{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T20:25:13Z","timestamp":1793910313457,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":112,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,1]],"date-time":"2019-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1548979200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,24]],"date-time":"2020-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1587686400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":448,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","prd-journal.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,30]],"date-time":"2018-08-30T03:39:10Z","timestamp":1535600350000},"page":"93-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"special_numbering":"C","title":["What a neurologist should know about PET and SPECT functional imaging for parkinsonism: A practical perspective"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Thobois","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phane","family":"Prange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Scheiber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Broussolle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1591","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26424","article-title":"MDS clinical diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease","volume":"30","author":"Postuma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26987","article-title":"Movement Disorder Society-endorsed PSP Study Group. Clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy: the movement disorder society criteria","volume":"32","author":"H\u00f6glinger","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"670","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000324625.00404.15","article-title":"Second consensus statement on the diagnosis of multiple system atrophy","volume":"71","author":"Gilman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31827f0fd1","article-title":"Criteria for the diagnosis of corticobasal degeneration","volume":"80","author":"Armstrong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004058","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of dementia with Lewy bodies: fourth consensus report of the DLB Consortium","volume":"89","author":"McKeith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000002350","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of Parkinson disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"86","author":"Rizzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2014.04.019","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of parkinsonism syndromes by general neurologists","volume":"20","author":"Joutsa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000641","article-title":"Low clinical diagnostic accuracy of early vs advanced Parkinson disease: clinicopathologic study","volume":"83","author":"Adler","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2045","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq123","article-title":"Does corticobasal degeneration exist? A clinicopathological re-evaluation","volume":"133","author":"Ling","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.55.3.181","article-title":"Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease: a clinico-pathological study of 100 cases","volume":"55","author":"Hughes","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21813","article-title":"Nonmotor symptoms as presenting complaints in Parkinson's disease: a clinicopathological study","volume":"23","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2016.09.025","article-title":"Imagerie c\u00e9r\u00e9brale dans les syndromes parkinsoniens","volume":"46","author":"Prange","year":"2017","journal-title":"Presse Med."},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2015.09.029","article-title":"Optimizing diagnosis in Parkinson's disease: radionuclide imaging","volume":"22","author":"Arena","year":"2016","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11965","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.90.24.11965","article-title":"Single photon emission computed tomographic imaging demonstrates loss of striatal dopaminetransporters in Parkinson disease","volume":"90","author":"Innis","year":"1993","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1461","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003810","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging does not predict the number of nigral neurons in Parkinson disease","volume":"88","author":"Saari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"Pt 9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2798","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws211","article-title":"Neuropathological correlates of dopaminergic imaging in Alzheimer's disease and Lewy body dementias","volume":"135","author":"Colloby","year":"2012","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-005-1830-z","article-title":"Progression of dopaminergic degeneration in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with and without dementia assessed using 123I-FP-CIT SPECT","volume":"32","author":"Colloby","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.59.4.580","article-title":"Dopaminergic function and dopamine transporter binding assessed with positron emission tomography in Parkinson disease","volume":"59","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.157370","article-title":"The role of DAT-SPECT in movement disorders","volume":"81","author":"K\u00e4gi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-007-0621-0","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging with [(123)I]FP-CIT SPECT: potential effects of drugs","volume":"35","author":"Booij","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-006-0718-4","article-title":"Comparative analysis of visual and semi-quantitative assessment of striatal [123I]FP-CIT-SPET binding in Parkinson's disease","volume":"27","author":"Ottaviani","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(200005)15:3<503::AID-MDS1013>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Accurate differentiation of parkinsonism and essential tremor using visual assessment of [123I]-FP-CIT SPECT imaging: the [123I]-FP-CIT study group","volume":"15","author":"Benamer","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1186\/s40658-017-0175-6","article-title":"[123I]FP-CIT ENC-DAT normal database: the impact of the reconstruction and quantification methods","volume":"4","author":"Tossici-Bolt","year":"2017","journal-title":"EJNMMI Phys"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1314","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31826c1b0a","article-title":"[1\u2078F]FDG-PET is superior to [12\u00b3I]IBZM-SPECT for the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism","volume":"79","author":"Hellwig","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.03.012","article-title":"FDG PET in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian disorders","volume":"26","author":"Eckert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-006-0261-9","article-title":"Quantification of Parkinson's disease-related network expression with ECD SPECT","volume":"34","author":"Eckert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22771","article-title":"Combined use of DAT-SPECT and cardiac MIBG scintigraphy in mixed tremors","volume":"24","author":"Novellino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.037028","article-title":"Reliability of MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease","volume":"76","author":"Nagayama","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1744","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23338","article-title":"Abnormal cardiac [(123)I]-meta-iodobenzylguanidine uptake in multiple system atrophy","volume":"25","author":"Nagayama","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1202-1","article-title":"Validation of cardiac (123)I-MIBG scintigraphy in patients with Parkinson's disease who were diagnosed with dopamine PET","volume":"37","author":"Ishibashi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2011.07.011","article-title":"Differentiating Parkinson's disease from multiple system atrophy by [123I] meta-iodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy and olfactory test","volume":"17","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2012.01.009","article-title":"123I-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy for differentiating Parkinson's disease from other neurodegenerative parkinsonism: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"18","author":"Orimo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2012.04.017","article-title":"Meta-analysis on MIBG scintigraphy in differential diagnosis between Parkinson's disease and neurodegenerative parkinsonism","volume":"18","author":"Treglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.06.019","article-title":"Evaluation of transcranial sonographic findings and MIBG cardiac scintigraphy in the diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease","volume":"19","author":"Behnke","year":"2013","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0152746","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0152746","article-title":"On the utility of MIBG SPECT\/CT in evaluating cardiac sympathetic dysfunction in lewy body diseases","volume":"11","author":"Odagiri","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.04.026","article-title":"Usefulness of combining 123I-FP-CIT-SPECT striatal asymmetry index and cardiac 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy examinations for diagnosis of parkinsonisms","volume":"377","author":"Niimi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000000674","article-title":"The utility of the combination of a SPECT study with [123I]-FP-CIT of dopamine transporters and [123I]-MIBG myocardial scintigraphy in differentiating Parkinson disease from other degenerative parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"38","author":"Uyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20112","article-title":"Impact of dopamine transporter SPECT using 123I-Ioflupane on diagnosis and management of patients with clinically uncertain Parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"19","author":"Catafau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2049","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22259","article-title":"Predictive value of nigrostriatal dysfunction in isolated tremor: a clinical and SPECT study","volume":"23","author":"Ceravolo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2202","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22278","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in the differential diagnosis of essential tremor and Parkinson's disease in Italy","volume":"23","author":"Antonini","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"500","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22108","article-title":"Parkinson's disease is overdiagnosed clinically at baseline in diagnostically uncertain cases: a 3-year European multicenter study with repeat [123I]FP-CIT SPECT","volume":"24","author":"Marshall","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1288","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-304436","article-title":"Clinical utility of dopamine transporter single photon emission CT (DaT-SPECT) with (123I) ioflupane in diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"84","author":"Bajaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20720","article-title":"Psychogenic parkinsonism: a combination of clinical, electrophysiological, and [(123)I]-FP-CIT SPECT scan explorations improves diagnostic accuracy","volume":"21","author":"Benaderette","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20748","article-title":"[123I]-FP\/CIT SPECT imaging for distinguishing drug-induced parkinsonism from Parkinson's disease","volume":"21","author":"Lorberboym","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"910","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-5039-0","article-title":"Clinical and [123I]FP-CIT SPET imaging follow-up in patients with drug-induced parkinsonism","volume":"256","author":"Tinazzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2009.12.010","article-title":"Degenerative parkinsonism in patients with psychogenic parkinsonism: a dopamine transporter imaging study","volume":"112","author":"Felicio","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. Neurol. Neurosurg."},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib47","first-page":"30221","article-title":"DAT-SPECT imaging in cases of drug-induced parkinsonism in a specialty movement disorders practice","volume":"pii: S1353\u20138020","author":"Yomtoob","year":"2018","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.schres.2013.11.028","article-title":"Imaging of the dopamine transporter predicts pattern of disease progression and response to levodopa in patients with schizophrenia and parkinsonism: a 2-year follow-up multicenter study","volume":"152","author":"Tinazzi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Schizophr. Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10092","article-title":"[123I]beta-CIT SPECT distinguishes vascular parkinsonism from Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Gerschlager","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2012-302618","article-title":"Clinical features and 123I-FP-CIT SPECT imaging in vascular parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease","volume":"84","author":"Ben\u00edtez-Rivero","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jcbfm.9600389","article-title":"In vivo presynaptic and postsynaptic striatal dopamine functions in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"27","author":"Ouchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Cerebr. Blood Flow Metabol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wneu.2016.03.004","article-title":"Normal pressure hydrocephalus and parkinsonism: preliminary data on neurosurgical and neurological treatment","volume":"90","author":"Broggi","year":"2016","journal-title":"World Neurosurg"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870120330","article-title":"[123I]beta-CIT single-photon emission tomography in DOPA-responsive dystonia","volume":"12","author":"Naumann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10576","article-title":"Dementia with Lewy bodies versus Alzheimer's disease: role of dopamine transporter imaging","volume":"18","author":"Costa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(07)70057-1","article-title":"Sensitivity and specificity of dopamine transporter imaging with 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in dementia with Lewy bodies: a phase III, multicentre study","volume":"6","author":"McKeith","year":"2007","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003512","article-title":"Autopsy validation of 123I-FP-CIT dopaminergic neuroimaging for the diagnosis of DLB","volume":"88","author":"Thomas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1007\/s12149-011-0564-1","article-title":"Interobserver variability, and visual and quantitative parameters of (123)I-FP-CIT SPECT(DaTSCAN) studies","volume":"26","author":"Papathanasiou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2014-310256","article-title":"What do patients with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) have? New evidence and continuing controversies","volume":"87","author":"Erro","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25026","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging deficit predicts early transition to synucleinopathy in idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder","volume":"82","author":"Iranzo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.11.039","article-title":"Scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD) in degenerative parkinsonism and dementia with Lewy bodies: a prospective study","volume":"385","author":"Nicastro","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2498","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa033447","article-title":"Levodopa and the progression of Parkinson's disease","volume":"351","author":"Fahn","year":"2004","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.287.13.1653","article-title":"Dopamine transporter brain imaging to assess the effects of pramipexole vs levodopa on Parkinson disease progression","volume":"287","author":"Parkinson Study Group","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1820","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26018","article-title":"Patients with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit: a long-term follow-up study","volume":"29","author":"Batla","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000424","article-title":"Longitudinal follow-up of SWEDD subjects in the PRECEPT Study","volume":"82","author":"Marek","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2016.07.002","article-title":"Scan without evidence of dopaminergic deficit: a 10-year retrospective study","volume":"31","author":"Nicastro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10042","article-title":"Combination of dopamine transporter and D2 receptor SPECT in the diagnostic evaluation of PD, MSA, and PSP","volume":"17","author":"Kim","year":"2002","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-004-0208-x","article-title":"Combined 123I-FP-CIT and 123I-IBZM SPECT for the diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes: study on 72 patients","volume":"112","author":"Plotkin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Neural. Transm."},{"issue":"Pt 7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh485","article-title":"Voxel-wise analysis of [123I]beta-CIT SPECT differentiates the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy from idiopathic Parkinson's disease","volume":"128","author":"Scherfler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.24000","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging in autopsy-confirmed Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy","volume":"27","author":"Perju-Dumbrava","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e18301","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0018301","article-title":"Dopamine transporter SPECT imaging in corticobasal syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Cilia","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-003-0103-5","article-title":"123I-Ioflupane\/SPECT binding to striatal dopamine transporter (DAT) uptake in patients with Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"24","author":"Antonini","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.111.095224","article-title":"Subregional patterns of preferential striatal dopamine transporter loss differ in Parkinson disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and multiple-system atrophy","volume":"53","author":"Oh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1158","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8257(200011)15:6<1158::AID-MDS1015>3.0.CO;2-0","article-title":"[123I]beta-CIT SPECT in multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, and corticobasal degeneration","volume":"15","author":"Pirker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.182139","article-title":"Analysis of extrastriatal 123I-FP-CIT binding contributes to the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian diseases","volume":"58","author":"Joling","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.20229","article-title":"Comparison of diffusion-weighted imaging and [123I]IBZM-SPECT for the differentiation of patients with the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy from those with Parkinson's disease","volume":"19","author":"Seppi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1159\/000115640","article-title":"Diagnostic value of 123I-ioflupane and 123I-iodobenzamide SPECT scans in 248 patients with parkinsonian syndromes","volume":"59","author":"Vlaar","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur. Neurol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.61.11.1705","article-title":"Role of dopaminergic treatment in dopamine receptor down-regulation in advanced Parkinson disease: a positron emission tomographic study","volume":"61","author":"Thobois","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2017.08.013","article-title":"Chronic exposure to dopamine agonists affects the integrity of striatal D2 receptors in Parkinson's patients","volume":"16","author":"Politis","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib79","first-page":"384","article-title":"Dual-tracer dopamine transporter and perfusion SPECT in differential diagnosis of parkinsonism using template-based discriminant analysis","volume":"47","author":"Van Laere","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2017.11.333","article-title":"Differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes using dopamine transporter and perfusion SPECT","volume":"47","author":"Takaya","year":"2018","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.870100208","article-title":"Patterns of regional cerebral blood flow in corticobasal degeneration studied using HMPAO SPECT; comparison with Parkinson's disease and normal controls","volume":"10","author":"Markus","year":"1995","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049","DOI":"10.1097\/MNM.0000000000000354","article-title":"The value of brain perfusion SPECT for differentiation between mildly symptomatic idiopathic Parkinson's disease and the Parkinson variant of multiple system atrophy","volume":"36","author":"Song","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1071","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-006-0344-7","article-title":"Identification by [99mTc]ECD SPECT of anterior cingulate hypoperfusion in progressive supranuclear palsy, in comparison with Parkinson's disease","volume":"34","author":"Varrone","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1534","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-018-4031-2","article-title":"EANM-EAN Task Force for the recommendation of FDG PET for Dementing Neurodegenerative Disorders. Clinical utility of FDG PET in Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonism associated with dementia","volume":"45","author":"Walker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib85","author":"Nobili","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1888","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.186403","article-title":"18F-FDG PET in parkinsonism: differential diagnosis and evaluation of cognitive impairment","volume":"58","author":"Meyer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.109.065870","article-title":"The 18F-FDG PET cingulate island sign and comparison to 123I-beta-CIT SPECT for diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"50","author":"Lim","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14745","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-15263-2","article-title":"Cingulate island sign temporally changes in dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"7","author":"Iizuka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.114.143347","article-title":"18F-FDG PET and perfusion SPECT in the diagnosis of Alzheimer and Lewy body dementias","volume":"55","author":"O'Brien","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2018.02.031","article-title":"18F-FDG PET-CT pattern in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus","volume":"18","author":"Townley","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2113","DOI":"10.3174\/ajnr.A3567","article-title":"Evaluation of Parkinson disease and Alzheimer disease with the use of neuromelanin MR imaging and (123)I-metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy","volume":"34","author":"Miyoshi","year":"2013","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2013.10.025","article-title":"123I-MIBG cardiac uptake, smell identification and 123I-FP-CIT SPECT in the differential diagnosis between vascular parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease","volume":"20","author":"Navarro-Otano","year":"2014","journal-title":"Park. Relat. Disord."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24717","volume":"80","author":"Tiraboschi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.110.086959","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of combined FP-CIT, IBZM, and MIBG scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of degenerative parkinsonism: a multidimensional statistical approach","volume":"52","author":"S\u00fcdmeyer","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Nucl. Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13206","article-title":"Normal 'heart' in Parkinson's disease: is this a distinct clinical phenotype?","volume":"24","author":"Kim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26834","article-title":"[18 F]AV-1451 tau positron emission tomography in progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"32","author":"Whitwell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.25060","article-title":"18 F-flortaucipir tau positron emission tomography distinguishes established progressive supranuclear palsy from controls and Parkinson disease: a multicenter study","volume":"82","author":"Schonhaut","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26813","article-title":"Increased basal ganglia binding of 18 F-AV-1451 in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"32","author":"Smith","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.26844","article-title":"Subcortical 18 F-AV-1451 binding patterns in progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"32","author":"Cho","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2309","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000003375","article-title":"In vivo visualization of tau deposits in corticobasal syndrome by 18F-THK5351 PET","volume":"87","author":"Kikuchi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3150","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X16683695","article-title":"Positron emission tomography imaging of tau pathology in progressive supranuclear palsy","volume":"37","author":"Coakeley","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cerebr. Blood Flow Metabol."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.3338","article-title":"Tau positron emission tomographic imaging in the lewy body diseases","volume":"73","author":"Gomperts","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-017-0482-0","article-title":"Lessons learned about [F-18]-AV-1451 off-target binding from an autopsy-confirmed Parkinson's case","volume":"5","author":"Marqui\u00e9","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.27029","article-title":"PBB3 imaging in Parkinsonian disorders: evidence for binding to tau and other proteins","volume":"32","author":"Perez-Soriano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2017.3713","article-title":"Associations between tau, \u03b2-amyloid, and cognition in Parkinson disease","volume":"75","author":"Winer","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2346","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21710","article-title":"DaTSCAN Clinically Uncertain Parkinsonian Syndromes Study Group. Accuracy of DaTSCAN (123I-Ioflupane) SPECT in diagnosis of patients with clinically uncertain parkinsonism: 2-year follow-up of an open-label study","volume":"22","author":"Tolosa","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2016.04.002","article-title":"Impact of reimbursement cuts on the sustainability and accessibility of dopamine transporter imaging","volume":"13","author":"Covington","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Radiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0986","article-title":"Radionuclide scanning to diagnose Parkinson disease: is it cost-effective?","volume":"5","author":"Stoessl","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Clin. Pract. Neurol."},{"issue":"Suppl 7","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S52","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.10580","article-title":"Dopamine transporter imaging and SPECT in diagnostic work-up of Parkinson's disease: a decision-analytic approach","volume":"18","author":"Dodel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Mov. Disord."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"696","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e318248e520","article-title":"Role of DaTSCAN and clinical diagnosis in Parkinson disease","volume":"78","author":"De la Fuente-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1267-x","article-title":"EANM procedure guidelines for brain neurotransmission SPECT using (123)I-labelled dopamine transporter ligands, version 2","volume":"37","author":"Darcourt","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259-009-1265-z","article-title":"EANM procedure guidelines for brain neurotransmission SPECT\/PET using dopamine D2 receptor ligands, version 2","volume":"37","author":"Van Laere","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imag."}],"container-title":["Parkinsonism &amp; Related Disorders"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1353802018303754?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1353802018303754?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T00:15:26Z","timestamp":1761178526000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1353802018303754"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"references-count":112,"alternative-id":["S1353802018303754"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016","relation":{},"ISSN":["1353-8020"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1353-8020","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"What a neurologist should know about PET and SPECT functional imaging for parkinsonism: A practical perspective","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Parkinsonism & Related Disorders","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2018.08.016","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}