{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T19:40:01Z","timestamp":1735674001801,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":136,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,2,1]],"date-time":"2005-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1107216000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,4,18]],"date-time":"2005-04-18T14:53:11Z","timestamp":1113835991000},"page":"25-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The College Athlete"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Dilip R.","family":"Patel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donald E.","family":"Greydanus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Sr","given":"Eugene F.","family":"Luckstead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib1","series-title":"The history and practice of college health","first-page":"263","article-title":"Special issues in athletic medicine","author":"Jenkins","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200405000-00012","article-title":"Optimizing the collegiate preparticipation physical evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Joy","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib3","first-page":"1","article-title":"Value of sports pre-participation examination in health care for adolescents","volume":"10","author":"Greydanus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199901000-00002","article-title":"Preparticipation physical examinations: a collegiate experience","volume":"9","author":"Lively","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1785","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000089353.24886.BB","article-title":"Female athlete issues for the team physician: a consensus statement","volume":"35","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(02)00005-6","article-title":"The female athlete. Before and beyond puberty","volume":"49","author":"Greydanus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199710000-00004","article-title":"Lifestyle and health risks of collegiate athletes: a multi-center study","volume":"7","author":"Nattive","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-199607000-00008","article-title":"Substance abuse and other risk behaviors in collegiate athletes","volume":"6","author":"Kokotailo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib9","first-page":"141","article-title":"Sports participation, risk taking, and health risk behaviors","volume":"11","author":"Patel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adol Med"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"Preparticipation physical evaluation monograph","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib10"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200405000-00002","article-title":"Preparticipation evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Wingfield","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200405000-00003","article-title":"Preparticipation orthopedic screening evaluation","volume":"14","author":"Garrick","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"Sports medicine handbook","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib13"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(02)00015-9","article-title":"Cardiac risk factors and participation guidelines for youth sports","volume":"49","author":"Luckstead","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.12.1597","article-title":"Preparticipation cardiovascular screening for US collegiate student-athletes","volume":"283","author":"Pfister","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546503261694","article-title":"Automated external defibrillators in National Collegiate Athletic Association division I athletics","volume":"32","author":"Coris","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2003-45227","article-title":"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy\u2013sports-related aspects of diagnosis, therapy, and sports eligibility","volume":"25","author":"Hipp","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.03.002","article-title":"Does sports activity enhance the risk of sudden death in adolescents and young adults?","volume":"42","author":"Corrado","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(02)00071-6","article-title":"Sudden cardiac death","volume":"22","author":"Hosey","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(02)00040-6","article-title":"Preparticipation cardiovascular screening","volume":"22","author":"Seto","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200405000-00004","article-title":"Cardiovascular screening of athletes","volume":"14","author":"Beckerman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1064","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra022783","article-title":"Sudden death in young athletes","volume":"349","author":"Maron","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.4.850","volume":"94","author":"Maron","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90836-2","article-title":"26th Bethesda Conference. Recommendations for determining eligibility for competition in athletes with cardiovascular abnormalities","volume":"24","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1996.03540030033028","article-title":"Sudden death in young competitive athletes: clinical, demographic and pathological profiles","volume":"276","author":"Maron","year":"1996","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.581","article-title":"The management of concussion in sports","volume":"48","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.3810\/psm.2002.02.176","article-title":"Summary and agreement statement of the first International Conference on Concussion in Sport, Vienna 2001","volume":"30","author":"Aubry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270052401","article-title":"Concussion in sports","volume":"27","author":"Wojtys","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.10.989","article-title":"Traumatic brain injury and concussion in sports","volume":"282","author":"Kelly","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200302000-00005","article-title":"Epidemiology and pathophysiology of minor traumatic brain injury","volume":"2","author":"Grindel","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1080\/0269905031000088869","article-title":"Incidence of concussion in contact sports: a systematic review of the evidence","volume":"17","author":"Koh","year":"2003","journal-title":"Brain Inj"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200107000-00006","article-title":"Evidence based review of sport related concussion: basic science","volume":"11","author":"McCrory","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200107000-00005","article-title":"Evidence based review of sport related concussion: clinical science","volume":"11","author":"Johnston","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib34","first-page":"26","article-title":"Head injury in athletes","volume":"48","author":"Bailes","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200131080-00007","article-title":"Recommendations for grading of concussion in athletes","volume":"31","author":"Leclerc","year":"2001","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200202000-00004","article-title":"The clinical management of sports concussion","volume":"1","author":"Collins","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(01)00797-9","article-title":"A contemporary neurosurgical approach to sport related head injury: the McGill concussion protocol","volume":"192","author":"Johnston","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Am Coll Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.1986.11709197","article-title":"Guidelines for return to contact sports after a cerebral concussion","volume":"14","author":"Cantu","year":"1986","journal-title":"Phys Sportsmed"},{"year":"1991","series-title":"Guidelines for the management of concussion in sports","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib39"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200202000-00005","article-title":"Mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"1","author":"Gebke","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Sport Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200007000-00012","article-title":"Canadian Academy of Sports Medicine Guidelines for assessment and management of sport-related concussion","volume":"10","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib42","first-page":"659","article-title":"Cerebral concussion in athletes: evaluation and neuropsychological testing","volume":"47","author":"Maroon","year":"2000","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200107000-00003","article-title":"The assessment of sport-related concussion: the evidence behind neuropsychological testing and management","volume":"11","author":"Grindel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.35.5.297","article-title":"Computerised cognitive assessment of athletes with sports related head injury","volume":"35","author":"Collie","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.1016\/S0733-8619(18)30185-3","article-title":"Cognitive impairment following closed head injury","volume":"10","author":"Capruso","year":"1992","journal-title":"Neurologic Clinic"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.59.7.1068","article-title":"Severity of sports-related concussion and neuropsychological test performance","volume":"59","author":"Hinton-Bayre","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324826AN1001_6","article-title":"Computer-based assessment of sports-related concussion","volume":"10","author":"Schatz","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2003.190","article-title":"Does age play a role in recovery from sports-related concussion? A comparison of high school and collegiate athletes","volume":"142","author":"Field","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib49","first-page":"167","article-title":"Repeated measures of cognitive processing efficiency in adolescent athletes: implications for monitoring recovery from concussion","volume":"12","author":"Daniel","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatry Neuropsychol Behav Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200401000-00004","article-title":"Sports-related and gender differences on neuropsychological measures of frontal lobe functioning","volume":"14","author":"Ryan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200101000-00005","article-title":"Neuropsychological test performance prior to and following sports-related mild traumatic brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Echemendia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib52","first-page":"103","article-title":"Neuropsychological impairment in soccer athletes","volume":"42","author":"Downs","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Sport Med Phys Fitness"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.10.971","article-title":"Neuropsychological impairment in amateur soccer players","volume":"282","author":"Aster","year":"1999","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200007133430204","article-title":"Indications for computed tomography in patients with minor head injury","volume":"343","author":"Haydel","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.74.3.326","article-title":"A study of persistent post-concussion symptoms in mild head trauma using positron emission tomography","volume":"74","author":"Chen","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosur Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200202000-00006","article-title":"Treatment of recurrent concussion","volume":"1","author":"McCrory","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Sport Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsm.36.5.316","article-title":"What advice should we give to athletes postconcussion?","volume":"36","author":"McCrory","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.575","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of concussion in sports","volume":"48","author":"Kelly","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(20)31055-3","article-title":"Management guidelines for head injuries in athletics","volume":"6","author":"Bruno","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"723","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(02)00024-X","article-title":"Central nervous system trauma: management of concussions in athletes","volume":"49","author":"Landry","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2867","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1991.03470200079039","article-title":"Concussion in sports: guidelines for the prevention of catastrophic outcome","volume":"266","author":"Kelly","year":"1991","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1207\/S15324826AN1001_5","article-title":"Recency and frequency of soccer heading interact to decrease neurocognitive performance","volume":"10","author":"Webbe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Appl Neuropsychol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(02)00103-5","article-title":"Short-term and long-term outcome of athletic closed head injuries","volume":"22","author":"Webbe","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.3.677","article-title":"Second impact syndrome","volume":"50","author":"McCrory","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1037\/0894-4105.13.4.582","article-title":"Postconcussion syndrome following sports related head injury: expectation as etiology","volume":"13","author":"Ferguson","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuropsychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70058-2","article-title":"Outcome after mild head injury","volume":"17","author":"Macciocchi","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200107000-00011","article-title":"The cumulative effect of repetitive concussion in sports","volume":"11","author":"Robadi","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2549","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.19.2549","article-title":"Cumulative effects associated with recurrent concussion in collegiate football players: The NCAA Concussion Study","volume":"290","author":"Guskiewicz","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.791","article-title":"Chronic traumatic brain injury in professional soccer players","volume":"51","author":"Master","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1543","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504268041","article-title":"Ergogenic aids: a review of basic science, performance, side effects, and status in sports","volume":"32","author":"Tokish","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.14.1.104","article-title":"Nutritional supplement use among college athletes and their sources of information","volume":"14","author":"Froiland","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib72","article-title":"Nutritional supplement use young athletes: an update","volume":"20","author":"Patel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int Pediatr"},{"year":"1998","series-title":"The ergogenics edge: pushing the limits of sport performance","author":"Williams","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib73"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(01)00013-X","article-title":"Supplements and drugs used to enhance athletic performance","volume":"49","author":"Congeni","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-3955(02)00021-4","article-title":"Sport doping in the adolescent athlete: the hope, hype and hyperbole","volume":"49","author":"Greydanus","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatr Clin North Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2190\/JDFM-AVAK-G9FV-0MYY","article-title":"Alcohol misuse among college athletes: self-medication for psychiatric symptoms?","volume":"32","author":"Miller","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Drug Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pe41","DOI":"10.1126\/stke.2442004pe41","article-title":"Designer androgens in sport: when too much is never enough","volume":"27","author":"Handelsman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sci STKE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1097\/00007691-200404000-00016","article-title":"Recombinant erythropoietin and analogues: a challenge for doping control","volume":"26","author":"Pascual","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ther Drug Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345244","article-title":"Indirect evidence of hormone abuse. Proof of doping?","volume":"26","author":"Minuto","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03345232","article-title":"Erythropoietin","volume":"26","author":"Jelkmann","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200207000-00007","volume":"12","author":"Corrigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200207000-00005","article-title":"Strategies for rhEPO detection in sport","volume":"12","author":"Kazlauskas","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200208000-00005","article-title":"The role of protein and amino acid supplements in the athlete's diet: does type of timing of ingestion matter?","volume":"4","author":"Lemon","year":"2002","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-199911000-00019","article-title":"Amino acid supplements to improve athletic performance","volume":"2","author":"Wagenmakers","year":"1999","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(02)00807-9","article-title":"Use of amino acids as growth hormone-releasing agents by athletes","volume":"18","author":"Chromiak","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-001-0523-y","article-title":"Effect of glutamine supplementation combined with resistance training in young adults","volume":"86","author":"Candow","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200207000-00006","article-title":"DHEA and sport","volume":"12","author":"Corrigan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1700027","article-title":"Proof of the effect of testosterone on skeletal muscle","volume":"170","author":"Bhasin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.10.3.340","article-title":"Effects of anabolic precursors on serum testosterone concentrations and adaptations to esistance training in young men","volume":"10","author":"Brown","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-021231","article-title":"Testosterone dose-dependently increases maximal voluntary strength and leg power, but does not affect fatigability or specific tension","volume":"88","author":"Storer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.283.6.779","article-title":"Oral androstenedione administration and serum testosterone concentration in young men","volume":"283","author":"Leder","year":"2000","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib93","first-page":"367","article-title":"Conjugated linoleic acid: a review","volume":"6","author":"Kelly","year":"2001","journal-title":"Altern Med Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib94","first-page":"325","article-title":"Effects of conjugated linoleic acid supplementation during resistance training on body composition, bone density, strength, and selected hematological markers","volume":"16","author":"Kreider","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Strength Cond Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-001-0784-7","article-title":"Conjugated linoleic acid supplementation in humansmetabolic effects","volume":"36","author":"Smedman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1177\/147323000102900503","article-title":"Conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat in healthy exercising humans","volume":"29","author":"Thom","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/79.3.352","article-title":"Effects of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition and plasma lipids in humans: an overview of the literature","volume":"79","author":"Terpestra","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.11.3.349","article-title":"The effect of whey protein supplementation with and without creatine monohydrate combined with resistance training on lean tissue mass and muscle strength","volume":"11","author":"Burke","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib99","first-page":"945","article-title":"Does oral creatine supplementation improve strength? A metaanalysis","volume":"51","author":"Dempsey","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Fam Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200030030-00002","article-title":"Adverse effects of creatine supplementation: fact or fiction?","volume":"30","author":"Poortmans","year":"2000","journal-title":"Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-200003000-00024","article-title":"The physiological and health effects of oral creatine supplementation","volume":"32","year":"2000","journal-title":"Med Sci Sport Exer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1331\/154434504322713246","article-title":"Supplemental products used for weight loss","volume":"44","author":"Lenz","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Pharm Assoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000069916.49903.70","article-title":"Effects of ephedrine, caffeine, and their combination on muscular endurance","volume":"35","author":"Jacobs","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.12.1537","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of ephedra and ephedrine for weight loss and athletic performance: a meta-analysis","volume":"289","author":"Shekelle","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib105","first-page":"1239","article-title":"Herbal remedies: adverse effects and drug interactions","volume":"59","author":"Cupp","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1596","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.18.1596","article-title":"Garcinia cambogia (hydroxycitric acid) as a potential antiobesity agent: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"280","author":"Heymsfield","year":"1998","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.2.624S","article-title":"Selected herbals and human exercise performance","volume":"72","author":"Bucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551S","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/72.2.551S","article-title":"Protein supplements and exercise","volume":"72","author":"Wolfe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.10.2.208","article-title":"The effects of Tribulus terrestris on body composition and exercise performance in resistance-trained males","volume":"10","author":"Antonio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.10.2.208","article-title":"The effects of Tribulus terrestris on body composition and exercise performance in resistance trained males","volume":"10","author":"Antonio","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Sport Nutr Exer Metab"},{"year":"1992","series-title":"Sport injury assessment and rehabilitation","author":"Reid","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib111"},{"year":"2004","series-title":"DeLee and Drez's orthopedic sports medicine: principles and practice","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib112"},{"year":"2000","series-title":"Orthopedic physical assessment","author":"Mcgee","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib113"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib114","first-page":"311","article-title":"Evaluation and treatment of chronic ankle pain","volume":"53","author":"Mizel","year":"2004","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"issue":"7 Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S429","DOI":"10.1097\/00005768-199907001-00004","article-title":"Lateral ankle sprains: a comprehensive review: part 1: etiology, pathoanatomy, histopathogenesis, and diagnosis","volume":"31","author":"Safran","year":"1999","journal-title":"Med Sci Sports Exerc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib116","first-page":"S438","article-title":"Lateral ankle sprains. Part 2","volume":"31","author":"Safran","year":"1999","journal-title":"MSSE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib117","first-page":"515","article-title":"Ankle sprains","volume":"50","author":"Frey","year":"2001","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(24)00118-9","article-title":"Complex ankle instability","volume":"5","author":"Baker","year":"2000","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib119","first-page":"93","article-title":"Management of ankle sprains","volume":"63","author":"Wolfe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"753","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465990270061201","article-title":"The prevention of ankle sprains in sports. A systematic review of the literature","volume":"27","author":"Thacker","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib121","first-page":"CD000380","article-title":"Surgical versus conservative treatment for acute injuries of the lateral ligament complex of the ankle in adults","author":"Kerkhoffs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib122","first-page":"CD002938","article-title":"Different functional treatment strategies for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults","author":"Kerkhoffs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib123","first-page":"CD003762","article-title":"Immobilisation and functional treatment for acute lateral ankle ligament injuries in adults","author":"Kerkhoffs","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465030310063201","article-title":"The effect of ankle braces on the prevention of dynamic forced ankle inversion","volume":"31","author":"Ubell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2003.33.10.572","article-title":"The role of ankle bracing for prevention of ankle sprain injuries","volume":"33","author":"Gross","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-139-7-200310070-00010","article-title":"Evaluation of acute knee pain in primary care","volume":"139","author":"Jackson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-200005000-00001","article-title":"Noncontact ACL injuries: risk factors and prevention strategies","volume":"8","author":"Griffin","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Acad Orthop Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200402000-00027","article-title":"Low-back pain in athletes","volume":"86A","author":"Bono","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200402000-00008","article-title":"Etiology of low back pain in athletes","volume":"3","author":"Trainor","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200402000-00007","article-title":"Rehabilitation of the athlete with low back pain","volume":"3","author":"Standaert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1249\/00149619-200302000-00009","article-title":"Sacroiliac joint dysfunction in athletes","volume":"2","author":"Brolinson","year":"2003","journal-title":"Curr Sports Med Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmr.2003.12.006","article-title":"Shoulder impingement syndrome","volume":"15","author":"Chang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-5919(05)70265-9","article-title":"Impingement syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Almekinders","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Sports Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib134","first-page":"248","article-title":"Shoulder pain and the overhand athlete","volume":"32","author":"Ruotolo","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib135","first-page":"43","article-title":"Superior labral anterior and posterior lesions and internal impingement in the overhead athlete","volume":"52","author":"Jazrawi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Instr Course Lect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1097\/00042752-200305000-00009","article-title":"Therapeutic exercise and orthopedic manual therapy for impingement syndrome: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Desmeules","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin J Sport Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006_bib137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/03635465020300011201","article-title":"Current concepts in the rehabilitation of the overhead throwing athlete","volume":"30","author":"Wilk","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395504001348?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395504001348?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T19:08:43Z","timestamp":1735672123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031395504001348"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]},"references-count":136,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031395504001348"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2004.10.006","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3955"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-3955"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,2]]}}}