{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,14]],"date-time":"2026-07-14T11:26:40Z","timestamp":1784028400638,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,1]],"date-time":"2017-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1496275200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","theclinics.com","pediatric.theclinics.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,12]],"date-time":"2017-05-12T09:20:01Z","timestamp":1494580801000},"page":"507-524","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Caustic Ingestions and Foreign Bodies Ingestions in Pediatric Patients"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Jacob A.","family":"Kurowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marsha","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"962","DOI":"10.3109\/15563650.2015.1102927","article-title":"2014 annual report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 32nd annual report","volume":"53","author":"Mowry","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200301000-00023","article-title":"Hair relaxers: a benign caustic ingestion?","volume":"36","author":"Aronow","year":"2003","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2013.05.026","article-title":"Pediatric oral burns: a ten-year review of patient characteristics, etiologies and treatment outcomes","volume":"77","author":"Cowan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3468(71)90382-4","article-title":"Pathophysiology and management of acute corrosive burns of the esophagus: results of treatment in 285 children","volume":"6","author":"Haller","year":"1971","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.71.5.767","article-title":"Predictability of esophageal injury from signs and symptoms: a study of caustic ingestion in 378 children","volume":"71","author":"Gaudreault","year":"1983","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922806289618","article-title":"Caustic gastroesophageal lesions in childhood: an analysis of 473 cases","volume":"45","author":"Dogan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Pediatr (Phila)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1097\/MOP.0b013e32832e2764","article-title":"Caustic ingestions in children","volume":"21","author":"Kay","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Opin Pediatr"},{"issue":"59","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib8","first-page":"1397","article-title":"The results of caustic ingestions","volume":"51","author":"Ertekin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)62769-5","article-title":"Corrosive burns of the esophagus and stomach: a recommendation for an aggressive surgical approach","volume":"41","author":"Estrera","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ann Thorac Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-2050.2008.00867.x","article-title":"Pediatric caustic ingestion: 50 consecutive cases and a review of the literature","volume":"22","author":"Riffat","year":"2009","journal-title":"Dis Esophagus"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.02.016","article-title":"Caustic ingestion in children: is endoscopy always indicated? The results of an Italian multicenter observational study","volume":"68","author":"Betalli","year":"2008","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2165\/00139709-200524020-00006","article-title":"Do corticosteroids prevent oesophageal stricture after corrosive ingestion?","volume":"24","author":"Pelclova","year":"2005","journal-title":"Toxicol Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1080\/15563650701285420","article-title":"Steroids in second degree caustic burns of the esophagus: a systematic pooled analysis of fifty years of human data: 1956-2006","volume":"45","author":"Fulton","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Toxicol (Phila)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1518","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-3331","article-title":"High doses of methylprednisolone in the management of caustic esophageal burns","volume":"133","author":"Usta","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-014-3642-3","article-title":"Caustic injury of the oesophagus","volume":"31","author":"Millar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3109\/00016485209120330","article-title":"Corrosion carcinoma of the esophagus; 381 cases of corrosion and nine cases of corrosion carcinoma","volume":"42","author":"Kiviranta","year":"1952","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2655","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(19800515)45:10<2655::AID-CNCR2820451028>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Lye corrosion carcinoma of the esophagus: a review of 63 cases","volume":"45","author":"Appelqvist","year":"1980","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800700413","article-title":"Oesophageal carcinoma associated with corrosive injury\u2013prevention and treatment by oesophageal resection","volume":"70","author":"Ti","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"issue":"4\u20135","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib19","first-page":"269","article-title":"Lye ingestion and carcinoma of the esophagus","volume":"155","author":"Isolauri","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Chir Scand"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2014.10.052","article-title":"Cognitive and behavioral characteristics of children with caustic ingestion","volume":"50","author":"Cakmak","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Surg"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000729","article-title":"Management of ingested foreign bodies in children: a clinical report of the NASPGHAN endoscopy committee","volume":"60","author":"Kramer","year":"2015","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2004.0404","article-title":"Aspiration and ingestion in dental practice: a 10-year institutional review","volume":"135","author":"Tiwana","year":"2004","journal-title":"J\u00a0Am Dent Assoc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-005-0037-6","article-title":"Pediatric foreign bodies and their management","volume":"7","author":"Kay","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijporl.2005.07.010","article-title":"Pediatric coin ingestion and aspiration","volume":"70","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2008.0206","article-title":"Coin ingestion in children: which size is more risky?","volume":"19","author":"Tander","year":"2009","journal-title":"J\u00a0Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-3037","article-title":"Emerging battery-ingestion hazard: clinical implications","volume":"125","author":"Litovitz","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182687be0","article-title":"Management of ingested magnets in children","volume":"55","author":"Hussain","year":"2012","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.5223\/pghn.2016.19.1.20","article-title":"Foreign body ingestion in children: should button batteries in the stomach be urgently removed?","volume":"19","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-012-0207-5","article-title":"Gastrointestinal damage caused by swallowing multiple magnets","volume":"6","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-011-3026-x","article-title":"Bowel injuries caused by ingestion of multiple magnets in children: a growing hazard","volume":"28","author":"Naji","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatr Surg Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2012.03.025","article-title":"Prevalence, clinical features and management of pediatric magnetic foreign body ingestions","volume":"44","author":"Tavarez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J\u00a0Emerg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib32","unstructured":"Buckyballs and buckycubes refunds now available through BuckyballsRecall.com; recall to refund will last until jan. 2015. 2014. Available at: http:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/Newsroom\/News-Releases\/2014\/Buckyballs-and-Buckycubes-Refunds-Now-Available\/. Accessed September 26, 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib33","unstructured":"CPSC approves strong federal safety standard for high-powered magnet sets to\u00a0protect children and teenagers. 2014. Available at: http:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/en\/Newsroom\/News-Releases\/2014\/CPSC-Approves-Strong-Federal-Safety-Standard-for-High-Powered-Magnet-Sets-to-Protect-Children-and-Teenagers\/. Accessed September 26, 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib34","series-title":"Diseases of the air and food passages of foreign body origin","author":"Jackson","year":"1937"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2011.02.018","article-title":"Factors predictive of risk for complications in patients with oesophageal foreign bodies","volume":"43","author":"Sung","year":"2011","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1097\/00005176-200201000-00019","article-title":"Penetration of the stomach by an accidentally ingested straight pin","volume":"34","author":"Aktay","year":"2002","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-005-0490-2","article-title":"Perforation of the gastrointestinal tract secondary to ingestion of foreign bodies","volume":"30","author":"Goh","year":"2006","journal-title":"World J Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib38","first-page":"91","article-title":"Gastric perforation secondary to ingestion of a sharp foreign body","volume":"9","author":"Mehran","year":"2005","journal-title":"JSLS"},{"issue":"3 Pt 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2008.05.072","article-title":"Foreign-body ingestion: characteristics and outcomes in a lower socioeconomic population with predominantly intentional ingestion","volume":"69","author":"Palta","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(02)70407-0","article-title":"Guideline for the management of ingested foreign bodies","volume":"55","author":"Eisen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastrointest Endosc"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-011-1911-8","article-title":"Causes of esophageal food bolus impaction in the pediatric population","volume":"57","author":"Diniz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-3723-8","article-title":"Esophageal food impaction and eosinophilic esophagitis: a retrospective study, systematic review, and meta-analysis","volume":"60","author":"Hiremath","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2013.71","article-title":"ACG clinical guideline: evidenced based approach to the diagnosis and management of esophageal eosinophilia and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE)","volume":"108","author":"Dellon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3182a80be1","article-title":"Management guidelines of eosinophilic esophagitis in childhood","volume":"58","author":"Papadopoulou","year":"2014","journal-title":"J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2011.02.040","article-title":"Eosinophilic esophagitis: updated consensus recommendations for children and adults","volume":"128","author":"Liacouras","year":"2011","journal-title":"J\u00a0Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1011","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-3685","article-title":"Water-absorbing balls: a \u201cgrowing\u201d problem","volume":"130","author":"Zamora","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib47","unstructured":"Dunecraft recalls water balz, skulls, orbs and flower toys due to serious ingestion hazard. 2012. Available at: http:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/en\/Recalls\/2013\/Dunecraft-Recalls-Water-Balz-Skulls-Orbs-and-Flower-Toys-Due-to-Serious-Ingestion-Hazard-\/. Accessed September 26, 2016."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pec.0000186428.07636.18","article-title":"Pediatric body packing: drug smuggling reaches a new low","volume":"21","author":"Beno","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Emerg Care"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.157.2.174","article-title":"Pediatric \u201cbody packing\u201d","volume":"157","author":"Traub","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1127","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-0057","article-title":"Pediatric exposure to laundry detergent pods","volume":"134","author":"Valdez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2015-4529","article-title":"Pediatric exposures to laundry and dishwasher detergents in the United States: 2013-2014","volume":"137","author":"Davis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"}],"container-title":["Pediatric Clinics of North America"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395517300044?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0031395517300044?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,28]],"date-time":"2022-07-28T14:28:34Z","timestamp":1659018514000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0031395517300044"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S0031395517300044"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-3955"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-3955","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Caustic Ingestions and Foreign Bodies Ingestions in Pediatric Patients","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pediatric Clinics of North America","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pcl.2017.01.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}