{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T13:20:31Z","timestamp":1760188831042},"reference-count":103,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,1]],"date-time":"2005-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133395200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,1,10]],"date-time":"2007-01-10T14:28:34Z","timestamp":1168439314000},"page":"1651-1675","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Insulin Analogues in Children and Teens with Type 1 Diabetes: Advantages and Caveats"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Marianna","family":"Rachmiel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kusiel","family":"Perlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Daneman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81106-X","article-title":"Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"85","author":"Tisch","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"14","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199309303291401","article-title":"The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"329","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(94)70190-3","article-title":"Effect of intensive diabetes treatment on the development and progression of long-term complications in adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: diabetes control and complications trial","volume":"125","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.118887","article-title":"Beneficial effects of intensive therapy of diabetes during adolescence: outcomes after the conclusion of diabetes control and complications trial","volume":"139","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.46.2.271","article-title":"Hypoglycemia in the diabetes control and complication trial research group","volume":"46","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.81.2.138","article-title":"Cognitive function and mood after profound nocturnal hypoglycemia in children with conventional insulin treatment for diabetes","volume":"81","author":"Matyka","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.75.2.120","article-title":"Nocturnal hypoglycemia and sleep disturbances in young teenagers with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"75","author":"Porter","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.5.714","article-title":"For the Hvidore study group on childhood diabetes: comparison of metabolic control in a cross sectional study of 2873 children and adolescents with insulin-dependent diabetes from 18 countries","volume":"20","author":"Mortensen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(97)70121-5","article-title":"Nocturnal hypoglycaemia in children and adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus: prevalence and risk-factors","volume":"131","author":"Bergszaszi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250050008","article-title":"Both insulin sensitivity and insulin clearance in children and young adults with type 1(insulin dependent) diabetes vary with growth hormone concentrations and with age","volume":"43","author":"Acerini","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199809)15:9<752::AID-DIA678>3.0.CO;2-W","article-title":"For the Hvidore study group on childhood diabetes: insulin management and metabolic control of type 1diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents in 18 countries","volume":"15","author":"Mortensen","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.3.430","article-title":"The impact of the diabetes control and complications trial and humalog insulin on glycohemoglobin levels and severe hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes","volume":"24","author":"Chase","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/15.5.619","article-title":"Psychological functioning of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: a longitudinal study","volume":"15","author":"Kovacs","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198607243150402","article-title":"Impaired insulin action in puberty: a contributing factor to poor glycemic control in adolescents with diabetes","volume":"315","author":"Amiel","year":"1986","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8529(03)00098-7","article-title":"Emerging therapies: controlling glucose homeostasis, immunotherapy, islet cell transplantation, gene therapy and islet cell neogenesis and regeneration","volume":"33","author":"Ruggles","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin N Am"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib16","series-title":"Consensus Guidelines. The Netherlands: Medical Forum International for the International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Pediatrics","first-page":"1","year":"2000"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908103210605","article-title":"The physiological replacement of insulin: an elusive goal","volume":"321","author":"Zinman","year":"1989","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9228","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02546-0","article-title":"Insulin glargine","volume":"356","author":"Bolli","year":"2000","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"9283","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(01)05842-1","article-title":"Insulins today and beyond","volume":"358","author":"Owens","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib20","series-title":"Guidance on the use of long acting insulin analogues for the treatment of diabetes-insulin glargine. Technology appraisal guidelines no. 53","first-page":"1","year":"2002"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e91","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.e91","article-title":"Beneficial effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and flexible multiple daily insulin regimen using insulin glargin in type 1 diabetes","volume":"114","author":"Almezadeh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464170-00013","article-title":"Insulin aspart: a review of its use in the management of type1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"64","author":"Reynolds","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1431","DOI":"10.1517\/13543784.8.9.1431","article-title":"Insulin aspart: a novel rapid acting human insulin analogue","volume":"8","author":"Gammeltoft","year":"1999","journal-title":"Expert Opin Investig Drugs"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1007\/s001250051286","article-title":"Insulin analogues and their potential in the management of diabetes mellitus","volume":"42","author":"Bolli","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.7.2027","article-title":"Comparison of insulin aspart and lispro: pharmacokinetic and metabolic effects","volume":"26","author":"Homko","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1501","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.9.1501","article-title":"Insulin aspart (B28 Asp-insulin): a fasting acting analog of human insulin. Absorption kinetics and action profile compared with regular human insulin in healthy nondiabetic subjects","volume":"22","author":"Mudaliar","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050724","article-title":"Postprandial glycaemia after regular and lispro insulin in children and adolescents with diabetes","volume":"156","author":"Rami","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310051315","article-title":"Rapid appearance and onset of action of insulin aspart in paediatric subjects with type 1 diabetes","volume":"159","author":"Mortensen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.43.3.396","article-title":"[Lys(B28), Pro(B29)]-human insulin: a rapidly absorbed analogue of human insulin","volume":"43","author":"Howey","year":"1994","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2003.00936.x","article-title":"The Tri-Continental Insulin Aspart Study Group: a randomized trial of insulin aspart with intensified basal NPH insulin supplementation in people with type 1 diabetes","volume":"20","author":"DeVries","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1904","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.11.1904","article-title":"Improved glycemic control with insulin aspart: a multicenter randomized double blind crossover trial in type 1 diabetes patients","volume":"21","author":"Home","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.1.27","article-title":"Lispro or regular insulin for multiple injection therapy in adolescence: difference in free insulin and glucose levels overnight","volume":"22","author":"Mohn","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2003.01013.x","article-title":"Insulin lispro: a potential role in preventing nocturnal hypoglycemia in young children with diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Ford-Adams","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.8.2359","article-title":"A comparison of postprandial and preprandial administration of insulin aspart in children and adolescents with type 1diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Danne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.108.5.1175","article-title":"Insulin lispro lowers postprandial glucose in prepubertal children with diabetes","volume":"108","author":"Deeb","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.968","article-title":"Effectiveness of postprandial humalog in toddlers with diabetes","volume":"100","author":"Rutledge","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)12459-5","article-title":"Inadequate suspension of neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in pens","volume":"354","author":"Jehle","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2142","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.12.2142","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous injection of long acting human insulin analog glargine, NPH insulin, and Ultralente human insulin and continuous subcutaneous infusion of insulin lispro","volume":"49","author":"Lepore","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1067\/S0022-3476(03)00415-3","article-title":"Reduced hypoglycemic episodes and improved glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes using insulin glargine and neutral protamine hagedorn insulin","volume":"143","author":"Chase","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2577","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-200464220-00008","article-title":"Insulin detemir: a review of its use in the management of type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"64","author":"Chapman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.8.1137","article-title":"Basal insulin glargine (HOE 901) versus NPH insulin in patients with type1 diabetes on multiple daily insulin regimens","volume":"23","author":"Rosenstock","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.28.1.10","article-title":"Randomized controlled clinical trial of glargine versus ultralente insulin in the treatment of type 1 diabetes","volume":"28","author":"Kudva","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.5.1490","article-title":"Intensive replacement of basal insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes given rapid-acting insulin analog at mealtime: a 3 month comparison between administration of NPH insulin four times daily and glargine insulin at dinner or bedtime","volume":"26","author":"Rossetti","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.4.557a","article-title":"Nocturnal glucose control and free insulin levels in children with type 1 diabetes by use of the long acting insulin HOE 901 as part of a three injection regimen","volume":"23","author":"Mohn","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2004.02.008","article-title":"Improved glycemic control without an increase in severe hypoglycemic episodes in intensively treated patients with type 1 diabetes receiving morning, evening, or split dose insulin glargine","volume":"66","author":"Garg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.6.1738","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial comparing breakfast, dinner, or bedtime administration of insulin glargine in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Hamann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1554","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.7.1554","article-title":"A randomized, prospective trial comparing the efficacy of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with multiple daily injections using glargine","volume":"27","author":"Doyle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1614","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.6.1614","article-title":"Lower within-subject variability of insulin detemir in comparison to NPH insulin and insulin glargine in people with type 1 diabetes","volume":"53","author":"Heise","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3087","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.11.3087","article-title":"Insulin detemir is characterized by a consistent pharmacokinetic profile across age-groups in children, adolescents, and adults with type 1 diabetes","volume":"26","author":"Danne","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.2.296","article-title":"Comparison of the soluble basal insulin analog insulin detemir with NPH insulin","volume":"24","author":"Hermansen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1177\/0091270003262949","article-title":"Similarity of insulin detemir pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability profiles in healthy caucasian and Japanese American subjects","volume":"44","author":"Jhee","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Pharmacol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.11.1666","article-title":"A 16 week comparison of the novel insulin analog insulin glargine (HOE 901) and NPH human insulin used with lispro in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Raskin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.5.639","article-title":"Less hypoglycemia with insulin glargine in intensive insulin therapy for type 1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Ratner","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.590","article-title":"Insulin detemir is associated with more predictable glycemic control and reduced risk of hypoglycemia than NPH insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes on a basal-bolus regimen with premeal insulin aspart","volume":"26","author":"Vague","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.2.157","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of HOE 901 versus NPH insulin in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Pieber","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1515\/JPEM.2002.15.4.369","article-title":"The pediatric study group of insulin glargine: comparative trial between insulin glargine and NPH insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"15","author":"Schober","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2744(199701)18:1<19::AID-MC3>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"AspB10 insulin induction of increased mitogenic responses and phenotypic changes in human breast epithelial cells: evidence for enhanced interactions with the insulin-like growth factor-I receptor","volume":"18","author":"Milazzo","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Carcinogen"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"999","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.49.6.999","article-title":"Correlations of receptor binding and metabolic and mitogenic potencies of insulin analogues designed for clinical use","volume":"49","author":"Kurtzhals","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-978849","article-title":"The long acting human insulin analogue HOE 901: characteristics of insulin signaling in comparison to Asp (B10) and regular insulin","volume":"30","author":"Berti","year":"1998","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(96)00903-X","article-title":"Growth promoting and metabolic activity of the human insulin analogue [Gli A21, Arg B31, Arg B23] insulin (HOE 901) in muscle cells","volume":"320","author":"Bahr","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Pharmacol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib61","article-title":"Short acting insulin analogues versus regular insulin in patients with diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Siebenhofer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1895","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1545-x","article-title":"Meta-analysis of short-acting insulin analogues in adult patients with type 1 diabetes: continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion versus injection therapy","volume":"47","author":"Seibenhofer","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9136(199601)13:1<47::AID-DIA999>3.0.CO;2-M","article-title":"Pre-meal insulin analogue insulin lispro vs humulin R insulin treatment in youth subjects with type 1 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Garg","year":"1996","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0903.2004.00593.x","article-title":"Prospective audit of conversion from regular to lispro insulin during routine clinical care","volume":"34","author":"Lunt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2001.00564.x","article-title":"Post-prandial insulin lispro vs. human regular insulin in prepubertal children with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"18","author":"Tupola","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2000.00380.x","article-title":"Insulin aspart vs. human insulin in the management of long term blood glucose control in type 1 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"17","author":"Home","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.4.570","article-title":"Postprandial insulin lispro: a new therapeutic option for type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"21","author":"Schernthaner","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1452","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.11.1452","article-title":"Improved postprandial metabolic control after subcutaneous injection of a short-acting insulin analogue in IDDM of short duration with residual pancreatic \u03b2-cell function","volume":"18","author":"Pampanelli","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.10.1726","article-title":"Meta-analysis of the effect of insulin lispro on severe hypoglycemia in patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"21","author":"Brunelle","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.5.583","article-title":"Use of insulin aspart, a fast acting insulin analogue, as the mealtime insulin in the management of patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"23","author":"Raskin","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(01)00262-5","article-title":"Glycaemic control in type 1 diabetic patients using optimised insulin aspart or human insulin in a randomized multinational study","volume":"54","author":"Tamas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib72","first-page":"200","article-title":"Insulin aspart in pediatric and adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes [abstract 767]","volume":"43","author":"Tsalikian","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1016\/S0149-2918(02)85138-4","article-title":"Comparison of insulin lispro with regular human insulin for the treatment of type 1 diabetes in adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Holcombe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-5448.2000.010304.x","article-title":"Insulin lispro versus regular insulin in children with type 1 diabetes on twice daily insulin","volume":"1","author":"Fairchild","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatric Diabetes"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1213","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2004.01323.x","article-title":"Better long term glycemic control with the basal insulin glargine as compared with NPH in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus given meal time lispro insulin","volume":"21","author":"Porcellati","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1081","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.5.1081","article-title":"Insulin detemir offers improved glycemic control compared with NPH insulin in people with type 1 diabetes","volume":"27","author":"Home","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2004.00363.x","article-title":"Diabetes, insulin detemir used in basal-bolus therapy in people with type 1 diabetes is associated with a lower risk of nocturnal hypoglycaemia and less weight gain over 12 months in comparison to NPH insulin","volume":"7","author":"De Leeuw","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib78","first-page":"207","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of 6 months treatment with insulin detemir in type 1 diabetic patients on a basal-bolus regimen [abstract 795 plus poster]","volume":"44S1","author":"Roberts","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-004-1365-z","article-title":"Insulin analogues (insulin detemir and insulin aspart) versus traditional human insulins (NPH insulin and regular human insulin) in basal-bolus therapy for patients with type 1 diabetes","volume":"47","author":"Hermansen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1089\/dia.2004.6.579","article-title":"The 12-month efficacy and safety of insulin detemir and NPH insulin in basal-bolus therapy for the treatment of type 1 diabetes","volume":"6","author":"Standl","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S41","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802749","article-title":"At last, a weight neutral insulin?","volume":"28","author":"Fritsche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.3.799","article-title":"Randomized cross-over trial of insulin glargine plus lispro or NPH insulin plus regular human insulin in adolescents with type 1 diabetes on intensive insulin regimen","volume":"26","author":"Murphy","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1002\/dmrr.520","article-title":"An observational study comparing continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and insulin glargin in children with T1DM","volume":"21","author":"Schiaffini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Res Rev"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib84","first-page":"A144","article-title":"Benefits of insulin detemir over NPH insulin in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: lower and more predictable fasting plasma glucose and lower risk nocturnal hypoglycemia [abstract and poster]","volume":"53","author":"Robertson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib85","first-page":"CD003890","article-title":"Inhaled insulin in diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Royle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2622","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.27.11.2622","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of inhaled insulin (Exubera) compared with subcutaneous insulin therapy in patients with type 1 diabetes: results of a 6-month, randomized, comparative trial","volume":"27","author":"Quattrin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"864","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.2001.00626.x","article-title":"Recent advances in treatment of youth with type 1 diabetes: better care through technology","volume":"18","author":"Tamborlane","year":"2001","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.2165\/00024677-200403060-00002","article-title":"Potential adjunctive therapies in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"3","author":"Jefferies","year":"2004","journal-title":"Treat Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.1.138","article-title":"Metformin as an adjuvant therapy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance: randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"Hamilton","year":"2003","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490323","article-title":"Metformin as additional therapy in adolescents with poorly controlled type 1 diabetes: randomized placebo-controlled trial with aspects on insulin sensitivity","volume":"149","author":"Sarnblad","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"Suppl","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib91","first-page":"A452","article-title":"Pioglitazone as adjunctive therapy in adolescents with type 1 diabetes and insulin resistance","volume":"54","author":"Zdravkovic","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-1012287","article-title":"Effects of prolonged (6 months) alpha-glucosidase inhibition on blood glucose control and insulin requirements in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"18","author":"Dimitriadis","year":"1986","journal-title":"Horm Metab Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-5491.1999.00047.x","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of acarbose in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus: a placebo-controlled, double blind, multicenter study","volume":"16","author":"Riccardi","year":"1999","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.3.248","article-title":"Acarbose in the treatment of type 1 diabetes","volume":"20","author":"Hollander","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabet Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(98)00070-9","article-title":"Effects of acarbose (Glucobay) in persons with type 1 diabetes: a multicenter study","volume":"41","author":"Sels","year":"1998","journal-title":"Diab Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1089\/15209150260007390","article-title":"Unresolved challenges with insulin therapy in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: potential benefit of replacing amylin, a second \u03b2 cell hormone","volume":"4","author":"Efelman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Technol Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.4.724","article-title":"A randomized study and open-label extension evaluating the long term efficacy of pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy in type 1 diabetes","volume":"25","author":"Whitehouse","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib98","first-page":"A109","article-title":"Pramlintide as an adjunct to insulin therapy improved glycemic and weight control in people with type 1 diabetes during treatment for 52 weeks","volume":"49","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2000","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1100","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.4.1100","article-title":"The role of amylin and glucagons in the dampening of glycemic excursions in children with type 1 diabetes","volume":"54","author":"Heptulla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1210\/en.142.2.521","article-title":"The glucagon-like peptides","volume":"142","author":"Drucker","year":"2001","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3469","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-032001","article-title":"Exendin-4 normalized postcibal glycemic excursions in type 1 diabetes","volume":"89","author":"Dupre","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.20.3.381","article-title":"Subcutaneous glucagon-like peptide 1 combined with insulin normalizes postcibal glycemic excursions in IDDM","volume":"20","author":"Dupre","year":"1997","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.44.6.626","article-title":"Glucagon-like peptide I reduces postprandial glycemic excursions in IDDM","volume":"44","author":"Dupre","year":"1995","journal-title":"Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395505001331?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395505001331?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,10]],"date-time":"2019-01-10T04:53:19Z","timestamp":1547095999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031395505001331"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]},"references-count":103,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031395505001331"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2005.07.010","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3955","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,12]]}}}