{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T03:14:48Z","timestamp":1792638888903,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,7,1]],"date-time":"2014-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1404172800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001700","name":"Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S0901001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S0901001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001700","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","prd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,14]],"date-time":"2014-04-14T02:00:13Z","timestamp":1397440813000},"page":"755-760","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":155,"title":["Differentiation of early-stage parkinsonisms using neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Chigumi","family":"Ohtsuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanako","family":"Konno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kanako","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fumio","family":"Yamashita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuo","family":"Terayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"861","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awf080","article-title":"The accuracy of diagnosis of Parkinsonian syndromes in a specialist movement disorder service","volume":"125","author":"Hughes","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.57.12.1528","article-title":"Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging study of extrapyramidal symptoms in multiple system atrophy","volume":"57","author":"Konagaya","year":"1994","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.65.1.65","article-title":"Clinical usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in multiple system atrophy","volume":"65","author":"Schrag","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.56.2.225","article-title":"The combination of hypointense and hyperintense signal changes on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging sequences: a specific marker of multiple system atrophy?","volume":"56","author":"Kraft","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24968","article-title":"Conventional magnetic resonance imaging in confirmed progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy","volume":"27","author":"Massey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wco.0000173141.74137.63","article-title":"An update on conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative parkinsonism","volume":"18","author":"Seppi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000151854.85743.C7","article-title":"Quantitative MRI measurement of Superior cerebellar peduncle in progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"64","author":"Paviour","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000227984.84927.a7","article-title":"Neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging of locus ceruleus and substantia nigra in Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Sasaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1649","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e328315a637","article-title":"Monoamine neurons in the human brain stem: anatomy, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and clinical implications","volume":"19","author":"Sasaki","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2013.02.012","article-title":"Changes in substantia nigra and locus coeruleus in patients with early-stage Parkinson's disease using neuromelanin-sensitive MR imaging","volume":"541","author":"Ohtsuka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00234-013-1171-8","article-title":"3D neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging with semi-automated volume measurement of the substantia nigra pars compacta for diagnosis of Parkinson's disease","volume":"55","author":"Ogisu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a Clinico-pathological study of 100 cases","volume":"55","author":"Hughes","year":"1992","journal-title":"J\u00a0Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.47.1.1","article-title":"Clinical research criteria for the diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (Steele-Richardson-Olszewski syndrome):Report of the NINDS-SPSP International Workshop","volume":"47","author":"Litvan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02309628","article-title":"Consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy. American Autonomic Society and American Academy of Neurology","volume":"8","author":"Gilman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","article-title":"Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy","volume":"71","author":"Gilman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1856","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318292a2d2","article-title":"The midbrain to pons ratio: a simple and specific MRI sign of progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"80","author":"Massey","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120203","article-title":"Multiple system atrophy: a review of 203 pathologically proven cases","volume":"12","author":"Wenning","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1964.00460160003001","article-title":"Progressive supranuclear palsy: a heterogeneous degeneration involving the brain stem, basal ganglia and cerebellum with vertical gaze and dementia","volume":"10","author":"Steele","year":"1964","journal-title":"Arch Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050891","article-title":"Astrocytic pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy: significance for neuropathological diagnosis","volume":"96","author":"Matsusaka","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010050911","article-title":"Astrocytic plaques and tufts of abnormal fibers do not coexist in corticobasal degeneration and progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"96","author":"Komori","year":"1998","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1159\/000350291","article-title":"Neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"70","author":"Matsuura","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2010.08.043","article-title":"Neuromelanin magnetic resonance imaging of nigral volume loss in patients with Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"Kashihara","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2012.01.009","article-title":"123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy for differentiating Parkinson's disease from other neurodegenerative parkinsonism: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Orimo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1007\/s10286-011-0135-5","article-title":"MIBG scintigraphy in differential diagnosis of parkinsonism: a meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Treglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Auton Res"},{"issue":"Suppl.\u00a02","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib25","first-page":"S711","article-title":"Potential of advanced MR imaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism","volume":"24","author":"Hotter","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20877","article-title":"Regional brain volumes distinguish PSP, MSA-P, and PD: MRI-based clinico-radiological correlations","volume":"21","author":"Paviour","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21204","article-title":"Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging differentiates Parkinsonian variant of multiple-system atrophy from progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"22","author":"Paviour","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2120","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt152","article-title":"The coeruleus\/subcoeruleus complex in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorders in Parkinson's disease","volume":"136","author":"Garc\u0131\u00e1-Lorenzo","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"}],"container-title":["Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1353802014001461?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1353802014001461?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:13:50Z","timestamp":1761178430000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1353802014001461"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S1353802014001461"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8020","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Differentiation of early-stage parkinsonisms using neuromelanin-sensitive magnetic resonance imaging","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Parkinsonism & Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.005","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}