{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T23:38:23Z","timestamp":1779233903584,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,1]],"date-time":"2019-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1567296000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Hospital Fund of Wuhan 1-st Hospital","award":["2019Y12"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019Y12"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,13]],"date-time":"2019-07-13T10:45:07Z","timestamp":1563014707000},"page":"408-414","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy with amino-5-laevulinate nanoemulsion versus methyl-5-aminolaevulinate for actinic keratosis: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Chen","family":"Fu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo-Hua","family":"Kuang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xian-Yu","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bi-Cheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s13555-014-0049-y","article-title":"Actinic keratosis: rationale and management","volume":"4","author":"Dodds","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatol. Ther."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2523","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.24284","article-title":"G. Department of veteran affairs topical tretinoin chemoprevention trial, actinic keratoses: natural history and risk of malignant transformation in the veterans affairs topical tretinoin chemoprevention trial","volume":"115","author":"Criscione","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12434","article-title":"Akteam, Management of actinic keratosis: a practical report and treatment algorithm from AKTeam expert clinicians","volume":"28","author":"Dreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-018-0348-7","article-title":"Field cancerization therapies for management of actinic keratosis: a narrative review","volume":"19","author":"Jetter","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Dermatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12031","article-title":"European guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy part 1: treatment delivery and current indications - actinic keratoses, Bowen\u2019s disease, basal cell carcinoma","volume":"27","author":"Morton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2014.1253","article-title":"Efficacy of photodynamic therapy vs other interventions in randomized clinical trials for the treatment of actinic keratoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"150","author":"Patel","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Dermatol."},{"issue":"1-2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0035","first-page":"143","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with endogenous protoporphyrin IX: basic principles and present clinical experience, Journal of photochemistry and photobiology","volume":"6","author":"Kennedy","year":"1990","journal-title":"B, Biology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096829","article-title":"A network meta-analysis of the relative efficacy of treatments for actinic keratosis of the face or scalp in Europe","volume":"9","author":"Vegter","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0045","article-title":"Interventions for actinic keratoses","volume":"12","author":"Gupta","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1586\/era.10.154","article-title":"Recent advances in the prevention and treatment of skin cancer using photodynamic therapy","volume":"10","author":"Zhao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e302","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0625.2009.01001.x","article-title":"Fluorescence induction of protoporphyrin IX by a new 5-aminolevulinic acid nanoemulsion used for photodynamic therapy in a full-thickness ex vivo skin model","volume":"19","author":"Maisch","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2010.09873.x","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA for the treatment of actinic keratosis: results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III study","volume":"163","author":"Szeimies","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.17014","article-title":"A randomized intraindividual comparative study of methyl-5-aminolaevulinate vs. 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF-200 ALA) in photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis of the face and scalp","volume":"179","author":"Serra-Guillen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0070","article-title":"5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion is more effective than methyl-5-aminolaevulinate in daylight photodynamic therapy for actinic keratosis: a nonsponsored randomized double-blind multicentre trial","author":"Rasanen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.13326","article-title":"Daylight photodynamic therapy for actinic keratoses: a randomized double-blinded nonsponsored prospective study comparing 5-aminolaevulinic acid nanoemulsion (BF-200) with methyl-5-aminolaevulinate","volume":"171","author":"Neittaanmaki-Perttu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-2345","article-title":"Long-term outcome of daylight photodynamic therapy with Amino-5-laevulinate nanoemulsion vs. Methyl-5-aminolaevulinate for actinic keratoses","volume":"96","author":"Neittaanmaki-Perttu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Derm. Venereol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10613.x","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA for the treatment of actinic keratosis: results of a multicentre, randomized, observer-blind phase III study in comparison with a registered methyl-5-aminolaevulinate cream and placebo","volume":"166","author":"Dirschka","year":"2012","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.12158","article-title":"Long-term (6 and 12 months) follow-up of two prospective, randomized, controlled phase III trials of photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA and methyl aminolaevulinate for the treatment of actinic keratosis","volume":"168","author":"Dirschka","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.15185","article-title":"A randomized, intraindividual, non-inferiority, Phase III study comparing daylight photodynamic therapy with BF-200 ALA gel and MAL cream for the treatment of actinic keratosis","volume":"33","author":"Dirschka","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0100","first-page":"e123","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement","volume":"3","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"Open Med."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1050","DOI":"10.1007\/s10495-010-0479-7","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy: illuminating the road from cell death towards anti-tumour immunity","volume":"15","author":"Garg","year":"2010","journal-title":"Apoptosis"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0110","first-page":"250","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of cancer: an update","volume":"61","author":"Agostinis","year":"2011","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. Clin."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0115","first-page":"296","article-title":"Therapeutic decision making in the therapy of actinic keratoses","volume":"4","author":"Spencer","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Drugs Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0120","first-page":"407","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy--a new treatment option for epithelial malignancies of the skin","volume":"27","author":"Dragieva","year":"2004","journal-title":"Onkologie"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.134.2.207","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy in dermatology","volume":"134","author":"Fritsch","year":"1998","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1992.tb08541.x","article-title":"Photochemotherapy of cancer: experimental research","volume":"55","author":"Moan","year":"1992","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1996.tb09647.x","article-title":"Lutetium texaphyrin (PCI-0123): a near-infrared, water-soluble photosensitizer","volume":"63","author":"Young","year":"1996","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"746","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00182.x","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy of B16F10 murine melanoma with lutetium texaphyrin","volume":"110","author":"Woodburn","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Invest. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.98","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy: novel third-generation photosensitizers one step closer?","volume":"154","author":"Josefsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1080\/jdt.14.s3.23.26","article-title":"Methyl aminolevulinate (Metvix) photodynamic therapy - practical pearls","volume":"14","author":"Morton","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Dermatolog. Treat."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2002.04719.x","article-title":"Guidelines for topical photodynamic therapy: report of a workshop of the British Photodermatology Group","volume":"146","author":"Morton","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0160","first-page":"17","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for nonmelanoma skin cancers","volume":"39","author":"Zeitouni","year":"2003","journal-title":"Current review and update, Molecular immunology"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"791","DOI":"10.1586\/14737140.5.5.791","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy in dermatology: current concepts in the treatment of skin cancer","volume":"5","author":"Garcia-Zuazaga","year":"2005","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.det.2006.09.005","article-title":"Aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for skin cancers","volume":"25","author":"Blume","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dermatol. Clin."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.140.1.116","article-title":"Photodynamic therapy for nonmelanoma skin cancer--and more?","volume":"140","author":"Morton","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch. Dermatol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07946.x","article-title":"Randomized, double-blind, prospective study to compare topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid methylester with topical 5-aminolaevulinic acid photodynamic therapy for extensive scalp actinic keratosis","volume":"157","author":"Moloney","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. J. Dermatol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1016\/0046-8177(90)90202-G","article-title":"Immunohistochemical evidence for human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection of liver Kupffer cells","volume":"21","author":"Housset","year":"1990","journal-title":"Hum. Pathol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-012-0777-4","article-title":"Comparison of the uptake of 5-aminolevulinic acid and its methyl ester in keratinocytes and skin","volume":"385","author":"Schulten","year":"2012","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-2527(89)90007-1","article-title":"The post-assessment careers of mentally disordered offenders","volume":"12","author":"McMain","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int. J. Law Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1111\/phpp.12236","article-title":"Short-term chemical pretreatment cannot replace curettage in photodynamic therapy, Photodermatology","volume":"32","author":"Nissen","year":"2016","journal-title":"photoimmunology & photomedicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2009.03.048","article-title":"Pain associated with aminolevulinic acid-photodynamic therapy of skin disease","volume":"61","author":"Warren","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Am. Acad. Dermatol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009_bib0210","first-page":"764","article-title":"Evaluation of the costs of topical treatments for actinic keratosis based on lesion response and the affected area, Giornale italiano di dermatologia e venereologia : organo ufficiale","volume":"153","author":"Calzavara-Pinton","year":"2018","journal-title":"Soc. Ital. Dermatol. Sifilogr. Sezioni Interprov. Soc. Ital. Dermatol. Sifilogr."}],"container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100019302078?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100019302078?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:32:02Z","timestamp":1761611522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1572100019302078"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"references-count":42,"alternative-id":["S1572100019302078"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["1572-1000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1572-1000","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy with amino-5-laevulinate nanoemulsion versus methyl-5-aminolaevulinate for actinic keratosis: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2019.07.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}