{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T02:57:29Z","timestamp":1784343449287,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,28]],"date-time":"2025-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PEC Innovation"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,29]],"date-time":"2025-08-29T15:13:44Z","timestamp":1756480424000},"page":"100428","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hidden misinformation in YouTube short videos on syphilis: A mixed-methods study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Emi","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tsuyoshi","family":"Okuhara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shinya","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritsuko","family":"Shirabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroko","family":"Okada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1544","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00266-3","article-title":"WHO global research priorities for sexually transmitted infections","volume":"12","author":"Gottlieb","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Glob Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0010","series-title":"Implementing the global health sector strategies on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2022\u20132030: report on progress and gaps 2024","first-page":"69","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"issue":"10398","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(22)02348-0","article-title":"Syphilis","volume":"402","author":"Peeling","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0020","series-title":"Data on syphilis, The Global Health Observatory","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2024"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2022.11.010","article-title":"Resurgence of syphilis in 2022 amongst heterosexual men and women in Osaka, Japan","volume":"29","author":"Ukai","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0298288","article-title":"Rapid resurgence of syphilis in Japan after the COVID-19 pandemic: a descriptive study","volume":"19","author":"Komori","year":"2024","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2 Suppl 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S83","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000286","article-title":"Health communication and social marketing campaigns for sexually transmitted disease prevention and control: what is the evidence of their effectiveness?","volume":"43","author":"Friedman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051743","article-title":"A meta-analysis of the effect of new-media interventions on sexual-health behaviours","volume":"91","author":"Swanton","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.36849\/JDD.6676","article-title":"DermTok: how TikTok is changing the landscape of dermatology patient education","volume":"22","author":"Campbell","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Drugs Dermatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076231179053","article-title":"Are dental x-rays safe? Content analysis of English and Chinese YouTube videos","volume":"9","author":"Yeung","year":"2023","journal-title":"Digital Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-023-03332-8","article-title":"Is TikTok a high-quality source of information on thyroid cancer?","volume":"81","author":"Yang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"issue":"24","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413260","article-title":"Characterizing the content related to oral health education on TikTok","volume":"18","author":"Fraticelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/30409","article-title":"TikTok as a health information source: assessment of the quality of information in diabetes-related videos","volume":"23","author":"Kong","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1177\/1460458213512220","article-title":"Healthcare information on YouTube: a systematic review","volume":"21","author":"Madathil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Health Inform J"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1002\/epd2.20036","article-title":"The devil is in the details: understanding how misinformation regarding epilepsy manifests in TikTok videos","volume":"25","author":"Jiang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Epileptic Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040119-094127","article-title":"Public health and online misinformation: challenges and recommendations","volume":"41","author":"Swire-Thompson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0085","series-title":"2012 survey of Americans on HIV\/AIDS","author":"Washington Post\/Kaiser Family Foundation","year":"2012"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1177\/15248399231180592","article-title":"The more things change, the more they stay the same: HIV\/AIDS myths and misinformation in the rural United States","volume":"25","author":"Smallwood","year":"2024","journal-title":"Health Promot Pract"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.92.3.371","article-title":"HIV-related stigma and knowledge in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1991-1999","volume":"92","author":"Herek","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Public Health"},{"issue":"sup1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2016.1209599","article-title":"The opposite of denial: social learning at the onset of the Ebola emergency in Liberia","volume":"22","author":"Abramowitz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Health Commun"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"532","DOI":"10.1080\/10810730.2011.626503","article-title":"A flu by any other name: why the World Health Organization should adopt the world meteorological association\u2019s storm naming system as a model for naming emerging infectious diseases","volume":"17","author":"Schein","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Health Commun"},{"issue":"15","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18158091","article-title":"COVID-19 misinformation online and health literacy: a brief overview","volume":"18","author":"Bin Naeem","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"issue":"188","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20210668","DOI":"10.1098\/rsif.2021.0668","article-title":"Misinformation can prevent the suppression of epidemics","volume":"19","author":"Sontag","year":"2022","journal-title":"J R Soc Interface"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1186\/s40504-018-0067-0","article-title":"Crisis communication in public health emergencies: the limits of \u2018legal control\u2019 and the risks for harmful outcomes in a digital age","volume":"14","author":"Quinn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Life Sci Soc Policy"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1111\/aphw.12433","article-title":"Effects of social norms and message framing on reducing the stigma of gynecological diseases: a cognitive-affective-behavioral model","volume":"15","author":"Dong","year":"2023","journal-title":"Appl Psychol Health Well Being"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/meet.2009.1450460273","article-title":"\u201cA lot of people didn\u2019t have a chance to support us because we never told them\u201d stigma management, information poverty and HIV\/AIDS information\/help networks","volume":"46","author":"Veinot","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc Am Soc Inf Sci Technol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764219878223","article-title":"Misinformation about health: a review of health communication and misinformation scholarship","volume":"65","author":"Krishna","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am Behav Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053197","article-title":"HIV videos on YouTube: helpful or harmful?","volume":"93","author":"Ortiz-Martinez","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1989","DOI":"10.1007\/s13178-022-00752-5","article-title":"Understandability and Actionability of education materials about syphilis on YouTube","volume":"19","author":"Sahin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sex Res Soc Policy"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0150","unstructured":"Statista Research Department. Most commonly used free video streaming and video sharing services among users in Japan as of May 2023. n.d. [cited 2025 February 17]; Available from: https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/1246985\/japan-most-popular-free-video-streaming-video-sharing-services\/#:\u223c:text=According%20to%20an%20online%20survey,followed%20by%20TVer%20and%20Twitter."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/23656","article-title":"Young adults\u2019 use of different social media platforms for health information: insights from web-based conversations","volume":"24","author":"Lim","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0160","series-title":"Making short-form videos accessible with hierarchical video summaries","first-page":"1","author":"Van Daele","year":"2024"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1071\/SH23031","article-title":"Unprecedented increase in syphilis cases among heterosexual men and women in Japan, 2021-2022","volume":"20","author":"Kasamatsu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0170","series-title":"Syphilis epidemic status (Tokyo 2024)","author":"Tokyo Metropolitan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center","year":"2024"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0175","author":"Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14226","article-title":"Evaluating the understandability and actionability of online educational videos on pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease","volume":"28","author":"Furukawa, E.a.O.T.a.O.H.a.F.Y.a.O.M.a.H.T.a.K.T","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton, Vic)"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2004.10.007","article-title":"How are we searching the world wide web? A comparison of nine search engine transaction logs","volume":"42","author":"Jansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Inf Process Manag"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.53.2.105","article-title":"DISCERN: an instrument for judging the quality of written consumer health information on treatment choices","volume":"53","author":"Charnock","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/09273972.2025.2509487","article-title":"Strabismus: an assessment of educational content on social media","author":"Ghanekar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Strabismus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S459475","article-title":"Misinformation persists in complementary health: evaluating the reliability and quality of YouTube-based information on the use of acupuncture for chronic pain","volume":"17","author":"Greer","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/17680","article-title":"Evaluation of the liver disease information in Baidu encyclopedia and Wikipedia: longitudinal study","volume":"23","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/mededu.8527","article-title":"Medical YouTube videos and methods of evaluation: literature review","volume":"4","author":"Drozd","year":"2018","journal-title":"JMIR Med Educ"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1334","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0000000000002691","article-title":"Evaluating the accuracy and quality of the information in kyphosis videos shared on YouTube","volume":"43","author":"Erdem","year":"2018","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.33962\/roneuro-2019-050","article-title":"Quality and reliability of information available on YouTube videos pertaining to transforaminal lumbar epidural steroid injections","volume":"33","author":"Atci","year":"2019","journal-title":"Roman Neurosurg"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmaid.2020.101636","article-title":"YouTube as source of information on 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak: a cross sectional study of English and mandarin content","volume":"35","author":"Khatri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Travel Med Infect Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(19980115)17:1<101::AID-SIM727>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Sample size and optimal designs for reliability studies","volume":"17","author":"Walter","year":"1998","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0235","series-title":"Basic Knowledge of Syphilis Clinical Practice","author":"Japanese Society for Sexually Transmitted Infections","year":"2024"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1901593","article-title":"The modern epidemic of syphilis","volume":"382","author":"Ghanem","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0245","author":"Centers for Disease Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16946","article-title":"2020 European guideline on the management of syphilis","volume":"35","author":"Janier","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1037\/qup0000196","article-title":"Conceptual and design thinking for thematic analysis","volume":"9","author":"Braun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Qual Psychol"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa","article-title":"Using thematic analysis in psychology","volume":"3","author":"Braun","year":"2006","journal-title":"Qual Res Psychol"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12197","article-title":"Using multimedia for e-learning","volume":"33","author":"Mayer","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Comput Assist Learn"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0270","series-title":"The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning","first-page":"174","article-title":"The multimedia principle","author":"Butcher","year":"2014"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0275","article-title":"A content analysis of video advertisements for dietary supplements in Japan","volume":"9","author":"Iye","year":"2021","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzm042","article-title":"Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ): a 32-item checklist for interviews and focus groups","volume":"19","author":"Tong","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Qual Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2020.09.014","article-title":"An evaluation of websites offering caregiver education for tracheostomy and home mechanical ventilation","volume":"56","author":"Misra","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.2147\/JAA.S133536","article-title":"Evaluating asthma websites using the brief DISCERN instrument","volume":"10","author":"Banasiak","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Asthma Allergy"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.4069\/kjwhn.2023.08.19","article-title":"Content and quality of YouTube regarding women\u2019s health: a scoping review","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Womens Health Nurs"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-023-07172-9","article-title":"Hysteroscopy in the new media: quality and reliability analysis of hysteroscopy procedures on YouTube\u2122","volume":"308","author":"Libretti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Arch Gynecol Obstet"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1831","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-023-16495-w","article-title":"YouTube online videos as a source for patient education of cervical spondylosis-a reliability and quality analysis","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/ner.13303","article-title":"YouTube as a source of medical information about spinal cord stimulation","volume":"24","author":"Langford","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuromodulation Technol Neural Interface"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.15624","article-title":"YouTube as a source of information on infantile colic","volume":"65","author":"Demirtas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pediatr Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1037\/a0039729","article-title":"Appealing to fear: a meta-analysis of fear appeal effectiveness and theories","volume":"141","author":"Tannenbaum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1177\/1090198120935073","article-title":"How fear appeal approaches in COVID-19 health communication may be harming the global community","volume":"47","author":"Stolow","year":"2020","journal-title":"Health Educ Behav"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2020.110420","article-title":"Emotional responses to prosocial messages increase willingness to self-isolate during the COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"170","author":"Heffner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pers Individ Differ"},{"issue":"Suppl. 1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S34","DOI":"10.1086\/524986","article-title":"Stigma in the time of influenza: social and institutional responses to pandemic emergencies","volume":"197","author":"Barrett","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1002\/pon.3964","article-title":"Emotional responses to the experience of cancer \u2018alarm\u2019 symptoms","volume":"25","author":"Whitaker","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychooncology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0345","first-page":"109","article-title":"Association between syphilis incidence and dating app use in Japan","volume":"3","author":"Suzuki","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jma J"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0350","series-title":"Why the Surge of Syphilis? Misunderstanding and Neglect of Sexually Transmitted Diseases","author":"Ichino","year":"2023"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1071\/SH14174","article-title":"Syphilis transmission: a review of the current evidence","volume":"12","author":"Stoltey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sex Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0360","series-title":"Syphilis","author":"National Institute of Infectious Diseases","year":"2022"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1363\/4122509","article-title":"Relationships between perceived STD-related stigma, STD-related shame and STD screening among a household sample of adolescents","volume":"41","author":"Cunningham","year":"2009","journal-title":"Perspect Sex Reprod Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0370","series-title":"YouTube's efforts in Japan regarding misinformation and fake news","author":"YouTube Japan","year":"2023"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-19077-6","article-title":"YouTube\/ Bilibili\/ TikTok videos as sources of medical information on laryngeal carcinoma: cross-sectional content analysis study","volume":"24","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"620","DOI":"10.1111\/nep.14226","article-title":"Evaluating the understandability and actionability of online educational videos on pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease","volume":"28","author":"Furukawa","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nephrology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0385","first-page":"248","article-title":"Quality of bladder cancer information on YouTube","volume":"75","author":"Garc\u00eda-Cano-Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2022","journal-title":"Central Eur J Urol"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/21204","article-title":"Factors engaging users of diabetes social media channels on Facebook, twitter, and Instagram: observational study","volume":"22","author":"Gabarron","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0395","article-title":"Assessing the quality of COVID-19 vaccine videos on video-sharing platforms","volume":"2","author":"Tan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Explorat Res Clin Soc Pharm"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428_bb0400","first-page":"e111","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine videos: health literacy considerations","volume":"7","author":"Feinberg","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Liter Res Pract"}],"container-title":["PEC Innovation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772628225000573?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S2772628225000573?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T17:24:43Z","timestamp":1765473883000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S2772628225000573"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":80,"alternative-id":["S2772628225000573"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428","relation":{},"ISSN":["2772-6282"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2772-6282","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hidden misinformation in YouTube short videos on syphilis: A mixed-methods study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"PEC Innovation","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pecinn.2025.100428","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"100428"}}