{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T07:54:09Z","timestamp":1783065249083,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":135,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,1]],"date-time":"2006-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1149120000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,4,19]],"date-time":"2006-04-19T13:45:22Z","timestamp":1145454322000},"page":"71-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["Photodynamic therapy in China: Over 25 years of unique clinical experience"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Zheng","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib1","first-page":"110","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of skin cancer and precancer","volume":"22","author":"Wang","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib2","first-page":"163","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for 50 patients with skin cancers or precancerous lesions","volume":"6","author":"Wang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chin Med Sci J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib3","first-page":"496","article-title":"Treatment of malignant tumors on the body surface using GLH red light\u2014clinical observation of 18 cases","volume":"5","author":"Chen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Acta Sec Mil Med Univ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib4","first-page":"191","article-title":"Clinical investigation of hematoporphyrin photodynamic cancer therapy using 510.6nm wavelength copper vapor laser as the light source","volume":"11","author":"Zhang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Appl Laser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib5","first-page":"23","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of skin cancers","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Henan Med Inf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib6","first-page":"9","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of Bowen's disease using 5-aminolevulinic acid","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib7","first-page":"185","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of skin BCC and SCC using \u03b4-aminolevulinic acid","volume":"32","author":"Xu","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib8","first-page":"95","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of malignancy of skin with He\u2013Ne Laser","volume":"27","author":"Zhu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Lasers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib9","first-page":"1141","article-title":"Evaluation of photodynamic therapy of skin cancers with \u03b4-aminolaevulinic acid","volume":"115","author":"Xu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib10","first-page":"8","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of maxillofacial tumor using hematoporphyrin derivatives and laser","volume":"20","author":"Zhao","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chin J Stomatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02594147","article-title":"Use of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of oral and maxillofacial cancer and precancer: report of 104 cases and preliminary observation on the mechanism","volume":"2","author":"Zhao","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib12","first-page":"96","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) and laser therapy of lip caner\u2013observation of short term efficacy of 41 cases","volume":"21","author":"Zhao","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chin J Stomatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib13","first-page":"137","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) and laser therapy of animal transplanted tumor and nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"22","author":"Zhao","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chin J Otorhinolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib14","first-page":"473","article-title":"Interstitial photodynamic therapy of oral squamous cancers","volume":"10","author":"Wang","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib15","first-page":"15","article-title":"Laser treatment of malignant tumors of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinusese","volume":"3","author":"Jiang","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib16","first-page":"120","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivative (HPD) plus laser photodynamic therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma-analysis of 57 cases","volume":"12","author":"Sun","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib17","first-page":"290","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of nasopharyngeal carcinoma by argon or dye laser-an analysis of 137 cases","volume":"14","author":"Sun","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib18","first-page":"134","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy (an analysis of 191 cases)","volume":"5","author":"Sun","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib19","first-page":"123","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of head neck cancer and precancer","volume":"12","author":"Lu","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Pract Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib20","first-page":"84","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of tongue cancer\u2014patient care","volume":"20","author":"Miu","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nurs J Chin PLA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib21","first-page":"80","article-title":"Study of the optimum treatment time of photodynamic therapy for malignant brain tumors","volume":"2","author":"Lin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chin J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib22","first-page":"894","article-title":"Application of adjuvant photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant brain tumors","volume":"20","author":"Zhu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chin Oncol J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib23","first-page":"213","article-title":"Surgery combining photodynamic therapy for cerebral glioma at the functional area of the brain","volume":"6","author":"Hu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chin J Minim Invasive Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib24","first-page":"30","article-title":"Microsurgical operation with photodynamic therapy for cerebral glioma","volume":"20","author":"Hu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib25","first-page":"75","article-title":"Microsurgical operation with photodynamic therapy for cerebral glioma","volume":"13","author":"Yue","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib26","first-page":"116","article-title":"Effect of photodynamic therapy combined with interstitial chemotherapy for gliomas","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J First Mil Med Univ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib27","first-page":"329","article-title":"Preliminary report on the detection and treatment of lung cancer with HpD-laser radiation","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"1983","journal-title":"Chin J Tubercul Respir Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1900040105","article-title":"Application of hematoporphyrin derivative and laser-induced photodynamical reaction in the treatment of lung cancer: a preliminary report on 21 cases","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"1984","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib29","first-page":"50","article-title":"Short-term clinical observation of photosensitizing treatment of lung cancer","volume":"9","author":"Liang","year":"1987","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib30","first-page":"19","article-title":"Combination therapy of lung cancer using radiotherapy and endobronchial photodynamic therapy","volume":"9","author":"Reng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Heilongjiang Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib31","first-page":"65","article-title":"Treatment of bronchial lung carcinoma using diode laser photodynamic therapy under endoscopic guidance","volume":"9","author":"Cao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin J Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib32","first-page":"247","article-title":"Clinical analysis of bronchial lung carcinoma treated with photodynamic therapy","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Oncol Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib33","first-page":"13","article-title":"Combination therapy of photodynamic therapy and percutaneous cryoablation with argon\u2013helium system for obstructive non-small cell lung carcinoma","volume":"10","author":"Niu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int Med Health Guidance News"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian ME, Qiu SL, Ji Q. Preliminary result of hematoporphyrin derivative\u2014laser treatment for 13 cases of early esophageal carcinoma. In: Kessel D, editor. Methods in porphyrin photosensitization. Adv Exp Med Biol 1985;193:21.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-2165-1_3"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02594131","article-title":"Analysis of haematoporphyrin derivative and laser photodynamic therapy of upper gastrointestinal tumours in 52 cases","volume":"2","author":"Jin","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib36","first-page":"2","article-title":"Treatment of stomach cancer with laser and hematoporphyrin derivative","volume":"3","author":"Huang","year":"1986","journal-title":"Endoscopy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib37","first-page":"197","article-title":"Pathologic study on the treatment-effect of hematoporphyrin derivative in carcinoma of the gastric","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"1988","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02032433","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for the treatment of advanced gastrointestinal tumours","volume":"4","author":"Jin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(90)85145-M","article-title":"Review of photodynamic therapy for gastrointestinal tumours in the past 6 years in China","volume":"7","author":"Jin","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib40","first-page":"64","article-title":"Photo-chemistry therapy of gastrointestinal tumor-analysis of hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) plus laser photodynamic therapy of 50 cases","volume":"8","author":"Jin","year":"1986","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1089\/clm.1991.9.45","article-title":"Evaluation of photodynamic therapy in advanced gastrointestinal cancer","volume":"9","author":"Jin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1002\/ssu.2980100209","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for upper gastrointestinal tumours over the past 10 years","volume":"10","author":"Jin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Semi Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib43","first-page":"235","article-title":"Preliminary report of clinical study of a novel photosensitizer\u2013HMME","volume":"2","author":"Gu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib44","first-page":"195","article-title":"Combination of endoscopic microwave and photodynamic therapies for severe esophagocardiac obstruction","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Nantong Med Coll"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib45","first-page":"187","article-title":"Combination therapy of photodynamic therapy and local chemotherapy for the treatment of advanced colon cancer","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"1995","journal-title":"Henan J Diagn Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib46","first-page":"208","article-title":"Histopathological changes of esophagus cancer after photodynamic therapy","volume":"15","author":"Li","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Nantong Med Coll"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1117\/12.251938","article-title":"Ultrasound-guided interventional PDT of liver cancer","volume":"2887","author":"Zeng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib48","first-page":"63","article-title":"Ultrasound guided percutaneous PDT for advanced liver cancer\u2014a report of 30 cases","volume":"5","author":"Zeng","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib49","first-page":"162","article-title":"Evaluation of PDT (photodynamic therapy) in treating malignant tumors of alimentary tract","volume":"4","author":"Ju","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clin Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib50","first-page":"109","article-title":"Combination therapy of upper GI carcinomas using endoscopy guided PDT and Nd-YAG laser","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib51","first-page":"222","article-title":"He\u2013Ne laser photodynamic therapy of upper GI cancer","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chin Med J Metallurgical Ind"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib52","first-page":"104","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of esophageal and cardiac cancers\u2014clinical observation of 30 cases","volume":"8","author":"Han","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib53","unstructured":"Jin ML, Yang BQ, Zhang W. A study of photodynamic therapy for local recurrence of gastrointestinal cancers. Gastrointest Endosc 1999;49 (Part 2):AB114."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib54","first-page":"52","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of gastrointestinal cancers\u2014clinical observation of 35 cases","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib55","first-page":"68","article-title":"Treatment of upper GI carcinomas using copper vapor pulse laser","volume":"21","author":"Pan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Laser J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib56","first-page":"54","article-title":"Clinical observation of combination therapy of advanced colon cancer using Nd:YAG laser and PDT","volume":"9","author":"Shen","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib57","first-page":"146","article-title":"Long-term follow-up results of 70 cancer cases received ultrasound guided percutaneous PDT","volume":"9","author":"Zeng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib58","first-page":"25","article-title":"Gold vapor laser in photodynamic therapy for upper gastrointestinal cancers","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib59","first-page":"291","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy in treatment of esophagocardiac cancer\u2014a report of 110 cases","volume":"21","author":"Zhang","year":"2001","journal-title":"Acta Acad Med Xuzhou"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib60","first-page":"30","article-title":"Copper vapor dye laser in photodynamic therapy for 24 cases of obstructive oesophageal cancer","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mod Med Inst Appl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib61","first-page":"28","article-title":"Detecting and treating esophageal carcinoma with photodynamic therapy under endoscopy","volume":"8","author":"Cao","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib62","first-page":"759","article-title":"PDT of early esophageal cancer of 82 cases\u2014patient care","volume":"17","author":"Guo","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nurs Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib63","first-page":"51","article-title":"Treatment of upper GI carcinomas using copper vapor laser photodynamic therapy under endoscope guidance","volume":"19","author":"Yu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Dig Endosc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib64","first-page":"54","article-title":"Study of photodynamic therapy of gastrointestinal carcinomas","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib65","first-page":"5518","article-title":"Effect of photodynamic therapy combined with chemotherapy on quality of life in elder patients with gastrointestinal cancer","volume":"8","author":"Bei","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Rehabil"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib66","first-page":"327","article-title":"Preliminary report of photosensitizing reaction for the treatment of bladder cancer","volume":"4","author":"Zhang","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chin J Urol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib67","first-page":"328","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivatives and laser irradiation therapy in the treatment of bladder cancer\u2014report of 9 cases","volume":"5","author":"Ying","year":"1984","journal-title":"Chin J Urol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib68","first-page":"113","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of bladder cancer\u2014report of 21 cases","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"1985","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198711123172003","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative in the treatment of superficial transitional-cell carcinoma of the bladder","volume":"317","author":"Prout","year":"1987","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02593794","article-title":"An ultrastructural study of human bladder cancer treated by photodynamic therapy","volume":"3","author":"Zhou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Lasers Med Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib71","first-page":"176","article-title":"Electron microscopic observation on human bladder cancer tissue after photodynamic therapy","volume":"10","author":"Zhou","year":"1988","journal-title":"Acta Acad Med Sinica"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib72","first-page":"343","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with hematoporphyrin derivatives (HpD) laser in the treatment of bladder cancer","volume":"10","author":"Xu","year":"1989","journal-title":"Chin J Urol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib73","first-page":"23","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivatives high power interstitial irradiation of argon ion laser in the treatment of superficial transitional cell bladder tumor","volume":"11","author":"Li","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Urol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib74","first-page":"75","article-title":"Treatment of superficial bladder cancer using argon laser photodynamic therapy","volume":"12","author":"Guo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib75","first-page":"281","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of bladder cancer\u2014a report of 13 cases","volume":"11","author":"Zeng","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Urol Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib76","first-page":"379","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the urinary bladder and prevention of its recurrence","volume":"14","author":"Jiao","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib77","first-page":"415","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of bladder cancer\u2014report of 117 cases","volume":"30","author":"Jiao","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chin J Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib78","first-page":"10","article-title":"Laser therapy followed by intravesical instillation of platinum for bladder cancer","volume":"34","author":"Zhao","year":"1994","journal-title":"Shandong Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib79","first-page":"458","article-title":"Treatment of bladder cancer by Nd:YAG laser local irradiation and whole bladder photodynamic therapy with hematoporphyrin derivative","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib80","first-page":"317","article-title":"Gold vapor laser in photodynamic therapy for bladder cancer","volume":"22","author":"Zhu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chin J Laser"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib81","first-page":"463","article-title":"Whole bladder wall laser irradiation to prevent bladder cancer recurrence with intravesical HpD and ascorbic acid","volume":"19","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib82","first-page":"15","article-title":"Clinical study of CPD4-PDT for the prevention of recurrence in infiltrative bladder cancer","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chin J Integrating Chin Med Modern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib83","first-page":"69","article-title":"Comparison study of CPD4-PDT and Thio-TEPA instillation for the prevention of recurrence of bladder cancer","volume":"20","author":"Liu","year":"1998","journal-title":"Zhejiang Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib84","first-page":"306","article-title":"CD HS 801 as a new photosensitizer in the photodynamic therapy of stage T1 and T2 bladder cancer","volume":"26","author":"Fang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Shanghai Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib85","first-page":"55","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for genitourinary carcinomas\u2014report of 26 tumors in 17 patients","volume":"13","author":"Huang","year":"1991","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib86","first-page":"43","article-title":"Clinical observation of carbon dioxide laser combining with PDT, cure invasive epidermoid carcinoma","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib87","first-page":"103","article-title":"\u03b4-Aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for male urethral condyloma acuminatum","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2004.06189.x","article-title":"Topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy for the treatment of urethral condylomata acuminata","volume":"151","author":"Wang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib89","first-page":"184","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivative\u2013clinical use of laser treatment in malignant tumors","volume":"2","author":"Ha","year":"1982","journal-title":"Chin J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib90","first-page":"322","article-title":"Hematoporphyrin derivative (HpD) and laser therapy in the management of malignant tumors-clinical analysis of 47 cases","volume":"63","author":"Ha","year":"1983","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib91","unstructured":"Ha XW, Sun XM, Xie JG, et al. Clinical use of hematoporphyrin derivative in malignant tumors. Chin Med J 1983;96, 754\u20138 [in Chinese]. [This paper has been reproduced in: Kessel D, Thompson BJ, editors. Selected papers on photodynamic therapy. SPIE Milestone Series 1993;MS 82:196\u2013200. Washington DC, USA: SPIE Optical Engineering Press.]"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai WM, Yang Y, Zhang NW, et al. Photodynamic therapy in the management of cancer: an analysis of 114 cases. In: Kessel D, editor. Methods in porphyrin photosensitization, Adv Exp Med Biol 1985;193:13\u201320.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4613-2165-1_2"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib93","first-page":"53","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors using chlorophyll photosensitizer","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Chin Med Coll"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib94","first-page":"30","article-title":"Treatment of 110 cases of malignant tumors using pulse laser and photosensitizing therapy","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Zhejiang Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib95","first-page":"69","article-title":"Result and indication of photodynamic therapy in the treatment of malignant tumors\u2014analysis of 165 patients","volume":"12","author":"Cai","year":"1990","journal-title":"Chin J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib96","first-page":"11","article-title":"Treatment of malignant tumors using gold\/copper vapor lasers and HpD\u2013long-term observation of 18 cases","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fujian Med Pharm J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib97","first-page":"62","article-title":"Clinical observation of photodynamic therapy for malignant tumors","volume":"3","author":"Wang","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib98","first-page":"119","article-title":"Photofrin\/Diomed 630 PDT\u2014a report of 6 cases","volume":"8","author":"Liao","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib99","first-page":"1341","article-title":"Clinical study of Photofrin photodynamic therapy of advanced cancers","volume":"23","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"J First Mil Med Univ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib100","first-page":"213","article-title":"Primary study of photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization caused by age-related macular degeneration","volume":"16","author":"Yan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib101","first-page":"239","article-title":"Choroidal neovascularization (CNV) of high myopia treated with photodynamic therapy (PDT)","volume":"2","author":"Liu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Optom Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib102","first-page":"171","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"18","author":"He","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib103","first-page":"175","article-title":"Clinical study of photodynamic therapy for age-related macular degeneration","volume":"18","author":"Lu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib104","first-page":"157","article-title":"Retinal light sensitivity in central visual field after photodynamic therapy for choroidal neovascularization","volume":"13","author":"Jiang","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib105","first-page":"496","article-title":"Clinical observation of photodynamic therapy for the treatment of AMD","volume":"25","author":"Jin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Guangdong Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.2004.041624","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization of pathologic myopia in Chinese eyes: a prospective series of 1 and 2 year follow-up","volume":"88","author":"Lam","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib107","first-page":"317","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of port wine stain","volume":"13","author":"Gu","year":"1991","journal-title":"Beijing Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib108","first-page":"6","article-title":"Clinical study of selective treatment of port wine stain using photodynamic therapy\u2014a report of 40 cases","volume":"1","author":"Gu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib109","first-page":"154","article-title":"Clinical application of KTP laser in photodynamic therapy for port wine stain","volume":"2","author":"Gu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib110","first-page":"215","article-title":"Clinical application of copper vapor laser in PDT for fifty cases of PWS","volume":"3","author":"Gu","year":"1994","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib111","first-page":"151","article-title":"The impact of PDT on the skin perfusion of port wide stain","volume":"4","author":"Gu","year":"1995","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib112","first-page":"201","article-title":"Preliminary clinical observation of HMME in PDT for PWS","volume":"5","author":"Gu","year":"1996","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1826","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-199706000-00004","article-title":"Treatment of capillary vascular malformation (port-wine stains) with photochemotherapy","volume":"99","author":"Lin","year":"1997","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib114","first-page":"136","article-title":"Changes of skin perfusion after photodynamic therapy for port wine stain","volume":"111","author":"Jiang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib115","first-page":"163","article-title":"Clinical application of photodynamic therapy combined with non-coherent light (red light) for treatment of port-wine stains","volume":"14","author":"Ouyang","year":"1998","journal-title":"Chin J Plast Surg Burns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib116","first-page":"25","article-title":"An experimental and clinical study on photodynamic therapy combined with red light port-wine stains","volume":"13","author":"Ouyang","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pract Aesthetic Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib117","first-page":"88","article-title":"Responses of port wine stain lesions to laser irradiation during photodynamic therapy","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib118","first-page":"162","article-title":"Copper vapor laser for photodynamic therapy of port wine stain","volume":"20","author":"Chen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Acad Med Hubei"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib119","first-page":"168","article-title":"Preliminary clinical observation of port wine stain after argon laser PDT","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Shanghai J Stomatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib120","first-page":"171","article-title":"Derma spectrometer measurement for port wine stain","volume":"9","author":"Zhou","year":"2000","journal-title":"Shanghai J Stomatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib121","first-page":"86","article-title":"A clinic Analysis of 1216 cases of port wine stain treated by photodynamic therapy","volume":"10","author":"Gu","year":"2001","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib122","first-page":"476","article-title":"Clinical analysis of 238 cases of port wine stains patients treated by HMME-PDT","volume":"12","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Chin J Aesthetic Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1177\/000348949710600812","article-title":"Effect of photodynamic therapy on selected laboratory values of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma","volume":"106","author":"Lai","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1082","article-title":"Effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bak in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)","volume":"29","author":"Lai","year":"2001","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.326.7397.994","article-title":"Liver cancer in low and middle income countries","volume":"326","author":"Hall","year":"2003","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1117\/12.136998","article-title":"Interstitial photodynamic therapy for cancers of cavum oris, skin, and cervix","volume":"1616","author":"Zeng","year":"1991","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib127","first-page":"142","article-title":"Design of light irradiation for interstitial PDT","volume":"2","author":"Yang","year":"1993","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib128","first-page":"141","article-title":"A study on liver damage induced by photodynamic therapy","volume":"9","author":"Zeng","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J laser Med Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.20151","article-title":"Treatment of port wine stains with photodynamic therapy, using pulsed dye laser as a light source, compared with pulsed dye laser alone: a pilot study","volume":"36","author":"Evans","year":"2005","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.7.5.287","article-title":"Description and analysis of treatments for port-wine stain birthmarks","volume":"7","author":"Kelly","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/1011-1344(89)80035-1","article-title":"New trends in photobiology: mechanisms of tumor necrosis induced by photodynamic therapy","volume":"3","author":"Zhou","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1117\/12.317846","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for port wine stains","volume":"3548","author":"Li","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc SPIE"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1985.00800090051006","article-title":"Advances in laser skin surgery for vascular lesions","volume":"111","author":"Keller","year":"1985","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1002\/lsm.1900100406","article-title":"Photochemotherapy of hypervascular dermal lesions: a possible alternative to photothermal therapy?","volume":"10","author":"Orenstein","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lasers Surg Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001_bib135","first-page":"137","article-title":"Effect of photosensitizer photobleaching on vascular selectivity of photodynamic therapy","volume":"11","author":"Liu","year":"2002","journal-title":"Chin J Laser Med Surg"}],"container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100006000494?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100006000494?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:19:37Z","timestamp":1761610777000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1572100006000494"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"references-count":135,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1572100006000494"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001","relation":{},"ISSN":["1572-1000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1572-1000","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Photodynamic therapy in China: Over 25 years of unique clinical experience","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2006.03.001","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}