{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T01:22:03Z","timestamp":1783041723074,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000030","name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U01PS005229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01PS005229"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000030","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Patient Education and Counseling"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,6]],"date-time":"2025-06-06T18:59:28Z","timestamp":1749236368000},"page":"109221","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Use of cognitive interviews to develop PrEP education for men in New York and Alabama"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"138","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1625-3450","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maeve","family":"Brin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8425-9196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma Sophia","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9611-4181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asa","family":"Radix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3568-2131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Uri","family":"Belkind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2422-5787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. Scott","family":"Batey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2287-8255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen","family":"Ferrara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2755-1123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary","family":"Tanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6652-1384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sydney","family":"Fontalvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2577-4745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Kenniff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2184-4045","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebecca","family":"Schnall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib1","unstructured":"FDA, U. FDA In Brief: FDA continues to encourage ongoing education about the benefits and risks associated with PrEP, including additional steps to help reduce the risk of getting HIV. 2019; Available from: https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/fda-brief\/fda-brief-fda-continues-encourage-ongoing-education-about-benefits-and-risks-associated-prep#:\u223c:text=In%202012%2C%20the%20FDA%20approved,35%20kilograms%20(77%20pounds)."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(14)70847-3","article-title":"Uptake of pre-exposure prophylaxis, sexual practices, and HIV incidence in men and transgender women who have sex with men: a cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Grant","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2015.4683","article-title":"Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection integrated with Municipal- and Community-Based sexual health services","volume":"176","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1601","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/civ778","article-title":"No new HIV infections with increasing use of HIV preexposure prophylaxis in a clinical practice setting","volume":"61","author":"Volk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib5","unstructured":"CDC. On-Demand PrEP. 2022; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/basics\/prep\/on-demand-prep.html#:~:text=The%20type%20of%20%E2%80%9Con%2Ddemand,hours%20after%20the%20s%20dose\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib6","unstructured":"Fanfair, R.N. Anniversary of FDA Approval of PrEP. 2023; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/blog\/anniversary-of-fda-approval-of-prep#:~:text=In%202019%2C%20Descovy%20was%20added,Apretude%2C%20became%20available%20in%202022\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib7","unstructured":"FDA, U. FDA Approves First Injectable Treatment for HIV Pre-Exposure Prevention. 2021; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.fda.gov\/news-events\/press-announcements\/fda-approves-first-injectable-treatment-hiv-pre-exposure-prevention\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib8","unstructured":"CDC. PrEP Effectiveness. 2022; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/basics\/prep\/prep-effectiveness.html#:~:text=How%20effective%20is%20PrEP%3F,99%25%20when%20taken%20as%20prescribed\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1007\/s11121-019-0985-y","article-title":"Gay and bisexual men's strategies to maintain daily adherence to their HIV Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) medication: results from a qualitative study","volume":"20","author":"Grov","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prev Sci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2022.103630","article-title":"Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake and adherence experiences of gay and bisexual men who engage in chemsex: a qualitative study","volume":"103","author":"Maxwell","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Drug Policy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0000000000001251","article-title":"Uptake of HIV Pre-Exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in a national cohort of gay and bisexual men in the United States","volume":"74","author":"Parsons","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib12","unstructured":"C.D.C.. Core Indicators for Monitoring the Ending the HIV Epidemic Initiative (Preliminary Data): National HIV Surveillance System Data Reported through June 2023; and Preexposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) Data Reported through March 2023. 2023; Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/library\/reports\/surveillance-data-tables\/vol-4-no-3\/index.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib13","unstructured":"hiv.gov. U.S. Statistics. 2025; Available from: https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/hiv-basics\/overview\/data-and-trends\/statistics#:\u223c:text=By%20age%20group%2C%20the%20largest,13%20to%2024%20decreased%2030%25."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib14","unstructured":"AIDSVu. PrEP Use Across the U.S. at the County-Level. 2020; Available from: https:\/\/aidsvu.org\/news-updates\/prep-use-across-the-u-s-at-the-county-level\/."},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"583","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2023.0158","article-title":"Pre-Exposure prophylaxis care continuum for HIV risk populations: an umbrella review of systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses","volume":"37","author":"Jin","year":"2023","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib16","unstructured":"Keddem, S., et al., Barriers and Facilitators to Long-Acting Injectable HIV PrEP Implementation in Primary Care Since Its Approval in the United States. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 9900: p. 10.1097\/QAI.0000000000003370."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1521\/aeap.2024.36.1.33","article-title":"Identifying key factors to PrEP initiation and persistence among YMSM through focus groups and surveys in two High-Priority settings","volume":"36","author":"D'Avanzo","year":"2024","journal-title":"AIDS Educ Prev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib18","unstructured":"GLMA. LGBTQ+ Healthcare Directory. 2024; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/glma.org\/find_a_provider.php\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib19","unstructured":"Emory, U. PrEP Locator. 2024; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/preplocator.org\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib20","unstructured":"CDC. PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis). 2021; Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/basics\/pep.html#:\u223c:text=PEP%20(post%2Dexposure%20prophylaxis)%20means%20taking%20medicine%20to%20prevent,most%20common%20questions%20about%20PEP."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib21","unstructured":"CDC. HIV Treatment as Prevention. 2023; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/risk\/art\/index.html\u3009."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cptl.2020.09.005","article-title":"Using cognitive interviews and think-aloud protocols to understand thought processes","volume":"13","author":"Wolcott","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Pharm Teach Learn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib23","unstructured":"NIH Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP). 2023; Available from: https:\/\/hivinfo.nih.gov\/understanding-hiv\/fact-sheets\/pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep#:\u223c:text=If%20a%20person%20is%20exposed,bloodstream%20to%20block%20the%20virus."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5154.190118","article-title":"Methodology series module 5: sampling strategies","volume":"61","author":"Setia","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib25","first-page":"72","volume":"1","author":"Golzar","year":"2022","journal-title":"Conv Sampl"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib26","unstructured":"NASTAD, Minor Consent and Confidentiality Laws for HIV Treatment and PrEP. 2025."},{"issue":"December","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1145\/764008.763957","article-title":"Persuasive technology: using computers to change what we think and do","volume":"2002","author":"Fogg","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ubiquity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib28","unstructured":"Dedoose. What is Dedoose? 2024; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.dedoose.com\/home\/features\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-15260-3","article-title":"Barriers and facilitators to oral PrEP uptake among high-risk men after HIV testing at workplaces in Uganda: a qualitative study","volume":"23","author":"Nabunya","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3563","DOI":"10.1007\/s10461-022-03679-5","article-title":"Motivations and barriers to routine HIV testing among men who have sex with men in New York city","volume":"26","author":"Kobrak","year":"2022","journal-title":"AIDS Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib31","unstructured":"Campaign, H.R. Debunking Common Myths about HIV. 2023; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.hrc.org\/resources\/debunking-common-myths-about-hiv\u3009."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624231152781","article-title":"Barriers to uptake of PrEP across the continuum among transgender women: a global scoping review","volume":"34","author":"Teng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J STD AIDS"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib33","unstructured":"AETC. PrEP Action Kit. Available from: \u3008https:\/\/aidsetc.org\/resource\/prep-action-kit\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib34","unstructured":"CDC. HIV Prevention Materials. 2022; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/clinicians\/materials\/prevention.html\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib35","unstructured":"Center, N.L.H.E. PrEP Action Kit. 2023; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.lgbtqiahealtheducation.org\/publication\/prep-action-kit\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib36","unstructured":"hiv.gov. Ready, Set, PrEP Resources. 2021; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.hiv.gov\/federal-response\/ending-the-hiv-epidemic\/prep-program-resources\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib37","unstructured":"SIECUS. PrEP Education for Youth-Serving Primary Care Providers Toolkit. 2018; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/siecus.org\/resources\/prep-education-for-youth-serving-primary-care-providers-toolkit\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib38","unstructured":"AIDS Education & Training Center. Pre-exposure Prophylaxis. 2025; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/aidsetc.org\/topic\/pre-exposure-prophylaxis\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib39","unstructured":"CDC. Preventing HIV with PrEP. 2024; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/prevention\/prep.html\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib40","unstructured":"National LGBTQIA+ Health Education Center. Accelerate PrEP for HIV Training Modules. 2025; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.lgbtqiahealtheducation.org\/courses\/accelerate-prep-modules\/\u3009."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2018.12.008","article-title":"Patient recommendations for PrEP information dissemination at family planning clinics in Atlanta, Georgia","volume":"99","author":"Sales","year":"2019","journal-title":"Contraception"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib42","unstructured":"Pew Research Center. How U.S. Adults Use TikTok. 2024; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/www.pewresearch.org\/internet\/2024\/02\/22\/how-u-s-adults-use-tiktok\/\u3009."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17010192","article-title":"How health communication via tik tok makes a difference: a content analysis of tik tok accounts run by Chinese provincial health committees","volume":"17","author":"Zhu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1186\/s12909-019-1876-4","article-title":"Uses of quick response codes in healthcare education: a scoping review","volume":"19","author":"Karia","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Med Educ"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib45","unstructured":"AIDSVu. AIDSVu Releases New Data Showing Significant Inequities in PrEP Use Among Black and Hispanic Americans. 2022; Available from: \u3008https:\/\/aidsvu.org\/news-updates\/prep-use-race-ethnicity-launch-22\/\u3009."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annepidem.2022.04.011","article-title":"Trends in HIV care outcomes among adults and adolescents in the U.S. South, 2015\u20132019","volume":"71","author":"Gant","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25286","article-title":"Suboptimal geographic accessibility to comprehensive HIV care in the US: regional and urban-rural differences","volume":"22","author":"Masiano","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Int AIDS Soc"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1080\/13691058.2021.1909142","article-title":"Shared decision making for HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with black transgender women","volume":"24","author":"McNulty","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cult Health Sex"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s11904-020-00535-w","article-title":"Patient-Led Decision-Making for HIV preexposure prophylaxis","volume":"18","author":"Sewell","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr HIV\/AIDS Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1089\/apc.2021.0066","article-title":"Salient constructs for the development of shared Decision-Making tools for HIV Pre-Exposure prophylaxis uptake and regimen choice: behaviors, behavioral skills, and beliefs","volume":"35","author":"Meyers","year":"2021","journal-title":"AIDS Patient Care STDS"}],"container-title":["Patient Education and Counseling"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738399125005889?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0738399125005889?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T17:25:15Z","timestamp":1782494715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0738399125005889"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0738399125005889"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221","relation":{},"ISSN":["0738-3991"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0738-3991","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Use of cognitive interviews to develop PrEP education for men in New York and Alabama","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Patient Education and Counseling","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pec.2025.109221","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Elsevier B.V. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"109221"}}