{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:48:55Z","timestamp":1792169335855,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:04:13Z","timestamp":1792166653000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Living longer but not healthier: Global differences in longevity and cardiometabolic health"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Ali bin Abdul","family":"Jabbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahnoor","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Hyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sana","family":"Sheikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salil","family":"Deo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabha","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dinesh","family":"Kalra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amirhossein","family":"Sahebkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Samad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva Raj","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salim S.","family":"Virani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10513","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1731","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01330-3","article-title":"Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950\u20132023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","volume":"406","author":"Schumacher","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10441","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00850-X","article-title":"Contribution of vaccination to improved survival and health: modelling 50 years of the Expanded Programme on Immunization","volume":"403","author":"Shattock","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10440","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00685-8","article-title":"Burden of disease scenarios for 204 countries and territories, 2022\u20132050: a forecasting analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"403","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0025","article-title":"Benchmarking life expectancy and cancer mortality: global comparison with cardiovascular disease 1981-2010","volume":"357","author":"Cao","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"10513","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01637-X","volume":"406","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10009","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)61340-X","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990-2013: quantifying the epidemiological transition","volume":"386","author":"Murray","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2025.08.015","article-title":"Global, regional, and National Burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2023","volume":"86","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"Suppl_1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/cir.153.suppl_1.WE446","article-title":"Abstract WE446: global macroeconomic impact of cardiovascular disease: a value of lost welfare analysis, 1990\u20132023","volume":"153","author":"Gopi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10440","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)00757-8","volume":"403","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.50241","article-title":"Global healthspan-lifespan gaps among 183 World Health Organization member states","volume":"7","author":"Garmany","year":"2024","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2019.11.062","article-title":"Biological versus chronological aging: JACC focus seminar","volume":"75","author":"Hamczyk","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.05.038","article-title":"Impact of geroscience on therapeutic strategies for older adults with cardiovascular disease: JACC scientific statement","volume":"82","author":"Forman","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10258","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30977-6","article-title":"Global age-sex-specific fertility, mortality, healthy life expectancy (HALE), and population estimates in 204 countries and territories, 1950\u20132019: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Lond Engl"},{"issue":"20","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1606","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000001184","article-title":"Cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic health: a presidential advisory from the American Heart Association","volume":"148","author":"Ndumele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2022.112056","article-title":"Association between metabolic syndrome and risk of both prevalent and incident frailty in older adults: findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)","volume":"172","author":"McCarthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exger.2023.112314","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome accelerates epigenetic ageing in older adults: findings from The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA)","volume":"183","author":"McCarthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Gerontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-026-02355-7","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular disease: what should be expected in the next 25 years?","volume":"28","author":"Naeem","year":"2026","journal-title":"Curr Cardiol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0095","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden of cardiovascular diseases attributable to metabolic risks across all age groups from 1990 to 2021: an analysis of the 2021 global burden of disease study data","volume":"25","author":"Zhu","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0100","article-title":"Contribution of specific diseases and injuries to changes in health adjusted life expectancy in 187 countries from 1990 to 2013: retrospective observational study","volume":"364","author":"Chen","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e487","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(26)00098-8","article-title":"Global, regional, and national trends in the morbidity gap and contributing diseases, injuries, and risk factors, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","volume":"11","author":"Hay","year":"2026","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101329","article-title":"Cardiovascular health and healthy longevity in people with and without cardiometabolic disease: a prospective cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-025-04469-2","article-title":"The long-term effects of cardiometabolic risk factors on mortality and life expectancy: evidence from a health check-up cohort study","volume":"25","author":"Chung","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2415879","article-title":"Global effect of cardiovascular risk factors on lifetime estimates","volume":"393","author":"Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium","year":"2025","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0125","article-title":"Global, regional, and National Death, and Disability-Adjusted Life-Years (DALYs) for cardiovascular disease in 2017 and trends and risk analysis from 1990 to 2017 using the global burden of disease study and implications for prevention","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Public Health"},{"issue":"10159","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1859","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)32335-3","article-title":"Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"392","author":"GBD 2017 DALYs and HALE Collaborators.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0135","article-title":"The impact of human development on individual health: a causal mediation analysis examining pathways through education and body mass index","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-021-11348-w","article-title":"Trend analysis of disability adjusted life years due to cardiovascular diseases: results from the global burden of disease study 2019","volume":"21","author":"Masaebi","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2024-097748","article-title":"Comparative analysis of metabolic risks and related non-communicable disease burden across sociodemographic index regions from 1990 to 2021","volume":"15","author":"Ding","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"10509","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01388-1","article-title":"Benchmarking progress in non-communicable diseases: a global analysis of cause-specific mortality from 2001 to 2019","volume":"406","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e172","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-2667(25)00009-X","article-title":"Changing life expectancy in European countries 1990\u20132021: a subanalysis of causes and risk factors from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"10","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dys135","article-title":"Convergence of non-communicable and infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries","volume":"42","author":"Remais","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(13)70015-X","article-title":"Tuberculosis comorbidity with communicable and non-communicable diseases: integrating health services and control efforts","volume":"13","author":"Marais","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.02.028","article-title":"Are unhealthy diets contributing to the rapid rise of type 2 diabetes in India?","volume":"153","author":"Mohan","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2022.10.001","article-title":"South Asian ethnicity: what can we do to make this risk enhancer a risk equivalent?","volume":"75","author":"Gupta","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"10226","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32007-0","article-title":"Variations in common diseases, hospital admissions, and deaths in middle-aged adults in 21 countries from five continents (PURE): a prospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Dagenais","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.054516","article-title":"Social vulnerability and premature cardiovascular mortality among US counties, 2014 to 2018","volume":"144","author":"Khan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"10513","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(25)01917-8","article-title":"Global burden of 292 causes of death in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1990\u20132023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023","volume":"406","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s11883-023-01110-5","article-title":"The pandemic of coronary heart disease in South Asia: what clinicians need to know","volume":"25","author":"Gupta","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Atheroscler Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000580","article-title":"Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in south Asians in the United States: epidemiology, risk factors, and treatments: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"138","author":"Volgman","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2023.12.012","article-title":"Vascular regenerative cell deficiencies in South Asian adults","volume":"83","author":"Krishnaraj","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.70216","article-title":"Burden of type 2 diabetes in Asia-Pacific regions, 1990-2021: GBD 2021 analysis with forecast to 2050","volume":"43","author":"Zhu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Diabet Med J Br Diabet Assoc"},{"issue":"30","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2831","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehac249","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease, mortality, and their associations with modifiable risk factors in a multi-national South Asia cohort: a PURE substudy","volume":"43","author":"Joseph","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2982","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.11.010","article-title":"Global burden of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: update from the GBD 2019 Study","volume":"76","author":"Roth","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10469","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2314","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(24)01446-6","article-title":"The burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors by state in the USA, 1990\u20132021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","volume":"404","author":"Mokdad","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1218","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mayocp.2020.08.036","article-title":"Geographic inequalities in cardiovascular mortality in the United States: 1999 to 2018","volume":"96","author":"Parcha","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mayo Clin Proc"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1852","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2047","article-title":"Rural-urban differences in cardiovascular mortality in the US, 1999-2017","volume":"323","author":"Cross","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"25","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.03.080","article-title":"Widening rural-urban cardiometabolic mortality gap in the United States, 1999 to 2017","volume":"75","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"10345","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)00876-5","article-title":"Life expectancy by county, race, and ethnicity in the USA, 2000-19: a systematic analysis of health disparities","volume":"400","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.123.029765","article-title":"The role of social determinants of health in cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella review","volume":"12","author":"Teshale","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Am Heart Assoc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2025.101875","article-title":"Exposing inequality","volume":"4","author":"Thamman","year":"2025","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"issue":"13","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.12.003","article-title":"Taking a stand against air pollution-the impact on cardiovascular disease: a joint opinion from the World Heart Federation, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"77","author":"Brauer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacadv.2023.100815","article-title":"Environmental pollution and cardiovascular disease: part 1 of 2: air pollution","volume":"3","author":"Sagheer","year":"2024","journal-title":"JACC Adv"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0270","article-title":"PM2.5 and cardiovascular diseases: state-of-the-art review","volume":"19","author":"Krittanawong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Cardiol Cardiovasc Risk Prev"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13467","article-title":"Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses","volume":"291","author":"de Bont","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"issue":"27","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3474","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehag270","article-title":"Environmental risk factors and cardiovascular health: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology","volume":"47","author":"Piepoli","year":"2026","journal-title":"Eur Heart J"},{"issue":"9967","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60569-9","article-title":"Causes of international increases in older age life expectancy","volume":"385","author":"Mathers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0290","author":"Noncommunicable Diseases Progress Monitor"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2028220","article-title":"Polypill with or without aspirin in persons without cardiovascular disease","volume":"384","author":"Yusuf","year":"2021","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2208275","article-title":"Polypill strategy in secondary cardiovascular prevention","volume":"387","author":"Castellano","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"10306","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)01827-4","article-title":"Fixed-dose combination therapies with and without aspirin for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"398","author":"Joseph","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e895","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(16)30217-0","article-title":"The commercial determinants of health","volume":"4","author":"Kickbusch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"issue":"10184","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1958","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30041-8","article-title":"Health effects of dietary risks in 195 countries, 1990\u20132017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017","volume":"393","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1007\/s12170-025-00767-8","article-title":"Reducing air pollution and CV disparities by greenification in urban environments\u2013 a path forward","volume":"19","author":"Converse","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Cardiovasc Risk Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-024-03830-1","article-title":"Association of greenspaces exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Sharifi","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Cardiovasc Disord"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4354","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph120404354","article-title":"Mental health benefits of long-term exposure to residential green and blue spaces: a systematic review","volume":"12","author":"Gascon","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e432","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000930","article-title":"Guidance to reduce the cardiovascular burden of ambient air pollutants: a policy statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"142","author":"Kaufman","year":"2020","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2025.12.007","article-title":"Longitudinal study of cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome risk assessment among adolescents and young adults (10-45 years) in Pakistan (LIFECARD): study design and methodology","author":"Sheikh","year":"2026","journal-title":"Prog Cardiovasc Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0350","first-page":"e50","article-title":"2026 AHA\/ACC\/ADA\/ASN guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome: a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association joint committee on clinical practice guidelines","volume":"154","author":"Writing Committee Members","year":"2026","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2026-120259","article-title":"Availability, treatment costs and affordability of SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 RAs for diabetes in 10 countries: a cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(21)00240-0","article-title":"Expanding access to newer medicines for people with type 2 diabetes in low-income and middle-income countries: a cost-effectiveness and price target analysis","volume":"9","author":"Global Health & Population Project on Access to Care for Cardiometabolic Diseases (HPACC)","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033062026001167?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0033062026001167?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T16:04:20Z","timestamp":1792166660000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0033062026001167"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":70,"alternative-id":["S0033062026001167"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0033-0620"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0033-0620","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Living longer but not healthier: Global differences in longevity and cardiometabolic health","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcad.2026.10.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}