{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T22:11:22Z","timestamp":1790979082060,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]],"date-time":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"USPHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32 AA007456"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32 AA007456"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"USPHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 DA035281"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 DA035281"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"USPHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K99 DA047413"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K99 DA047413"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007197","name":"USPHS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R44 DA041967"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R44 DA041967"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007197","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"UCSD Chancellor's Post-doctoral Fellowship Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005188","name":"Tobacco-Related Disease Research program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T31IP1832"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T31IP1832"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005188","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,23]],"date-time":"2020-10-23T21:42:33Z","timestamp":1603489353000},"page":"173061","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Female rats self-administer heroin by vapor inhalation"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"199","author":[{"given":"Arnold","family":"Gutierrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques D.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin M.","family":"Creehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Taffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbr.2019.112254","article-title":"Creatine transporter knockout mice (Slc6a8) show increases in serotonin-related proteins and are resilient to learned helplessness","volume":"377","author":"Abdulla","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1423","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2018.1693","article-title":"The emerging role of inhaled heroin in the opioid epidemic: a review","volume":"75","author":"Alambyan","year":"2018","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2012.261","article-title":"The NK1 receptor antagonist L822429 reduces heroin reinforcement","volume":"38","author":"Barbier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(00)00204-0","article-title":"Differences in severity of heroin dependence by route of administration: the importance of length of heroin use","volume":"63","author":"Barrio","year":"2001","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(01)00396-5","article-title":"Behavioral profile of rats submitted to session 1-session 2 in the elevated plus-maze during diurnal\/nocturnal phases and under different illumination conditions","volume":"132","author":"Bertoglio","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcx178","article-title":"A cloud on the horizon-a survey into the use of electronic vaping devices for recreational drug and new psychoactive substance (NPS) administration","volume":"111","author":"Blundell","year":"2018","journal-title":"QJM"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2010.09.013","article-title":"Comparison of the elevated plus and elevated zero mazes in treated and untreated male Sprague-Dawley rats: effects of anxiolytic and anxiogenic agents","volume":"97","author":"Braun","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2018.07.031","article-title":"E-cigarettes-an unintended illicit drug delivery system","volume":"192","author":"Breitbarth","year":"2018","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130050983","article-title":"Heroin self-administration in dependent Wistar rats: increased sensitivity to naloxone","volume":"144","author":"Carrera","year":"1999","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2692","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301008","article-title":"Unlimited access to heroin self-administration: independent motivational markers of opiate dependence","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-3057(02)01039-0","article-title":"Gender differences in the intravenous self-administration of mu opiate agonists","volume":"74","author":"Cicero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"issue":"7500","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1038\/509282a","article-title":"Policy: NIH to balance sex in cell and animal studies","volume":"509","author":"Clayton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0065","article-title":"Flavors enhance nicotine vapor self-administration in male mice","author":"Cooper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nicotine Tob. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.01.003","article-title":"Intravenous self-administration of mephedrone, methylone and MDMA in female rats","volume":"92","author":"Creehan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244419","article-title":"One-trial tolerance to the anxiolytic effects of chlordiazepoxide in the plus-maze","volume":"100","author":"File","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1897","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2416-19.2020","article-title":"Vaporized Cannabis extracts have reinforcing properties and support conditioned drug-seeking behavior in rats","volume":"40","author":"Freels","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0085","series-title":"Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals","author":"Garber","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0090","first-page":"0","article-title":"A vapor exposure method for delivering heroin alters nociception, body temperature and spontaneous activity in female and male rats","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of neuroscience methods under review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0095","first-page":"1","article-title":"Self-administration of heroin by vapor inhalation in female Wistar rats","author":"Gutierrez","year":"2020","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00504983","article-title":"Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists in a maze-exploration model of \u2018fear\u2019-motivated behaviour","volume":"327","author":"Handley","year":"1984","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedeberg\u2019s Arch. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Drug overdose deaths in the United States, 1999-2017","author":"Hedegaard","year":"2018","journal-title":"NCHS Data Brief(329)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200703000-00022","article-title":"Characterization of the antinociceptive and pronociceptive effects of methadone in rats","volume":"106","author":"Holtman","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00445545","article-title":"Rats self-administer sufentanil in aerosol form","volume":"99","author":"Jaffe","year":"1989","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2541","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-018-4946-0","article-title":"Effects of Delta9-THC and cannabidiol vapor inhalation in male and female rats","volume":"235","author":"Javadi-Paydar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172741","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2019.172741","article-title":"Vapor inhalation of cannabidiol (CBD) in rats","volume":"184","author":"Javadi-Paydar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2019.01.027","article-title":"Effects of nicotine and THC vapor inhalation administered by an electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) in male rats","volume":"198","author":"Javadi-Paydar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/18.6.317","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of smoked heroin","volume":"18","author":"Jenkins","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Anal. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0140","first-page":"646","article-title":"American opium smokers","author":"Kane","year":"1881","journal-title":"Harper\u2019s Weekly"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0145","article-title":"The use of substances other than nicotine in electronic cigarettes among college students","volume":"11","author":"Kenne","year":"2017","journal-title":"Subst Abuse"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.5.2.99","article-title":"Sex differences in effects of predictable and unpredictable footshock on fentanyl self-administration in rats","volume":"5","author":"Klein","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0155","series-title":"Bemerkungen zu dem gefundenen Idol der Minoischen Gottheit des Mohns","first-page":"21","article-title":"Der Mohn, das Opium u. ihr Gebrauch im Spaetminoicum III","author":"Kritikos","year":"1960"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)20938-7","article-title":"Inhalation exposure to volatilized opioids produces antinociception in mice","volume":"279","author":"Lichtman","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1485","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2014.93","article-title":"Blockade of mGluR5 in the nucleus accumbens shell but not core attenuates heroin seeking behavior in rats","volume":"35","author":"Lou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2013.10.004","article-title":"\"Every 'never' I ever said came true\": transitions from opioid pills to heroin injecting","volume":"25","author":"Mars","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02247328","article-title":"Smoked heroin self-administration in rhesus monkeys","volume":"125","author":"Mattox","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1037\/1064-1297.5.2.113","article-title":"Smoked heroin and cocaine base (speedball) combinations in rhesus monkeys","volume":"5","author":"Mattox","year":"1997","journal-title":"Exp. Clin. Psychopharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2019.108458","article-title":"Modeling drug exposure in rodents using e-cigarettes and other electronic nicotine delivery systems","volume":"330","author":"Miliano","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1037\/h0043788","article-title":"The relation between fear induced by novel stimulation and exploratory behavior","volume":"48","author":"Montgomery","year":"1955","journal-title":"J Comp Physiol Psychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0195","article-title":"Translational models of cannabinoid vapor exposure in laboratory animals","author":"Moore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabc0413","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abc0413","article-title":"Fentanyl vapor self-administration model in mice to study opioid addiction","volume":"6","author":"Moussawi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2016.88","article-title":"Locomotor stimulant and rewarding effects of inhaling methamphetamine, MDPV, and mephedrone via electronic cigarette-type technology","volume":"41","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2016.05.021","article-title":"Inhaled delivery of Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) to rats by e-cigarette vapor technology","volume":"109","author":"Nguyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.005","article-title":"Effective active vaccination against methamphetamine in female rats","volume":"175","author":"Nguyen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2018.06.026","article-title":"Prophylactic vaccination protects against the development of oxycodone self-administration","volume":"138","author":"Nguyen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2019.04.010","article-title":"Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol attenuates oxycodone self-administration under extended access conditions","volume":"151","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"188","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.14856","article-title":"Lasting effects of repeated (9) -tetrahydrocannabinol vapour inhalation during adolescence in male and female rats","volume":"177","author":"Nguyen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0270(85)90031-7","article-title":"Validation of open: closed arm entries in an elevated plus-maze as a measure of anxiety in the rat","volume":"14","author":"Pellow","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-008-1378-2","article-title":"Free versus forced exposure to an elevated plus-maze: evidence for new behavioral interpretations during test and retest","volume":"203","author":"Roy","year":"2009","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"50\u201351","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1378","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6450a3","article-title":"Increases in drug and opioid overdose deaths\u2013United States, 2000-2014","volume":"64","author":"Rudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"50\u201351","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm655051e1","article-title":"Increases in drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths - United States, 2010-2015","volume":"65","author":"Rudd","year":"2016","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05932.x","article-title":"MDMA self-administration in rats: acquisition, progressive ratio responding and serotonin transporter binding","volume":"26","author":"Schenk","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"49","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19384","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1979-13.2013","article-title":"Long-term antagonism of kappa opioid receptors prevents escalation of and increased motivation for heroin intake","volume":"33","author":"Schlosburg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"5152","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm675152e1","article-title":"Drug and opioid-involved overdose deaths - United States, 2013-2017","volume":"67","author":"Scholl","year":"2018","journal-title":"MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly Rep."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0207804","article-title":"Repeated elevated plus maze trials as a measure for tracking within-subjects behavioral performance in rats (Rattus norvegicus)","volume":"13","author":"Schrader","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2018.01.007","article-title":"Sex differences in behavioral strategies: avoiding interpretational pitfalls","volume":"49","author":"Shansky","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Neurobiol."},{"issue":"47","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11817","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1390-16.2016","article-title":"Considering sex as a biological variable will be valuable for neuroscience research","volume":"36","author":"Shansky","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02244871","article-title":"Behavioural and pharmacological characterisation of the elevated \u201czero-maze\u201d as an animal model of anxiety","volume":"116","author":"Shepherd","year":"1994","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2011.08.025","article-title":"Access to a running wheel inhibits the acquisition of cocaine self-administration","volume":"100","author":"Smith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijdevneu.2016.08.007","article-title":"Perinatal exposure to the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor citalopram alters spatial learning and memory, anxiety, depression, and startle in Sprague-Dawley rats","volume":"54","author":"Sprowles","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Dev. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7517-11-18","article-title":"SMOKE IT! Promoting a change of opiate consumption pattern - from injecting to inhaling","volume":"11","author":"Stover","year":"2014","journal-title":"Harm Reduct. J."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1997.tb02927.x","article-title":"Heroin smoking by \u2018chasing the dragon\u2019: origins and history","volume":"92","author":"Strang","year":"1997","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1659","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(84)90637-4","article-title":"Evaluation of 3,6-dibutanoylmorphine as an analgesic in vivo: comparison with morphine and 3,6-diacetylmorphine","volume":"34","author":"Tasker","year":"1984","journal-title":"Life Sci."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.1097\/00008877-200212000-00002","article-title":"Anxiety conditioned to nicotine in the elevated plus-maze is time dependent","volume":"13","author":"Tucci","year":"2002","journal-title":"Behav. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"538","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2015.08.030","article-title":"Intravenous self-administration of entactogen-class stimulants in male rats","volume":"99","author":"Vandewater","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuropharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2017.172","article-title":"Compulsive-like sufentanil vapor self-administration in rats","volume":"43","author":"Vendruscolo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addbeh.2015.02.014","article-title":"Progression to regular heroin use: examination of patterns, predictors, and consequences","volume":"45","author":"Woodcock","year":"2015","journal-title":"Addict. Behav."}],"container-title":["Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091305720305943?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0091305720305943?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]],"date-time":"2025-09-25T04:41:03Z","timestamp":1758775263000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0091305720305943"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"references-count":66,"alternative-id":["S0091305720305943"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.03.30.016725","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0091-3057"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0091-3057","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Female rats self-administer heroin by vapor inhalation","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pbb.2020.173061","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"173061"}}