{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T22:39:49Z","timestamp":1793572789887,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,27]],"date-time":"2022-05-27T12:26:37Z","timestamp":1653654397000},"page":"102931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Efficacy of subthreshold micropulse laser for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: A meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"He","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1828-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qinghua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0420.2007.00889.x","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"86","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Ophthalmol. (Copenh)"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2070","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(96)30386-2","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy in younger and older adults","volume":"103","author":"Spaide","year":"1996","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"406","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joco.2019.06.006","article-title":"Intravitreal bevacizumab administration for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"31","author":"Alishiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Curr. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2341","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S220845","article-title":"Central serous chorioretinopathy: pathogenesis and management","volume":"13","author":"Semeraro","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Ophthalmol. (Auckland, NZ)"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1371","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.142","article-title":"Comparison of subthreshold micropulse laser (577\u2009nm) treatment and half-dose photodynamic therapy in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"30","author":"Scholz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/3513794","article-title":"Low-fluence photodynamic therapy versus subthreshold micropulse yellow wavelength laser in the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"2016","author":"\u00d6zmert","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2008.08.026","article-title":"Subthreshold diode micropulse photocoagulation for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy with juxtafoveal leakage","volume":"115","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2010.02.005","article-title":"Micropulsed diode laser therapy: evolution and clinical applications","volume":"55","author":"Sivaprasad","year":"2010","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2014.01.022","article-title":"Half-fluence versus half-dose photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"157","author":"Nicol\u00f3","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol.Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.021","article-title":"Half-Dose Photodynamic Therapy versus High-Density Subthreshold Micropulse Laser Treatment in Patients with Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy: The PLACE Trial","volume":"125","author":"van Dijk","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0011","first-page":"n71","article-title":"The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews","volume":"372","author":"Page","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2019.03.025","article-title":"Focal and diffuse chronic central serous chorioretinopathy treated with half-dose photodynamic therapy or subthreshold micropulse laser: PLACE trial report No. 3","volume":"205","author":"van Rijssen","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"555","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2020-316076","article-title":"Analysis of choriocapillaris perfusion and choroidal layer changes in patients with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy randomised to micropulse laser or photodynamic therapy","volume":"105","author":"Ho","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-019-0692-8","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse laser compared with threshold conventional laser in central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"34","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2011.282","article-title":"Subthreshold diode laser micropulse photocoagulation versus intravitreal injections of bevacizumab in the treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"26","author":"Koss","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184112","article-title":"Subthreshold 577 nm micropulse laser treatment for central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"12","author":"Maruko","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1696","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2017-311291","article-title":"Yellow (577 nm) micropulse laser versus half-dose verteporfin photodynamic therapy in eyes with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: results of the Pan-American Collaborative Retina Study (PACORES) Group","volume":"102","author":"Roca","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1080\/08820538.2020.1809682","article-title":"Subthreshold micro-pulse yellow laser and eplerenone drug therapy in chronic central serous chorio-retinopathy patients: a comparative study","volume":"35","author":"Vignesh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Semin. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"17","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e25722","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000025722","article-title":"Comparison of the efficacy and safety of subthreshold micropulse laser with photodynamic therapy for the treatment of chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a meta-analysis","volume":"100","author":"Wu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1453","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.87.12.1453","article-title":"Choroidal vascular remodelling in central serous chorioretinopathy after indocyanine green guided photodynamic therapy with verteporfin: a novel treatment at the primary disease level","volume":"87","author":"Chan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1007\/s00417-002-0517-4","article-title":"Dose-related structural effects of photodynamic therapy on choroidal and retinal structures of human eyes","volume":"240","author":"Schl\u00f6tzer-Schrehardt","year":"2002","journal-title":"Graefe's Arch. Clin. Experiment. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0022","first-page":"835","article-title":"Histopathological changes following photodynamic therapy in human eyes","volume":"120","author":"Schmidt-Erfurth","year":"2002","journal-title":"Arch. Ophthalmol. (Chicago, Ill: 1960)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/cxo.12818","article-title":"Subthreshold diode micropulse laser versus observation in acute central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"102","author":"Arora","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Optom."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1007\/s12325-017-0559-y","article-title":"A Review of Subthreshold Micropulse Laser for Treatment of Macular Disorders","volume":"34","author":"Scholz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Adv. Ther."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000001386","article-title":"Nondamaging retinal laser therapy for treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy: what is the evidence?","volume":"37","author":"Wood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020242","article-title":"Micropulse Laser Treatment of Retinal Diseases","volume":"8","author":"Gaw\u0119cki","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Med."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.3928\/1542-8877-19970801-16","article-title":"Evaluation of visual function following argon laser photocoagulation in central serous retinopathy","volume":"28","author":"Khosla","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg. Lasers"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0028","first-page":"893","article-title":"Subretinal neovascularization following argon laser photocoagulation treatment for central serous chorioretinopathy: complication or misdiagnosis?","volume":"83","author":"Schatz","year":"1977","journal-title":"Trans. Sec. Ophthalmol. Am. Acad. Ophthalmol. Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1070","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2014-305353","article-title":"Long-term efficacy of half-dose photodynamic therapy on chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"99","author":"Tseng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD011841","article-title":"Interventions for central serous chorioretinopathy: a network meta-analysis","author":"Salehi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cochrane. Database. Syst. Rev."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-020-03129-5","article-title":"The efficacy of subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"36","author":"Uzlu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lasers Med. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-018-0309-7","article-title":"Short-duration multiple-session subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577\u2009nm) for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: results at 3 years","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eye"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000285","article-title":"Low-intensity\/high-density subthreshold microPulse diode laser for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy","volume":"35","author":"Malik","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1177\/112067210801800613","article-title":"Nonvisible subthreshold micropulse diode laser (810 nm) treatment of central serous chorioretinopathy. A pilot study","volume":"18","author":"Lanzetta","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Ophthalmol. Eur. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0035","first-page":"11","article-title":"Macular photocoagulation of human retina with a diode laser","volume":"3","author":"McHugh","year":"1990","journal-title":"Compar. Histopathol. Study"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0036","unstructured":"Vogel A, Birngruber RJLLO. (1992). Temperature profiles in human retina and choroid during laser coagulation with different wavelengths ranging from 514 to 810 nm. 5(1), 9-16."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"391","DOI":"10.1016\/0039-6257(84)90244-3","article-title":"Ocular effects of various laser wavelengths","volume":"28","author":"Peyman","year":"1984","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2030","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(97)30061-X","article-title":"The treatment of macular disease using a micropulsed and continuous wave 810-nm diode laser","volume":"104","author":"Friberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(86)33637-6","article-title":"Wavelength selection in macular photocoagulation. Tissue optics, thermal effects, and laser systems","volume":"93","author":"Mainster","year":"1986","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"946","DOI":"10.3928\/23258160-20181203-07","article-title":"Structural integrity of individual cone photoreceptors after short-wavelength subthreshold micropulse laser therapy for diabetic macular edema","volume":"49","author":"Wells-Gray","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Surg., Lasers Imag. Retina"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000521","article-title":"Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser versus subthreshold micropulse infrared laser in center-involving diabetic macular edema: morphologic and functional safety","volume":"35","author":"Vujosevic","year":"2015","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yadav N, Jayadev C, Mohan A, Vijayan P, Battu R, Dabir S, Shetty B, Shetty RJE. (2015). Subthreshold micropulse yellow laser (577 nm) in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: safety profile and treatment outcome. 29(2), 258-265.","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2014.315"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e3182445386","article-title":"Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography imaging of retinal changes after conventional multicolor laser, subthreshold micropulse diode laser, or pattern scanning laser therapy in Japanese with macular edema","volume":"32","author":"Inagaki","year":"2012","journal-title":"Retina (Philadelphia, Pa)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0044","series-title":"Diabetic Retinopathy: Approaches to a Global Epidemic Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology Summer Research Conference","first-page":"2010","article-title":"Laser-tissue interactions: future laser therapies","author":"Mainster","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.3109\/08820539909069538","article-title":"Decreasing retinal photocoagulation damage: principles and techniques","volume":"14","author":"Mainster","year":"1999","journal-title":"Semin. Ophthalmol."}],"container-title":["Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100022002174?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1572100022002174?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,28]],"date-time":"2025-10-28T00:47:17Z","timestamp":1761612437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1572100022002174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["S1572100022002174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931","relation":{},"ISSN":["1572-1000"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1572-1000","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Efficacy of subthreshold micropulse laser for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: A meta-analysis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2022.102931","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102931"}}