{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T02:43:10Z","timestamp":1791686590067,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,1]],"date-time":"2018-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525132800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.jp","jpedhc.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.fr","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,21]],"date-time":"2018-02-21T10:06:51Z","timestamp":1519207611000},"page":"250-262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: Health Care Use and Case Characteristics"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Gail","family":"Hornor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Sherfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0010","first-page":"36","article-title":"Identification of human trafficking victims in health care settings","volume":"13","author":"Baldwin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Health and Human Rights"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0015","series-title":"Characteristics of suspected human trafficking incidents, 2008-2010","author":"Banks","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib9000","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acap.2017.07.009","article-title":"Commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of children and adolescents: A narrative review","volume":"17","author":"Barnet","year":"2017","journal-title":"Academic Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0000000000000198","article-title":"Sex trafficking of adolescents and young adults in the United States: Healthcare provider's role","volume":"27","author":"Chaffee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Current Opinions in Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib9005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/JFN.0000000000000072","article-title":"Risk factors for domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States: A literature review","volume":"11","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Forensic Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1007\/s10560-014-0336-6","article-title":"Domestic minor sex trafficking: Assessing and reducing risk","volume":"31","author":"Countryman-Roswurm","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0030","series-title":"The commercial sexual exploitation of children in New York City","author":"Curtis","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.4137\/CMPed.S38457","article-title":"Pediatric weight management program outcomes in a largely minority, low socioeconomic status population","volume":"10","author":"Demeule-Hayes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Medicine Insights. Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0040","first-page":"e22","article-title":"Sex trafficking of women and girls","volume":"6","author":"Deshpande","year":"2013","journal-title":"Reviews in Obstetrics & Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmwh.2009.12.017","article-title":"Human trafficking: The role of the health care provider","volume":"55","author":"Dovydaitis","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0050","author":"ECPAT-USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.016","article-title":"Assessing exploitation experiences of girls and boys seen at a child advocacy center","volume":"46","author":"Edinburgh","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0060","series-title":"The commercial sexual exploitation of children in the United States, Canada, and Mexico","author":"Estes","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2016.08.010","article-title":"Domestic minor sex trafficking patients: A retrospective analysis of medical presentation","volume":"30","author":"Goldberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric & Adolescent Gynecology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cppeds.2014.07.001","article-title":"Commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking of children in the United States","volume":"44","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2014","journal-title":"Current Problems in Pediatric Adolescent Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib9010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpem.2016.09.006","article-title":"Identifying victims of human trafficking in the emergency department","volume":"17","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatric Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib9015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2014-4138","article-title":"Child sex trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation: Health care needs of victims","volume":"135","author":"Greenbaum","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0075","author":"Greenbaum"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2013.02.001","article-title":"Child maltreatment: Screening and anticipatory guidance","volume":"27","author":"Hornor","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2014.08.016","article-title":"Domestic minor sex trafficking: What the PNP needs to know","volume":"29","author":"Hornor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1194","DOI":"10.1007\/s11524-013-9837-4","article-title":"An international comparative public health analysis of sex trafficking of women and girls in eight cities: Achieving a more effective health sector response","volume":"90","author":"Konstantopoulos","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Urban Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1093\/sw\/55.2.181","article-title":"Domestic minor sex trafficking in the United States","volume":"55","author":"Kotrla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Social Work"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0100","first-page":"61","article-title":"The health consequences of sex trafficking and their implications for identifying victims in healthcare facilities","volume":"23","author":"Lederer","year":"2014","journal-title":"Annals of Health Law"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0105","first-page":"1","article-title":"Positive parenting for healthy living for parents of children with type 1 diabetes: Protocol of a randomized control trial","volume":"16","author":"Lohan","year":"2016","journal-title":"BioMed Central Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0110","author":"National Center for Missing and Exploited Children"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1001224","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001224","article-title":"Prevalence and risk of violence and the physical, mental, and sexual health problems associated with human trafficking: A systematic review","volume":"9","author":"Oram","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1111\/ajop.12056","article-title":"Child trafficking and commercial sexual exploitation: A review of promising prevention policies and programs","volume":"83","author":"Rafferty","year":"2013","journal-title":"American Journal of Orthopsychiatry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1747","DOI":"10.1177\/0886260513511535","article-title":"Age-graded risks for commercial sexual exploitation of male and female youth","volume":"29","author":"Reid","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Interpersonal Violence"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2016.06.019","article-title":"Supporting youth involved in domestic minor sex trafficking: Divergent perspectives on youth agency","volume":"58","author":"Sapiro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2010-0451","article-title":"Intimate partner violence: The role of the pediatrician","volume":"125","author":"Thackeray","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2009.11.012","article-title":"Poly-victimization in a national sample of children and youth","volume":"38","author":"Turner","year":"2010","journal-title":"American Journal of Preventative Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0150","author":"U.S. Census Bureau"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0155","author":"U.S. Census Bureau"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chiabu.2015.04.004","article-title":"Characteristics of child commercial sexual exploitation and sex trafficking victims presenting for medical care in the United States","volume":"44","author":"Varma","year":"2015","journal-title":"Child Abuse & Neglect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0165","series-title":"Human trafficking","author":"Walker-Rodriguez","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib9020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2010.501916","article-title":"Correlates of engaging in survival sex among homeless youth and young adults","volume":"48","author":"Walls","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Sex Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004_bib0170","author":"Washington State Office of the Attorney General"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Health Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891524517304650?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0891524517304650?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]],"date-time":"2018-08-23T23:24:08Z","timestamp":1535066648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0891524517304650"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]}},"alternative-id":["S0891524517304650"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["0891-5245"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0891-5245","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children: Health Care Use and Case Characteristics","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric Health Care","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedhc.2017.11.004","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2017 by the National Association of Pediatric Nurse Practitioners. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}