{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T19:39:17Z","timestamp":1786995557561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":117,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","pathologyjournal.rcpa.edu.au","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T02:45:43Z","timestamp":1703213143000},"page":"283-296","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in paediatric solid tumours"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5338-8693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida I.","family":"Glembocki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3830-7959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gino R.","family":"Somers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2645","article-title":"Genetic prognostic and predictive markers in colorectal cancer","volume":"9","author":"Walther","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V40N8p362","article-title":"Tumour genetics and genomics to personalise cancer treatment","volume":"40","author":"Voon","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1097\/CCO.0b013e3283412dfa","article-title":"Somatic mutations in cancer prognosis and prediction: lessons from TP53 and EGFR genes","volume":"23","author":"Olivier","year":"2011","journal-title":"Curr Opin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib4","series-title":"WHO Classification of Tumours: Paediatric Tumours","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990715)86:2<364::AID-CNCR21>3.0.CO;2-7","article-title":"The International Neuroblastoma Pathology Classification (the Shimada system)","volume":"86","author":"Shimada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib6","first-page":"601","article-title":"Challenges & updates in pediatric pathology","volume":"13","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Pathol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0142(19990715)86:2<349::AID-CNCR20>3.0.CO;2-Y","article-title":"Terminology and morphologic criteria of neuroblastic tumors: recommendations by the International Neuroblastoma Pathology Committee","volume":"86","author":"Shimada","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199803000-00007","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody NB84 in the differential diagnosis of neuroblastoma and other small round cell tumors","volume":"22","author":"Miettinen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e31825a6895","article-title":"PHOX2B immunolabeling: a novel tool for the diagnosis of undifferentiated neuroblastomas among childhood small round blue-cell tumors","volume":"36","author":"Bielle","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.2014-0255-OA","article-title":"Diagnostic utility of PHOX2B in primary and treated neuroblastoma and in neuroblastoma metastatic to the bone marrow","volume":"139","author":"Hata","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13412","article-title":"Utility of Phox2b immunohistochemical stain in neural crest tumours and non-neural crest tumours in paediatric patients","volume":"72","author":"Warren","year":"2018","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.11773","article-title":"Revision of the international neuroblastoma pathology classification","volume":"98","author":"Peuchmaur","year":"2003","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2197","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19920415)69:8<2197::AID-CNCR2820690829>3.0.CO;2-X","article-title":"Age-linked prognostic categorization based on a new histologic grading system of neuroblastomas. A clinicopathologic study of 211 cases from the Pediatric Oncology Group","volume":"69","author":"Joshi","year":"1992","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198407263110405","article-title":"Cellular DNA content as a predictor of response to chemotherapy in infants with unresectable neuroblastoma","volume":"311","author":"Look","year":"1984","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6466","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.582","article-title":"Hyperdiploidy plus nonamplified MYCN confers a favorable prognosis in children 12 to 18 months old with disseminated neuroblastoma: a Pediatric Oncology Group study","volume":"23","author":"George","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1418","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2012.375","article-title":"Segmental chromosomal alterations have prognostic impact in neuroblastoma: a report from the INRG project","volume":"107","author":"Schleiermacher","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0215(19960422)69:2<73::AID-IJC1>3.0.CO;2-S","article-title":"Clinical relevance of loss of heterozygosity of the short arm of chromosome 1 in neuroblastoma: a single-institution study","volume":"69","author":"Schleiermacher","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4323","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0910684107","article-title":"High-risk neuroblastoma tumors with 11q-deletion display a poor prognostic, chromosome instability phenotype with later onset","volume":"107","author":"Car\u00e9n","year":"2010","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199906243402504","article-title":"Gain of chromosome arm 17q and adverse outcome in patients with neuroblastoma","volume":"340","author":"Bown","year":"1999","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052399","article-title":"Chromosome 1p and 11q deletions and outcome in neuroblastoma","volume":"353","author":"Attiyeh","year":"2005","journal-title":"New Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djy022","article-title":"Genomic amplifications and distal 6q loss: novel markers for poor survival in high-risk neuroblastoma patients","volume":"110","author":"Depuydt","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02940304","article-title":"Pathology of peripheral neuroblastic tumors: significance of prominent nucleoli in undifferentiated\/poorly differentiated neuroblastoma","volume":"13","author":"Torn\u00f3czky","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pathol Oncol Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.17.9184","article-title":"Significance of MYCN amplification in International Neuroblastoma Staging System stage 1 and 2 neuroblastoma: a report from the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group database","volume":"27","author":"Bagatell","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1171","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1997.15.3.1171","article-title":"N-Myc gene amplification is a major prognostic factor in localized neuroblastoma: results of the French NBL 90 study. Neuroblastoma Study Group of the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Francaise d\u2019Oncologie P\u00e9diatrique","volume":"15","author":"Rubie","year":"1997","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.16.6785","article-title":"The International Neuroblastoma Risk Group (INRG) classification system: an INRG task force report","volume":"27","author":"Cohn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1006501","article-title":"Enrichment of targetable mutations in the relapsed neuroblastoma genome","volume":"12","author":"Padovan-Merhar","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3333","article-title":"Relapsed neuroblastomas show frequent RAS-MAPK pathway mutations","volume":"47","author":"Eleveld","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2015.10.016","article-title":"Mutation-independent activation of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase in neuroblastoma","volume":"186","author":"Regairaz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib29","article-title":"Subgrouping of unfavorable histology neuroblastomas with immunohistochemistry toward precision prognosis and therapy stratification","volume":"3","author":"Ikegaki","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCO Precis Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141ra91","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003967","article-title":"Targeted expression of mutated ALK induces neuroblastoma in transgenic mice","volume":"4","author":"Heukamp","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-836518","article-title":"Infants with stage 4 neuroblastoma: the impact of the chimeric anti-GD2-antibody ch14.18 consolidation therapy","volume":"217","author":"Simon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Klin Padiatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3377","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.21.00086","article-title":"Frequency and prognostic impact of ALK amplifications and mutations in the European Neuroblastoma Study Group (SIOPEN) High-Risk Neuroblastoma Trial (HR-NBL1)","volume":"39","author":"Bellini","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1092","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-023-02297-5","article-title":"Lorlatinib with or without chemotherapy in ALK-driven refractory\/relapsed neuroblastoma: phase 1 trial results","volume":"29","author":"Goldsmith","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1062","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2012.228","article-title":"Association of age at diagnosis and genetic mutations in patients with neuroblastoma","volume":"307","author":"Cheung","year":"2012","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2109","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI79134","article-title":"Telomerase regulates MYC-driven oncogenesis independent of its reverse transcriptase activity","volume":"125","author":"Koh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1038\/6010","article-title":"Direct activation of TERT transcription by c-MYC","volume":"21","author":"Wu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib37","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Wilms tumor","author":"Leslie","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"909","DOI":"10.1097\/00000478-199608000-00001","article-title":"Focal versus diffuse anaplasia in Wilms tumor\u2014new definitions with prognostic significance","volume":"20","author":"Faria","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41585-018-0100-3","article-title":"The UMBRELLA SIOP\u2013RTSG 2016 Wilms tumour pathology and molecular biology protocol","volume":"15","author":"Vujani\u0107","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Urol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers12030729","article-title":"Renal tumors of childhood\u2014a histopathologic pattern-based diagnostic approach","volume":"12","author":"Ooms","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.07358","article-title":"CITED1 expression in Wilms\u2019 tumor and embryonic kidney","volume":"9","author":"Lovvorn","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2866","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.32855","article-title":"Outcome analysis of stage I epithelial-predominant favorable-histology Wilms tumors: a report from Children\u2019s Oncology Group study AREN03B2","volume":"126","author":"Parsons","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1332","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33707","article-title":"Prognostic significance of histopathological response to preoperative chemotherapy in unilateral Wilms\u2019 tumor: an analysis of 899 patients treated on the SIOP WT 2001 protocol in the UK-CCLG and GPOH studies","volume":"149","author":"Vujani\u0107","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1026","DOI":"10.1111\/his.14632","article-title":"Pathology of Wilms\u2019 tumour in International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP) and Children\u2019s Oncology Group (COG) renal tumour studies: similarities and differences","volume":"80","author":"Vujani\u0107","year":"2022","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib45","series-title":"Datasets: paediatric renal tumours","year":"2023"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib46","series-title":"Protocol for the examination of resection specimens from patients with Wilms and other pediatric renal tumors","author":"Rudzinski","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0109924","article-title":"TP53 mutational status is a potential marker for risk stratification in Wilms tumour with diffuse anaplasia","volume":"9","author":"Maschietto","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7312","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.01.2799","article-title":"Loss of heterozygosity for chromosomes 1p and 16q is an adverse prognostic factor in favorable-histology Wilms tumor: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group","volume":"23","author":"Grundy","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3189","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2015.66.1140","article-title":"Association of chromosome 1q gain with inferior survival in favorable-histology Wilms tumor: a report from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"34","author":"Gratias","year":"2016","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.468","article-title":"Stratification of Wilms tumor by genetic and epigenetic analysis","volume":"3","author":"Scott","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"742","DOI":"10.1593\/neo.12714","article-title":"Clinically relevant subsets identified by gene expression patterns support a revised ontogenic model of Wilms tumor: a Children\u2019s Oncology Group Study","volume":"14","author":"Gadd","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neoplasia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1002\/path.4196","article-title":"Biallelic DICER1 mutations occur in Wilms tumours","volume":"230","author":"Wu","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1042\/BST0320932","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation by the Wilms\u2019 tumour suppressor protein WT1","volume":"32","author":"Wagner","year":"2004","journal-title":"Biochem Soc Trans"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.127098","article-title":"Prohibitin is a prognostic marker and therapeutic target to block chemotherapy resistance in Wilms\u2019 tumor","volume":"4","author":"Ortiz","year":"2019","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib55","series-title":"Molecular Testing in Cancer","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3269","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2003.01.062","article-title":"Older age is an adverse prognostic factor in stage I, favorable histology Wilms\u2019 tumor treated with vincristine monochemotherapy: a study by the United Kingdom Children\u2019s Cancer Study Group, Wilm\u2019s Tumor Working Group","volume":"21","author":"Pritchard-Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2020.03.025","article-title":"Epigenetic footprint enables molecular risk stratification of hepatoblastoma with clinical implications","volume":"73","author":"Carrillo-Reixach","year":"2020","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"480","DOI":"10.1177\/10668969211070178","article-title":"Surgical pathology diagnostic pitfalls of hepatoblastoma","volume":"30","author":"Morgan Auld","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s40880-019-0411-7","article-title":"Incidence trends and survival prediction of hepatoblastoma in children: a population-based study","volume":"39","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancer Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e115","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-0710","article-title":"Surveillance recommendations for children with overgrowth syndromes and predisposition to Wilms tumors and hepatoblastoma","volume":"23","author":"Kalish","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e107","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-17-0790","article-title":"Cancer screening recommendations and clinical management of inherited gastrointestinal cancer syndromes in childhood","volume":"23","author":"Achatz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib62","series-title":"Liver Cancer","article-title":"Hepatoblastoma","author":"Hager","year":"2021"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib63","series-title":"Sternberg\u2019s Diagnostic Surgical Pathology","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.12239.1","article-title":"Hepatoblastoma: current understanding, recent advances, and controversies","volume":"7","author":"Czauderna","year":"2018","journal-title":"F1000Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"925","DOI":"10.1002\/gcc.22390","article-title":"Small cell undifferentiated (SCUD) hepatoblastomas: all malignant rhabdoid tumors?","volume":"55","author":"Vokuhl","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genes Chromosomes Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s41241-017-0021-0","article-title":"The genetic and epigenetic landscapes of hepatoblastomas","volume":"37","author":"Aguiar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appl Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2020.00556","article-title":"Insights into the somatic mutation burden of hepatoblastomas from Brazilian patients","volume":"10","author":"Aguiar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11020333","article-title":"Pediatric primary hepatic tumors: diagnostic considerations","volume":"11","author":"Lucas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Diagnostics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.80","article-title":"Towards an international pediatric liver tumor consensus classification: proceedings of the Los Angeles COG liver tumors symposium","volume":"27","author":"L\u00f3pez-Terrada","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.21037\/jgo.2018.01.08","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemical study of hepatoblastoma: correlation with tumour behaviour and survival","volume":"9","author":"Kiruthiga","year":"2018","journal-title":"J\u00a0Gastrointest Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(16)30598-8","article-title":"Risk-stratified staging in paediatric hepatoblastoma: a unified analysis from the Children\u2019s Hepatic tumors International Collaboration","volume":"18","author":"Meyers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1992","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers11121992","article-title":"Malignant rhabdoid tumor, an aggressive tumor often misclassified as small cell variant of hepatoblastoma","volume":"11","author":"Fazlollahi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cancers (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28888","article-title":"Genomic analysis of hepatoblastoma identifies distinct molecular and prognostic subgroups","volume":"65","author":"Sumazin","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.08.009","article-title":"The genomic landscape of hepatoblastoma and their progenies with HCC-like features","volume":"61","author":"Eichenm\u00fcller","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.5858\/2007-131-520-PFTEOS","article-title":"Protocol for the examination of specimens from pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma","volume":"131","author":"Finegold","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Pathol Lab Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1111\/his.12187","article-title":"SALL4 is a marker of the embryonal subtype of hepatoblastoma","volume":"63","author":"Gnemmi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1177\/1093526619875228","article-title":"Hepatoblastoma and pediatric hepatocellular carcinoma: an update","volume":"23","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29672","article-title":"New insights into diagnosis and therapeutic options for proliferative hepatoblastoma","volume":"68","author":"Hooks","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1038\/s41575-018-0075-9","article-title":"Wnt\u2013\u03b2-catenin signalling in liver development, health and disease","volume":"16","author":"Perugorria","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib80","series-title":"Protocol for the examination of resection specimens from patients with hepatoblastoma","author":"Rudzinski","year":"2022"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1309\/AJCPA1WN7ARPCMKQ","article-title":"Dense pattern of embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, a lesion easily confused with alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"140","author":"Rudzinski","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Clin Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1615\/CritRevOncog.2015013800","article-title":"Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"20","author":"Shern","year":"2015","journal-title":"Crit Rev Oncog"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.28507","article-title":"Anaplastic rhabdomyosarcoma in TP53 germline mutation carriers","volume":"120","author":"Hettmer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2859","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.20.03060","article-title":"Genomic classification and clinical outcome in rhabdomyosarcoma: a report from an international consortium","volume":"39","author":"Shern","year":"2021","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3242","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.23929","article-title":"Prevalence and clinical impact of anaplasia in childhood rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"113","author":"Qualman","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s100249900076","article-title":"Intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma study: update for pathologists","volume":"1","author":"Qualman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatr Dev Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3844","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.05.3801","article-title":"Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with nonmetastatic rhabdomyosarcoma treated on intergroup rhabdomyosarcoma studies III and IV: the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"24","author":"Meza","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0051-2","article-title":"Rhabdomyosarcoma","volume":"5","author":"Skapek","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-018-0120-9","article-title":"MYOD1-mutant spindle cell and sclerosing rhabdomyosarcoma: an aggressive subtype irrespective of age. A reappraisal for molecular classification and risk stratification","volume":"32","author":"Agaram","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"issue":"Suppl 4","key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"iv79","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdy310","article-title":"Bone sarcomas: ESMO\u2013PaedCan\u2013EURACAN clinical practice guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up","volume":"29","author":"Casali","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-018-0003-x","article-title":"Ewing sarcoma","volume":"4","author":"Gr\u00fcnewald","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2009.24.5845","article-title":"Current treatment protocols have eliminated the prognostic advantage of type 1 fusions in Ewing sarcoma: a report from the Children\u2019s Oncology Group","volume":"28","author":"van Doorninck","year":"2010","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-009-0842-7","article-title":"Histological heterogeneity of Ewing\u2019s sarcoma\/PNET: an immunohistochemical analysis of 415 genetically confirmed cases with clinical support","volume":"455","author":"Llombart-Bosch","year":"2009","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000570","article-title":"CIC-rearranged sarcomas","volume":"40","author":"Yoshida","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2016.31","article-title":"Evaluation of NKX2-2 expression in round cell sarcomas and other tumors with EWSR1 rearrangement: imperfect specificity for Ewing sarcoma","volume":"29","author":"Hung","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B8.37346","article-title":"Ewing\u2019s sarcoma: only patients with 100% of necrosis after chemotherapy should be classified as having a good response","volume":"98-B","author":"Albergo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bone Joint J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otsr.2018.12.015","article-title":"Assessment of resection margins in bone sarcoma treated by neoadjuvant chemotherapy: literature review and guidelines of the bone group (GROUPOS) of the French sarcoma group and bone tumor study group (GSF-GETO\/RESOS)","volume":"105","author":"Gomez-Brouchet","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Traumatol Surg Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1248","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1998.16.4.1248","article-title":"EWS-FLI1 fusion transcript structure is an independent determinant of prognosis in Ewing\u2019s sarcoma","volume":"16","author":"de Alava","year":"1998","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1996.14.4.1245","article-title":"Does expression of different EWS chimeric transcripts define clinically distinct\u00a0risk\u00a0groups of Ewing tumor patients?","volume":"14","author":"Zoubek","year":"1996","journal-title":"J\u00a0Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/362173","article-title":"Copy number alterations and methylation in Ewing\u2019s sarcoma","author":"Jahromi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sarcoma"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1342","DOI":"10.1158\/2159-8290.CD-14-0622","article-title":"Genomic landscape of Ewing sarcoma defines an aggressive subtype with co-association of STAG2 and TP53 mutations","volume":"4","author":"Tirode","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Discov"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"941","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000846","article-title":"Sarcomas with CIC-rearrangements are a distinct pathologic entity with aggressive outcome","volume":"41","author":"Antonescu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000965","article-title":"BCOR-CCNB3 fusion positive sarcomas: a clinicopathologic and molecular analysis of 36 cases with comparison to morphologic spectrum and clinical behavior of other round cell sarcomas","volume":"42","author":"Kao","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2191","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.25210","article-title":"Ewing-like sarcomas with BCOR-CCNB3 fusion transcript: a clinical, radiological and pathological retrospective study from the Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Fran\u00e7aise des Cancers de L\u2019Enfant","volume":"61","author":"Cohen-Gogo","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000934","article-title":"Clinicopathologic diversity of undifferentiated sarcoma with BCOR-CCNB3 fusion","volume":"41","author":"Matsuyama","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1177\/1093526617698263","article-title":"BCOR-CCNB3 undifferentiated sarcoma\u2014does immunohistochemistry help in the identification?","volume":"20","author":"Ludwig","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pediatr Devel Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000223","article-title":"BCOR-CCNB3 (Ewing-like) sarcoma","volume":"38","author":"Puls","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"373","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-017-2072-8","article-title":"Histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of undifferentiated small round cell sarcomas associated with CIC-DUX4 and BCOR-CCNB3 fusion genes","volume":"470","author":"Yamada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Virchows Arch"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2014.139","article-title":"BCOR\u2013CCNB3 fusions are frequent in undifferentiated sarcomas of male children","volume":"28","author":"Peters","year":"2015","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13001","article-title":"BCOR-CCNB3-positive soft tissue sarcoma with round-cell and spindle-cell histology: a series of four cases highlighting the pitfall of mimicking poorly differentiated synovial sarcoma","volume":"69","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/j.path.2020.08.004","article-title":"Round cell sarcomas","volume":"13","author":"Nagy","year":"2020","journal-title":"Surg Pathol Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humpath.2019.05.001","article-title":"EWSR1\/FUS-NFATc2 rearranged round cell sarcoma: clinicopathological series of 4 cases and literature review","volume":"90","author":"Diaz-Perez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hum Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000001183","article-title":"Spindle and round cell sarcoma with EWSR1-PATZ1 gene fusion","volume":"43","author":"Chougule","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Surg Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2017.49","article-title":"EWSR1 fusion proteins mediate PAX7 expression in Ewing sarcoma","volume":"30","author":"Charville","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1111\/his.13689","article-title":"PAX7 immunohistochemical evaluation of Ewing sarcoma and other small round cell tumours","volume":"73","author":"Toki","year":"2018","journal-title":"Histopathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1007\/s12105-021-01285-w","article-title":"Round cell sarcoma with EWSR1-PATZ1 fusion in the face of a five-year-old boy: report of a case with unusual histologic features","volume":"15","author":"Yau","year":"2021","journal-title":"Head Neck Pathol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007_bib117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1038\/s41379-019-0301-1","article-title":"Clinical, pathological, and genomic features of EWSR1-PATZ1 fusion sarcoma","volume":"32","author":"Bridge","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mod Pathol"}],"container-title":["Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302523003379?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031302523003379?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,21]],"date-time":"2025-09-21T16:32:47Z","timestamp":1758472367000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031302523003379"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"references-count":117,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031302523003379"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3025"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3025","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prognostic and predictive biomarkers in paediatric solid tumours","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pathol.2023.11.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2024 Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}