{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:23:47Z","timestamp":1792531427360,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,21]],"date-time":"2025-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766275200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP25K18304"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP25K18304"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasitology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,20]],"date-time":"2025-11-20T11:20:20Z","timestamp":1763637620000},"page":"103196","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Description of novel myxozoan and microsporidian parasites from cultured red seabream Pagrus major exhibiting mild scoliosis, with additional detection of the myxosporean in yellowback seabream Evynnis tumifrons"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Karina Midori","family":"Kawano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Nitta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tetsuya","family":"Yanagida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.19.239","article-title":"Myxobolus buri sp. n. (Myxosporea: Bivalvulida) parasitic in the brain of Seriola quinqueradiata Temminck et Schlegel","volume":"19","author":"Egusa","year":"1985","journal-title":"Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1036","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-2906.2004.00903.x","article-title":"Myxobolus buri, the myxosporean parasite causing scoliosis of yellowtail, is synonymous with Myxobolus acanthogobii infecting the brain of the yellowfin goby","volume":"70","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fish. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3354\/dao066001","article-title":"Spinal curvature of cultured Japanese mackerel Scomber japonicus associated with a brain myxosporean, Myxobolus acanthogobii","volume":"66","author":"Yokoyama","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00307.x","article-title":"Pseudoloma neurophilia n. g., n. sp., a new microsporidium from the central nervous system of the zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"48","author":"Matthews","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2014.1055","article-title":"Pseudoloma neurophilia: a retrospective and descriptive study of nervous system and muscle infections, with new implications for pathogenesis and behavioral phenotypes","volume":"12","author":"Spagnoli","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8083","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-64948-8","article-title":"Behavioural effects of the common brain-infecting parasite Pseudoloma neurophilia in laboratory zebrafish (Danio rerio)","volume":"10","author":"Midttun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0035","series-title":"FishBase. www.fishbase.org","author":"Froese","year":"2025"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0040","author":"Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries of Japan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.33.303","article-title":"Parasitic diseases of cultured marine fish in Japan","volume":"33","author":"Ogawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0050","series-title":"Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species, Third Edition","first-page":"955","article-title":"Sparidae","author":"Hayashi","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0055","series-title":"Protozoan Parasites of Fishes, Developments in Aquaculture and Fisheries Science","author":"Lom","year":"1992"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103074","article-title":"Description of Myxobolus iwagiensis n. sp. (Myxosporea: Myxobolidae), infecting medaka Oryzias latipes (Temminck & Schlegel, 1846) (Beloniformes: Adrianichthyidae) in Japan","volume":"108","author":"Kawano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2006.06.016","article-title":"The phylogeny of Myxosporea (Myxozoa) based on small subunit ribosomal RNA gene analysis","volume":"36","author":"Fiala","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.2307\/3284453","article-title":"Phylogenetic relationships among eight Eimeria species infecting domestic fowl inferred using complete small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences","volume":"83","author":"Barta","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.3354\/dao03276","article-title":"Parvicapsula curvatura n. sp. in cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus and phylogenetic characteristics of the genus Parvicapsula","volume":"130","author":"Shin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Dis. Aquat. Org."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-153R","article-title":"Phylogeny of the multivalvulidae (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) based on comparative ribosomal DNA sequence analysis","volume":"90","author":"Whipps","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2023.102734","article-title":"(Myxosporea: Ortholineidae) from the urinary bladder of the cultured olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, South Korea","volume":"94","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasitol. Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118202200141X","article-title":"Molecular and morphological description of a novel microsporidian Inodosporus fujiokai n. sp. infecting both salmonid fish and freshwater prawns","volume":"150","author":"Yanagida","year":"2023","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1645\/0022-3395(2000)086[0128:SSRDPO]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Small subunit ribosomal DNA phylogeny of microsporidia with particular reference to genera that infect fish","volume":"86","author":"Nilsen","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.2307\/3285702","article-title":"Relationships among members of the genus Myxobolus (Myxozoa: Bilvalvidae) based on small subunit ribosomal DNA sequences","volume":"85","author":"Andree","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1434","DOI":"10.1645\/GE-336R","article-title":"A new species of Sphaeromyxa (Myxosporea: Sphaeromyxina: Sphaeromyxidae) in devil firefish, Pterois miles (Scorpaenidae), from the northern Red Sea: morphology, ultrastructure, and phylogeny","volume":"90","author":"Diamant","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2761.2008.00965.x","article-title":"Description and phylogeny of Ceratomyxa anko sp. n. and Zschokkella lophii sp. n. from the Japanese anglerfish, Lophius litulon (Jordan)","volume":"31","author":"Freeman","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"523","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpara.2019.02.009","article-title":"Phylogeny of Myxobolidae (Myxozoa) and the evolution of myxospore appendages in the Myxobolus clade","volume":"49","author":"Liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/bbx108","article-title":"MAFFT online service: multiple sequence alignment, interactive sequence choice and visualization","volume":"20","author":"Katoh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brief. Bioinform."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a026334","article-title":"Selection of conserved blocks from multiple alignments for their use in phylogenetic analysis","volume":"17","author":"Castresana","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W465","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkn180","article-title":"Phylogeny.fr: robust phylogenetic analysis for the non-specialist","volume":"36","author":"Dereeper","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4285","article-title":"ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates","volume":"14","author":"Kalyaanamoorthy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa015","article-title":"IQ-TREE 2: new models and efficient methods for phylogenetic inference in the genomic era","volume":"37","author":"Minh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/sys029","article-title":"MrBayes 3.2: efficient Bayesian phylogenetic inference and model choice across a large model space","volume":"61","author":"Ronquist","year":"2012","journal-title":"Syst. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0150","author":"Rambaut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3059","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gkf436","article-title":"MAFFT: a novel method for rapid multiple sequence alignment based on fast Fourier transform","volume":"30","author":"Katoh","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/mst010","article-title":"MAFFT multiple sequence alignment software version 7: improvements in performance and usability","volume":"30","author":"Katoh","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096","article-title":"MEGA X: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis across computing platforms","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.40.197","article-title":"A PCR method to detect Myxobolus acanthogobii (Myxozoa : Myxosporea), the causative agent of skeletal deformities of marine fishes","volume":"40","author":"Miyajima","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0175","first-page":"69","article-title":"Notes on some myxosporidian parasites on fishes of Japan","volume":"39","author":"Hoshina","year":"1952","journal-title":"J. Tokyo Univ. Fish."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14411\/fp.2020.019","article-title":"Myxozoan hidden diversity: the case of Myxobolus pseudodispar Gorbunova, 1936","volume":"67","author":"Lisnerov\u00e1","year":"2020","journal-title":"Folia Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0185","series-title":"Myxosporidia of the Fauna of the USSR","author":"Shulman","year":"1966"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2761.2002.00409.x","article-title":"Morphological and molecular biological studies on intramuscular Myxobolus spp. of cyprinid fish","volume":"25","author":"Moln\u00e1r","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Fish Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1834","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-023-01469-w","article-title":"CryoEM reveals that ribosomes in microsporidian spores are locked in a dimeric hibernating state","volume":"8","author":"McLaren","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1007\/s11230-014-9519-y","article-title":"A new species of Glugea Thelohan, 1891 In the red sea bream Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel) (Teleostei: Sparidae) from China","volume":"89","author":"Su","year":"2014","journal-title":"Syst. Parasitol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0205","first-page":"433","article-title":"First report of microsporidian xenomas from the red sea bream Pagrus major (Temminck & Schlegel, 1843) (Sparidae) from the Red Sea off Jizan, KSA: a light and transmission electron microscopic study","volume":"71","author":"Morsy","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Zool. Bulg."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.3147\/jsfp.23.263","article-title":"Notes on microsporidium species, the etiological agent of \u201cbeko\u201d disease in red sea bream juveniles, Pagrus major","volume":"23","author":"Egusa","year":"1988","journal-title":"Fish Pathol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.2001.tb00313.x","article-title":"Phylogenetic relationships among microsporidia based on rDNA sequence data, with particular reference to fish-infecting Microsporidium Balbiani 1884 species","volume":"48","author":"Bell","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Eukaryot. Microbiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0220","first-page":"283","article-title":"Primo contributo alla distribuzione geografica dei missosporidi in Italia, Atti Soc","volume":"50","author":"Parisi","year":"1912","journal-title":"Ital. Sci. Nat. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Milano"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0225","first-page":"16","article-title":"Data for the study of parasitic protozoans of fish in the Black Sea","volume":"3","author":"Pogoreltseva","year":"1964","journal-title":"Problemy Parazitologii, Trudy Ukrainskogo Respublikanskogo Nauchnogo Obshchestva Parazitologov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196_bb0230","first-page":"741","article-title":"First report of several myxosporean (Myxozoa) and monogenean parasites from fish species off Sinop coasts of the Black Sea, Turkish","volume":"15","author":"\u00d6zer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Fish. Aquat. Sci."}],"container-title":["Parasitology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1383576925001692?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1383576925001692?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,27]],"date-time":"2026-01-27T16:29:06Z","timestamp":1769531346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1383576925001692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"references-count":46,"alternative-id":["S1383576925001692"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196","relation":{},"ISSN":["1383-5769"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1383-5769","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Description of novel myxozoan and microsporidian parasites from cultured red seabream Pagrus major exhibiting mild scoliosis, with additional detection of the myxosporean in yellowback seabream Evynnis tumifrons","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Parasitology International","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parint.2025.103196","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"103196"}}