in Fayoum and Minofiya governorates, Egypt","volume":"40","author":"Abd El Raheem","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.12144","article-title":"Assessment of topical versus oral ivermectin as a treatment for head lice","volume":"27","author":"Ahmad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184621","article-title":"Detection of bacterial pathogens including potential new species in human head lice from Mali","volume":"12","author":"Amanzougaghene","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"474","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2019.00474","article-title":"Where are we with human lice? A review of the current state of knowledge","volume":"9","author":"Amanzougaghene","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7519(94)90195-3","article-title":"Phylogeny and classification, origins, and evolution of host associations of lice","volume":"24","author":"Barker","year":"1994","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2007.10.018","article-title":"Naphthalene metabolism in relation to target tissue anatomy, physiology, cytotoxicity and tumorigenic mechanism of action","volume":"51","author":"Bogen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"896","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0905471","article-title":"Oral ivermectin versus malathion lotion for difficult-to-treat head lice","volume":"362","author":"Chosidow","year":"2010","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006825","article-title":"Impact of ivermectin administered for scabies treatment on the prevalence of head lice in Atoifi, Solomon Islands","volume":"12","author":"Coscione","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4521-8","article-title":"Prevalence of pediculosis capitis and associated factors among schoolchildren in Woreta town, northwest Ethiopia","volume":"12","author":"Dagne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Res. Notes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2016.03.013","article-title":"Head lice probably resistant to ivermectin recovered from two rural girls in Dielmo, a village in Sine-Saloum, Senegal","volume":"47","author":"Diatta","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.1988.tb05840.x","article-title":"Pediculosis capitis among primary schoolchildren in urban and rural areas of Kwara State, Nigeria","volume":"58","author":"Ebomoyi","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. Sch. Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0060","first-page":"861","article-title":"Pediculosis capitis among urban school children in Ilorin, Nigeria","volume":"86","author":"Ebomoyi","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Natl. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1409.080368","article-title":"Worldwide prevalence of head lice","volume":"14","author":"Falagas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0070","first-page":"69","article-title":"Diagnosis of head lice infestations: an evidence-based review","volume":"4","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Dermatol. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.047308","article-title":"Epidermal parasitic skin diseases: a neglected category of poverty-associated plagues","volume":"87","author":"Feldmeier","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0080","article-title":"Pediculosis humanus capitis Prevalence as a Health Problem in Girl\u2019s Elementary Schools, Southwest of Iran (2017-2018)","volume":"19","author":"Ghofleh Maramazi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Res. Health Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0085","first-page":"21","article-title":"The prevalence of pediculosis in rural South African schoolchildren: research in action","volume":"99","author":"Govere","year":"2003","journal-title":"S. Afr. J. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/5827124","article-title":"Prevalence of ectoparasitic infections and other dermatological infections and their associated factors among School children in Gampaha District, Sri Lanka","volume":"2019","author":"Gunathilaka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Can. J. Infect. Dis. Med. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.1746","article-title":"Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding head lice infestations in rural Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Heukelbach","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Ctries."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-8-115","article-title":"A highly efficacious pediculicide based on dimeticone: randomized observer blinded comparative trial","volume":"8","author":"Heukelbach","year":"2008","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0105","author":"Ignace"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0110","author":"Institut National de la Statistique"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2008.587","article-title":"Accuracy of diagnosis of pediculosis capitis: visual inspection vs wet combing","volume":"145","author":"Jahnke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.5152\/tpd.2014.3447","article-title":"Prevalence of head lice in two socio-economically different schools in the center of Izmir City, Turkey","volume":"38","author":"Karakus","year":"2014","journal-title":"TurkiyeParazitolDerg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3240","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.699","article-title":"Medical and social factors of pediculosis","volume":"7","author":"Kartashova","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access. Maced. J. Med. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.4103\/jgid.jgid_19_17","article-title":"Head lice among governmental primary school students in Southern Jordan: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"10","author":"Khamaiseh","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Global Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0135","first-page":"44","article-title":"Pediculosis: current aspects of the old problem","author":"Lopatina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Parazitol. (Mosk)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0140","first-page":"11","article-title":"Detection of bacterial pathogens in clade E head lice collected from Niger\u2019s refugees in Algeria","author":"Louni","year":"2018","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0145","first-page":"12","article-title":"Prevalence and predictors of pediculosis capitis among primary school children in Hulu Langat, Selangor","volume":"72","author":"Lye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Med. J. Malaysia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2002.129031","article-title":"An observer-blinded study of 1% permethrin creme rinse with and without adjunctive combing in patients with head lice","volume":"141","author":"Meinking","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Pediatr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0155","first-page":"763","article-title":"Head lice","volume":"113","author":"Meister","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dtsch. Arztebl. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0160","first-page":"43","article-title":"The prevalence of lice infesting students of primary, preparatory and secondary schools in Cairo, Egypt","volume":"31","author":"Morsy","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4362.1990.tb04845.x","article-title":"Epidemiological studies on head lice infestation in Israel. I. Parasitological examination of children","volume":"29","author":"Mumcuoglu","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2008.04059.x","article-title":"Impact of ivermectin drug combinations on Pediculus humanus capitis infestation in primary schoolchildren of south Indian rural villages","volume":"48","author":"Munirathinam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0175","first-page":"1923","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of pediculosis in primary school children in South West of Iran","volume":"47","author":"Nejati","year":"2018","journal-title":"Iran. J. Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0180","first-page":"985","article-title":"Oral ivermectin for head lice: a comparison with 0.5 % topical malathion lotion","volume":"8","author":"Nofal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Dtsch. Dermatol. Ges."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0185","first-page":"269","article-title":"Prevalence of head lice infestation in primary school children in Port Harcourt","volume":"90","author":"Okoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"East Afr. Med. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0190","first-page":"967","article-title":"Topical ivermectin lotion for head lice","volume":"368","author":"Pariser","year":"2013","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1086\/520454","article-title":"The body louse as a vector of reemerging human diseases","volume":"29","author":"Raoult","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/S2221-1691(12)60250-0","article-title":"Epidemiology of pediculosis capitis among schoolchildren in the eastern area of Bangkok, Thailand","volume":"2","author":"Rassami","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-5-7","article-title":"Pair of lice lost or parasites regained: the evolutionary history of anthropoid primate lice","volume":"5","author":"Reed","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMC Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1296","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182011001004","article-title":"Head lice prevalence among households in Norway: importance of spatial variables and individual and household characteristics","volume":"138","author":"Rukke","year":"2011","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-014-3833-9","article-title":"Socioeconomic status, family background and other key factors influence the management of head lice in Norway","volume":"113","author":"Rukke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0225","series-title":"Infestation of Head Lice, Pediculus Humanus Capitis, in School Children at Quetta City and its Suburban Areas, Pakistan | Request PDF [WWW Document]","author":"Saddozai","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0230","first-page":"196","article-title":"A study of head lice infestation (Pediculosis Capitis) among Primary School Students in the Villages of Abadan in 2012","volume":"2","author":"Salehi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Community Based Nurs. Midwifery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0235","first-page":"189","article-title":"Lice in Mali: frequency of infestation, genotyping, infection rate and case management","volume":"25","author":"Sangar\u00e9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Med. Sante Trop."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0240","first-page":"2016","article-title":"Management and treatment of human lice","author":"Sangar\u00e9","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0245","first-page":"150","article-title":"Evaluation of a health education program for head lice infesta- tion in female primary school students in Chabahar City, Iran","volume":"153","author":"Shirvani","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3347\/kjp.2019.57.5.499","article-title":"Prevalence and alternative treatment of head-lice infestation in rural Thailand: a community-based study","volume":"57","author":"Singhasivanon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_35_18","article-title":"Dermoscopy of pubic louse","volume":"10","author":"Sonthalia","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian Dermatol. Online J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0260","first-page":"13","article-title":"Naphthalene Mothballs: emerging and recurring issues and their relevance to environmental health","volume":"7","author":"Sudakin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr. Top. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2012.09.003","article-title":"Biology and genetics of human head and body lice","volume":"28","author":"Veracx","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.156339","article-title":"Treatment of pediculosis capitis","volume":"60","author":"Verma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2583.2011.01097.x","article-title":"Brief exposures of human body lice to sublethal amounts of ivermectin over-transcribes detoxification genes involved in tolerance","volume":"20","author":"Yoon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Insect Mol. Biol."}],"container-title":["Parasite Epidemiology and Control"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405673120300283?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2405673120300283?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T08:42:48Z","timestamp":1762504968000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2405673120300283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["S2405673120300283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159","relation":{},"ISSN":["2405-6731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2405-6731","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Pediculosis capitis in Abidjan, C\u00f4te d'Ivoire: Epidemiological profile and associated risk factors","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Parasite Epidemiology and Control","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parepi.2020.e00159","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of World Federation of Parasitologists.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"e00159"}}