{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T04:10:35Z","timestamp":1790482235988,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,1]],"date-time":"2009-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243814400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,11]],"date-time":"2009-06-11T05:16:51Z","timestamp":1244697411000},"page":"631-646","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":199,"title":["Neurodevelopmental Outcome of the Premature Infant"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Bonnie E.","family":"Stephens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betty R.","family":"Vohr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(03)00055-7","article-title":"The NICHD neonatal research network: changes in practice and outcomes during the first 15 years","volume":"27","author":"Fanaroff","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.1999.0001","article-title":"Outcomes of children of extremely low birthweight and gestational age in the 1990s","volume":"5","author":"Hack","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F128","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.046268","article-title":"Changes in mortality and morbidities among infants born at less than 25 weeks during the post-surfactant era","volume":"90","author":"Hintz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0221","article-title":"Improved survival rates with increased neurodevelopmental disability for extremely low birth weight infants in the 1990s","volume":"115","author":"Wilson-Costello","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F99","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.78.2.F99","article-title":"Increased survival and deteriorating developmental outcome in 23 to 25 week old gestation infants, 1990\u20134 compared with 1984\u20139","volume":"78","author":"Emsley","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.982","article-title":"Survival and developmental disability in infants with birth weights of 501 to 800 grams, born between 1979 and 1994","volume":"100","author":"O'Shea","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.152.5.425","article-title":"A quantitative review of mortality and developmental disability in extremely premature newborns","volume":"152","author":"Lorenz","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.107.1.e1","article-title":"Very low birth weight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, January 1995 through December 1996. NICHD Neonatal Research Network","volume":"107","author":"Lemons","year":"2001","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.1994.tb13005.x","article-title":"Outcome of extremely low-birth-weight infants: 1980\u20131990","volume":"83","author":"Blaymore-Bier","year":"1994","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.98.5.931","article-title":"Outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"98","author":"Hack","year":"1996","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.4.633","article-title":"Outcome of extremely low birth weight infants (500 to 999 grams) over a 12-year period","volume":"100","author":"Piecuch","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1416","article-title":"Improved neurodevelopmental outcomes for extremely low birth weight infants in 2000\u20132002","volume":"119","author":"Wilson-Costello","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1645","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2215","article-title":"Changes in neurodevelopmental outcomes at 18 to 22 months' corrected age among infants of less than 25 weeks' gestational age born in 1993\u20131999","volume":"115","author":"Hintz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0146-0005(97)80064-X","article-title":"Neuropsychological and functional outcomes of very low birth weight infants","volume":"21","author":"Vohr","year":"1997","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-2247","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants <32 weeks' gestation between 1993 and 1998","volume":"116","author":"Vohr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1093\/pch\/11.5.265a","article-title":"Long-term caring for neonates","volume":"11","author":"Barrington","year":"2006","journal-title":"Paediatr Child Health"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"725","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.154.7.725","article-title":"Neurodevelopment and predictors of outcomes of children with birth weights of less than 1000 g: 1992\u20131995","volume":"154","author":"Hack","year":"2000","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0667","article-title":"Adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes among extremely low birth weight infants with a normal head ultrasound: prevalence and antecedents","volume":"115","author":"Laptook","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.05.032","article-title":"Outcome of extremely-low-birth-weight infants at highest risk: gestational age < or =24 weeks, birth weight < or =750 g, and 1-minute Apgar < or =3","volume":"191","author":"Shankaran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1216","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.6.1216","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental and functional outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants in the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network, 1993\u20131994","volume":"105","author":"Vohr","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.4.781","article-title":"Center differences and outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"113","author":"Vohr","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.6.728","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral outcomes of school-aged children who were born preterm: a meta-analysis","volume":"288","author":"Bhutta","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa041367","article-title":"Neurologic and developmental disability at six years of age after extremely preterm birth","volume":"352","author":"Marlow","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F484","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.063362","article-title":"Improved neurosensory outcome at 8 years of age of extremely low birthweight children born in Victoria over three distinct eras","volume":"90","author":"Doyle","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F12","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.79.1.F12","article-title":"Cognitive, educational, and behavioural outcomes at 7 to 8 years in a national very low birthweight cohort","volume":"79","author":"Horwood","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3264","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.24.3264","article-title":"Neurobehavioral outcomes of school-age children born extremely low birth weight or very preterm in the 1990s","volume":"289","author":"Anderson","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F85","DOI":"10.1136\/fn.77.2.F85","article-title":"Extremely premature (< or = 800 g) schoolchildren: multiple areas of hidden disability","volume":"77","author":"Whitfield","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1207\/S15326942DN1703_2","article-title":"School-age consequences of birth weight less than 750 g: a review and update","volume":"17","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Dev Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200612000-00002","article-title":"Consequences and risks of <1000-g birth weight for neuropsychological skills, achievement, and adaptive functioning","volume":"27","author":"Taylor","year":"2006","journal-title":"J\u00a0Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-0173","article-title":"Poor predictive validity of the Bayley scales of infant development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age","volume":"116","author":"Hack","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1177\/00222194050380020301","article-title":"Learning disabilities in children with very low birthweight: prevalence, neuropsychological correlates, and educational interventions","volume":"38","author":"Litt","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Learn Disabil"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1076\/0929-7049(200003)6:1;1-B;FT049","article-title":"Verbal memory deficits in children with less than 750 g birth weight","volume":"6","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Neuropsychol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.6.705","article-title":"Change in cognitive function over time in very low-birth-weight infants","volume":"289","author":"Ment","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1996.02170330016003","article-title":"Extremely low-birth-weight children and their peers. A comparison of school-age outcomes","volume":"150","author":"Halsey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.112.4.943","article-title":"School-age outcomes in children who were extremely low birth weight from four international population-based cohorts","volume":"112","author":"Saigal","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.94.5.700","article-title":"Classroom behavior of very low birth weight elementary school children","volume":"94","author":"Klebanov","year":"1994","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib37","first-page":"1371","article-title":"Kindergarten readiness after extreme prematurity","volume":"146","author":"Msall","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Dis Child"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1996.tb15048.x","article-title":"School performance of ELBW children: a controlled study","volume":"38","author":"O'Callaghan","year":"1996","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1005","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00312-1","article-title":"Psychiatric sequelae of low birth weight at 11 years of age","volume":"47","author":"Breslau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.3.554","article-title":"Functional limitations and special health care needs of 10- to 14-year-old children weighing less than 750 grams at birth","volume":"106","author":"Hack","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-8624.00242","article-title":"Middle-school-age outcomes in children with very low birthweight","volume":"71","author":"Taylor","year":"2000","journal-title":"Child Dev"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1998.tb12324.x","article-title":"Cognitive and educational outcome of very-low-birthweight children in early adolescence","volume":"40","author":"Botting","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-200102000-00002","article-title":"Cognition, academic progress, behavior and self-concept at 14 years of very low birth weight children","volume":"22","author":"Rickards","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e725","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0932","article-title":"Psychosocial and academic characteristics of extremely low birth weight (< or =800 g) adolescents who are free of major impairment compared with term-born control subjects","volume":"114","author":"Grunau","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1080\/08035250510025987","article-title":"Cognitive and educational outcomes in early adulthood for infants weighing 1000 grams or less at birth","volume":"94","author":"Lefebvre","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010856","article-title":"Outcomes in young adulthood for very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"346","author":"Hack","year":"2002","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.1997.tb01612.x","article-title":"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorders and other psychiatric outcomes in very low birthweight children at 12 years","volume":"38","author":"Botting","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Child Psychol Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F445","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2003.038943","article-title":"Psychiatric symptoms and disorders in adolescents with low birth weight","volume":"89","author":"Indredavik","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2003-1017-L","article-title":"Behavioral outcomes and evidence of psychopathology among very low birth weight infants at age 20 years","volume":"114","author":"Hack","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2006.09.014","article-title":"Trends in neonatal morbidity and mortality for very low birthweight infants","volume":"196","author":"Fanaroff","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2000.109143","article-title":"Survival and neonatal morbidity at the limits of viability in the mid 1990s: 22 to 25 weeks","volume":"137","author":"El-Metwally","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199311253292201","article-title":"The limit of viability\u2013neonatal outcome of infants born at 22 to 25 weeks' gestation","volume":"329","author":"Allen","year":"1993","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.106.4.659","article-title":"The EPICure study: outcomes to discharge from hospital for infants born at the threshold of viability","volume":"106","author":"Costeloe","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.87.5.587","article-title":"Very low birth weight outcomes of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Network","volume":"87","author":"Hack","year":"1991","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2005.01.047","article-title":"Extremely low birthweight neonates with protracted ventilation: mortality and 18-month neurodevelopmental outcomes","volume":"146","author":"Walsh","year":"2005","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib56","series-title":"Bayley scales of infant development-II","author":"Bayley","year":"1993"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200008103430601","article-title":"Neurologic and developmental disability after extremely preterm birth. EPICure Study Group","volume":"343","author":"Wood","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"570","DOI":"10.1002\/imhj.20196","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental impairment: predictors of its impact on the families of extremely low birth weight infants at 18 months","volume":"29","author":"Stephens","year":"2009","journal-title":"Infant Ment Health J"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010396027299","article-title":"Academic achievement of low birthweight children at age 11: the role of cognitive abilities at school entry","volume":"29","author":"Breslau","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.114.1.50","article-title":"Executive functioning in school-aged children who were born very preterm or with extremely low birth weight in the 1990s","volume":"114","author":"Anderson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-0440","article-title":"Motor and executive function at 6 years of age after extremely preterm birth","volume":"120","author":"Marlow","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/20.6.721","article-title":"Late neuropsychological outcomes in preterm infants of normal IQ: selective vulnerability of the visual system","volume":"20","author":"Waber","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.2.325","article-title":"School difficulties at adolescence in a regional cohort of children who were extremely low birth weight","volume":"105","author":"Saigal","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-1810","article-title":"Spectrum of gross motor function in extremely low birth weight children with cerebral palsy at 18 months of age","volume":"116","author":"Vohr","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F134","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.052407","article-title":"The EPICure study: associations and antecedents of neurological and developmental disability at 30 months of age following extremely preterm birth","volume":"90","author":"Wood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x","article-title":"Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy","volume":"39","author":"Palisano","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1002\/mrdd.10049","article-title":"Patterns of motor disability in very preterm children","volume":"8","author":"Bracewell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ment Retard Dev Disabil Res Rev"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1972.tb02639.x","article-title":"Abnormal neurologic signs in the first year of life in low-birthweight infants: possible prognostic significance","volume":"14","author":"Drillien","year":"1972","journal-title":"Dev Med Child Neurol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2000.tb02776.x","article-title":"Early motor development of premature infants with birth weight <2000g","volume":"89","author":"Pederson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.64.6.839","article-title":"Motor skills in extremely low birthweight children at the age of 6 years","volume":"64","author":"Marlow","year":"1989","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(99)00131-6","article-title":"Neurologic soft signs and low birthweight: their association and neuropsychiatric implications","volume":"47","author":"Breslau","year":"2000","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib72","series-title":"Follow-up management of the high-risk infant","first-page":"115","article-title":"Neuromotor status","author":"Amiel-Tison","year":"1987"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib73","series-title":"Manual for the child behavior checklist\/4-18 and 1991 profile","author":"Achenbach","year":"1991"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-7358(00)00085-4","article-title":"The Conners' parent rating scales: a critical review of the literature","volume":"21","author":"Gianarris","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Psychol Rev"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00919127","article-title":"Normative data on revised Conners parent and teacher rating scales","volume":"6","author":"Goyette","year":"1978","journal-title":"J Abnorm Child Psychol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.161.4.326","article-title":"Prenatal and perinatal risk factors for autism: a review and integration of findings","volume":"161","author":"Kolevzon","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1049","article-title":"Birth weight and gestational age characteristics of children with autism, including a comparison with other developmental disabilities","volume":"121","author":"Schendel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2158","article-title":"Positive screening for autism in ex-preterm infants: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"121","author":"Limperopoulos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/70.10.602","article-title":"Concurrent and construct validity of the pediatric evaluation of disability inventory","volume":"70","author":"Feldman","year":"1990","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289403300709","article-title":"WeeFIM. Normative sample of an instrument for tracking functional independence in children","volume":"33","author":"Msall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289403300708","article-title":"The functional independence measure for children (WeeFIM). Conceptual basis and pilot use in children with developmental disabilities","volume":"33","author":"Msall","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/10.2.215","article-title":"Diagnostic uses of the Vineland adaptive behavior scales","volume":"10","author":"Sparrow","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Pediatr Psychol"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/79.8.776","article-title":"Battelle developmental inventory","volume":"79","author":"Berls","year":"1999","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289303200504","article-title":"The usefulness of the Battelle developmental inventory screening test","volume":"32","author":"Glascoe","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa073059","article-title":"Intensive care for extreme prematurity\u2014moving beyond gestational age","volume":"358","author":"Tyson","year":"2008","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.2002.0109","article-title":"Neurological outcome in twins","volume":"7","author":"Pharoah","year":"2002","journal-title":"Semin Neonatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e220","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2008-1126","article-title":"Twin gestation and neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"123","author":"Wadhawan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.100.6.987","article-title":"A longitudinal study of developmental outcome of infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and very low birth weight","volume":"100","author":"Singer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00004703-199808000-00001","article-title":"Predictors of early school age outcomes in very low birth weight children","volume":"19","author":"Taylor","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Dev Behav Pediatr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib90","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1124","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.9.1124","article-title":"Impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, brain injury, and severe retinopathy on the outcome of extremely low-birth-weight infants at 18 months: results from the trial of indomethacin prophylaxis in preterms","volume":"289","author":"Schmidt","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1997.02170430046010","article-title":"Antecedents of cerebral palsy in a multicenter trial of indomethacin for intraventricular hemorrhage","volume":"151","author":"Allan","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"8 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jp.7200419","article-title":"Prediction of neurologic morbidity in extremely low birth weight infants","volume":"20","author":"Ambalavanan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(05)82415-1","article-title":"Risk factors for major neurodevelopmental impairments and need for special education resources in extremely premature infants","volume":"119","author":"Msall","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"2 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.102.2.315","article-title":"Perinatal correlates of cerebral palsy and other neurologic impairment among very low birth weight children","volume":"102","author":"Wilson-Costello","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.95.2.249","article-title":"Cranial ultrasound prediction of disabling and nondisabling cerebral palsy at age two in a low birth weight population","volume":"95","author":"Pinto-Martin","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(96)70292-5","article-title":"Prenatal and perinatal factors and cerebral palsy in very low birth weight infants","volume":"128","author":"Grether","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.12.1726","article-title":"Practice parameter: neuroimaging of the neonate: report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology and the Practice Committee of the Child Neurology Society","volume":"58","author":"Ment","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1597","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2005-2020","article-title":"Grade 3 to 4 intraventricular hemorrhage and Bayley scores predict outcome","volume":"116","author":"Ment","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.95.6.837","article-title":"Province-based study of neurologic disability of children weighing 500 through 1249 grams at birth in relation to neonatal cerebral ultrasound findings","volume":"95","author":"Aziz","year":"1995","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2006.05.008","article-title":"Temporo-prefrontal coordination increases when semantic associations are strongly encoded","volume":"44","author":"Woodward","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0326","article-title":"Abnormal cerebral structure is present at term in premature infants","volume":"115","author":"Inder","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMe068123","article-title":"Neuroimaging and the prediction of outcomes in preterm infants","volume":"355","author":"Dammann","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2007.12.010","article-title":"Neuroimaging and neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants","volume":"32","author":"Hintz","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"992","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2003-0772-L","article-title":"Neonatal brain magnetic resonance imaging before discharge is better than serial cranial ultrasound in predicting cerebral palsy in very low birth weight preterm infants","volume":"114","author":"Mirmiran","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa053792","article-title":"Neonatal MRI to predict neurodevelopmental outcomes in preterm infants","volume":"355","author":"Woodward","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1053\/j.semperi.2006.01.009","article-title":"Changes in the gestational age distribution among U.S. singleton births: impact on rates of late preterm birth, 1992 to 2002","volume":"30","author":"Davidoff","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Perinatol"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1390","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-2952","article-title":"\u201cLate-preterm\u201d infants: a population at risk","volume":"120","author":"Engle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-3743","article-title":"Perinatal outcomes associated with preterm birth at 33 to 36 weeks' gestation: a population-based cohort study","volume":"123","author":"Khashu","year":"2009","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000297311.33046.73","article-title":"Neonatal mortality and morbidity rates in late preterm births compared with births at term","volume":"111","author":"McIntire","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2007.05.002","article-title":"Differences in mortality between late-preterm and term singleton infants in the United States, 1995\u20132002","volume":"151","author":"Tomashek","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-0018","article-title":"Optimizing care and outcome for late-preterm (near-term) infants: a summary of the workshop sponsored by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","volume":"118","author":"Raju","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.08.002","article-title":"Adverse neonatal outcomes: examining the risks between preterm, late preterm, and term infants","volume":"199","author":"Bastek","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.08.020","article-title":"Increased risk of adverse neurological development for late preterm infants","volume":"154","author":"Petrini","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2006.09.004","article-title":"Neurodevelopmental outcome of the late preterm infant","volume":"33","author":"Adams-Chapman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005_bib115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.01.027","article-title":"School outcomes of late preterm infants: special needs and challenges for infants born at 32 to 36 weeks gestation","volume":"153","author":"Chyi","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395509000157?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395509000157?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T13:02:00Z","timestamp":1685019720000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031395509000157"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":115,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031395509000157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2009.03.005","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3955","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}