{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T04:29:31Z","timestamp":1784608171432,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,1]],"date-time":"2022-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Patient Education and Counseling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,10]],"date-time":"2021-07-10T19:13:00Z","timestamp":1625944380000},"page":"843-850","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Participation in structured diabetes self-management education programs and its associations with self-management behaviour \u2013 a nationwide population-based study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2379-8951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Solveig","family":"Carmienke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Astrid","family":"Fink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Baumert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christin","family":"Heidemann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Frese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8419-6412","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Heise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib1","unstructured":"International Diabetes Federation, IDF DIABETES ATLAS: Ninth edition 2019, 2019. https:\/\/www.diabetesatlas.org\/en\/. [Accessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-13-166","article-title":"Prevalence and comorbidity of diabetes mellitus among non-institutionalized older adults in Germany - results of the national telephone health interview survey \u2018German Health Update (GEDA)\u2019 2009","volume":"13","author":"Du","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib3","unstructured":"World Health Organisation, Global Report on Diabetes, 2016. https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789241565257. [Accessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1186\/2251-6581-12-14","article-title":"Role of self-care in management of diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Shrivastava","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Diabetes Metab Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib5","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer (B\u00c4K), Kassen\u00e4rztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie Typ-2 -Diabetes \u2013 Teilpublikation der Langfassung, 2. Auflage. Version 1., 2021. https:\/\/www.leitlinien.de\/mdb\/downloads\/nvl\/diabetes-mellitus\/diabetes-2aufl-vers1.pdf. [Accessed 29 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-001066","article-title":"Participation in structured diabetes mellitus self-management education program and association with lifestyle behavior: results from a population-based study","volume":"8","author":"Carmienke","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/ijcp.12384","article-title":"The importance of weight management in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"68","author":"Wilding","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deutsche Diabetes Gesellschaft, S3 - Leitlinie Therapie des Typ 1 Diabetes, 2018. https:\/\/www.awmf.org\/leitlinien\/detail\/ll\/057-013.html. [Accessed 30 March 2021].","DOI":"10.1055\/a-0604-8622"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib9","article-title":"Selecting and defining indicators for diabetes surveillance in Germany","volume":"3","author":"Gabrys","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Health Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib10","unstructured":"Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss, Richtlinie des Gemeinsamen Bundesausschusses zur Zusammenf\u00fchrung der Anforderungen an strukturierte Behandlungsprogramme nach \u00a7 137f Absatz 2 SGB V: DMP-Anforderungen-Richtlinie\/DMP-A-RL. Anlage 1 - Anforderungen an strukturierte Behandlungsprogramme f\u00fcr Diabetes mellitus Typ 2, 2020. https:\/\/www.g-ba.de\/richtlinien\/83\/. [Accessed 30 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib11","unstructured":"National Diabetes Surveillance at the Robert Koch Institute, Diabetes in Germany \u2013 National Diabetes Surveillance Report 2019, 2019. doi:10.25646\/6284. [Accessed 5 January 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib12","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer (B\u00c4K), Kassen\u00e4rztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes (Teil 1): Langfassung, Version 3, August 2013, AWMF-Registernr.: nvl-001g, 2013 . [Accessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib13","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Diabetes in adults: Quality standard, 2011, updated 2016. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/qs6. [Accessed 29 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-019-0924-3","article-title":"\u2018Learning to shape life\u2019 - a qualitative study on the challenges posed by a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2","volume":"18","author":"Fink","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S146","DOI":"10.1007\/s00508-015-0935-z","article-title":"Diabetesschulung bei Erwachsenen mit Diabetes","volume":"128","author":"Weitgasser","year":"2016","journal-title":"Wien Klin Wochenschr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721716689694","article-title":"Diabetes self-management education and support in type 2 diabetes","volume":"43","author":"Powers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib17","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Type 2 diabetes in adults: management: NICE guideline, 2015. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/ng28. [Accessed 29 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib18","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer (B\u00c4K), Kassen\u00e4rztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, Nationale Versorgungsleitlinie Diabetes \u2013 Strukturierte Schulungsprogramme \u2013: Langfassung, 1. Auflage, 2012. https:\/\/www.leitlinien.de\/nvl\/diabetes\/schulungsprogramme\/archiv. [Accessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib19","unstructured":"M. Gr\u00fc\u00dfer, V. J\u00f6rgens, Behandlungs- und Schulungsprogramm f\u00fcr Typ-2-Diabetes ohne Insulin: Curriculum, 13th ed, Deutscher \u00c4rzteverlag, K\u00f6ln, 2018."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib20","unstructured":"M. Gr\u00fc\u00dfer-Kraus, V. J\u00f6rgens, Behandlungs- und Schulungsprogramm f\u00fcr intensivierte Insulintherapie, 11th ed, Deutscher \u00c4rzteverlag, K\u00f6ln, 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721711423980","article-title":"Pharmacist-led shared medical appointments for multiple cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"37","author":"Cohen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Diabetes Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2006.01906.x","article-title":"Structured patient education: the diabetes X-PERT Programme makes a difference","volume":"23","author":"Deakin","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.2147\/DMSO.S232958","article-title":"Effectiveness of diabetes self-management educational programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in middle east countries: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Mikhael","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1027","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.13340","article-title":"Effectiveness of group-based self-management education for individuals with Type 2 diabetes: a systematic review with meta-analyses and meta-regression","volume":"34","author":"Odgers-Jewell","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ijn.12571","article-title":"Effectiveness of self-management programmes in diabetes management: a systematic review","volume":"23","author":"Vas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Nurs Pract"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"926","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2015.11.003","article-title":"Diabetes self-management education for adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review of the effect on glycemic control","volume":"99","author":"Chrvala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-3991(03)00016-8","article-title":"Diabetes patient education: a meta-analysis and meta-regression","volume":"52","author":"Ellis","year":"2004","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.7326\/M15-1400","article-title":"Behavioral programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and network meta-analysis","volume":"163","author":"Pillay","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD005268.pub2","article-title":"Individual patient education for people with type 2 diabetes mellitus","author":"Duke","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2011.05.017","article-title":"The effect of an education programme (MEDIAS 2 ICT) involving intensive insulin treatment for people with type 2 diabetes","volume":"86","author":"Hermanns","year":"2012","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2009.09.033","article-title":"Mediating the effect of self-care management intervention in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of 47 randomised controlled trials","volume":"80","author":"Minet","year":"2010","journal-title":"Patient Educ Couns"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phr.2004.04.002","article-title":"Patient self-management: a key to effectiveness and efficiency in care of chronic disease","volume":"119","author":"Holman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1463-1326.2009.01098.x","article-title":"How can structured self-management patient education improve outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes?","volume":"12","author":"Jarvis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Obes Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721709343609","article-title":"Assessing the value of diabetes education","volume":"35","author":"Duncan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib35","first-page":"75","article-title":"German health update: new data for Germany and Europe","volume":"2","author":"Sa\u00df","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Health Monit"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-017-0208-6","article-title":"Implementation of the European health interview survey (EHIS) into the German health update (GEDA)","volume":"75","author":"Lange","year":"2017","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib37","unstructured":"DDG and diabetesDE, Gesundheits-Pass Diabetes, 2020. https:\/\/www.diabetesde.org\/ueber_diabetes\/was_ist_diabetes_\/diabetes_pass. [Accessed 30 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib38","first-page":"631","article-title":"Messung des sozio\u00f6konomischen Status in der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1)","author":"Lampert","year":"2013","journal-title":"Stud Zur Gesundh Erwachs Dtschl - Ergeb aus der ersten Erheb (DEGS1)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib39","first-page":"251","article-title":"Short scale for measuring general self-efficacy beliefs (ASKU)","volume":"7","author":"Beierlein","year":"2013","journal-title":"Methode, Daten, Anal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2015.10.007","article-title":"Diabetes self-management education improves medication utilization and retinopathy screening in the elderly","volume":"10","author":"Murray","year":"2016","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcd.2020.01.004","article-title":"Associations between self-management behavior and sociodemographic and disease-related characteristics in elderly people with type 2 diabetes - new results from the population-based KORA studies in Germany","volume":"14","author":"Becker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Prim Care Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-5491.2007.02013.x","article-title":"Long-term effects of a structured intensive diabetes education programme (SIDEP) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus\u2014a 4-year follow-up study","volume":"24","author":"Ko","year":"2007","journal-title":"Diabet Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2710.2010.01218.x","article-title":"Effectiveness of a community pharmacist intervention in diabetes care: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"36","author":"Mehuys","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1111\/jgs.15173","article-title":"Community program improves quality of life and self-management in older adults with diabetes mellitus and comorbidity","volume":"66","author":"Markle-Reid","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1177\/0033354918794935","article-title":"Sociodemographic factors associated with engagement in diabetes self-management education among people with diabetes in the United States","volume":"133","author":"Adjei Boakye","year":"2018","journal-title":"Public Health Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/s13098-017-0236-y","article-title":"Disease management programs for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Germany: a longitudinal population-based descriptive study","volume":"9","author":"Mehring","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetol Metab Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib47","unstructured":"Groos S., Kretschmann J., Macare C., Weber A., Hagen B., Qualit\u00e4tssicherungsbericht 2017 Disease Management Programme in Nordrhein Tabellenband, Version 1c, 2018. https:\/\/www.kvno.de\/fileadmin\/shared\/pdf\/print\/berichte\/dmp-berichte\/qualbe_dmp17.pdf. [Aaccessed 31 March 2021]."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib48","unstructured":"Bundes\u00e4rztekammer (B\u00c4K), Kassen\u00e4rztliche Bundesvereinigung (KBV), Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften, Nationale VersorgungsLeitlinie Therapie des Typ-2-Diabetes: Pr\u00e4ventions- und Behandlungsstrategien f\u00fcr Fu\u00dfkomplikationen Februar 2010, Vers. 2.8, 2010."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S135","DOI":"10.2337\/dc20-S011","article-title":"11. Microvascular complications and foot care: standards of medical care in diabetes-2020","volume":"43","author":"American Diabetes Association","year":"2020","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.67.4.209","article-title":"Common causes of blindness and visual handicap in the west of Scotland","volume":"67","author":"Ghafour","year":"1983","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.307.6913.1195","article-title":"Diabetic retinopathy","volume":"307","author":"Kohner","year":"1993","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib52","series-title":"Internet, Phone, Mail, and Mixed-Mode Surveys: The Tailored Design Method, fourth., Auflage","author":"Dillman","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1086\/317990","article-title":"Leverage-saliency theory of survey participation: description and an illustration","volume":"64","author":"Groves","year":"2000","journal-title":"Public Opin Q"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1604","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-2533","article-title":"The association between patient-reported self-management behavior, intermediate clinical outcomes, and mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from the KORA-A study","volume":"37","author":"Laxy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"}],"container-title":["Patient Education and Counseling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738399121004766?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738399121004766?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:38:04Z","timestamp":1760035084000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0738399121004766"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]}},"alternative-id":["S0738399121004766"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017","relation":{},"ISSN":["0738-3991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0738-3991","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Participation in structured diabetes self-management education programs and its associations with self-management behaviour \u2013 a nationwide population-based study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Patient Education and Counseling","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pec.2021.07.017","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}