{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T18:42:37Z","timestamp":1790620957173,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,13]],"date-time":"2025-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744502400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","pediatricnursing.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]],"date-time":"2025-04-18T15:22:09Z","timestamp":1744989729000},"page":"e142-e163","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The psychosocial impact of childhood constipation on the children and family: A scoping review"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Yvonne","family":"McCague","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Furlong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suja","family":"Somanadhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.85.6.1275","article-title":"The classification of child psychopathology: A review and analysis of empirical efforts","volume":"85","author":"Achenbach","year":"1978","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaac.2016.05.012","article-title":"Internalizing\/externalizing problems: Review and recommendations for clinical and research applications","volume":"55","author":"Achenbach","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0015","article-title":"Breaking the cycle: Psychological and social dimensions of pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders. World journal of","volume":"14","author":"Al-Beltagi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1080\/1364557032000119616","article-title":"Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework","volume":"8","author":"Arksey","year":"2005","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00127-020-01959-w","article-title":"Early childhood internalizing problems, externalizing problems and their co-occurrence and (mal)adaptive functioning in emerging adulthood: A 16-year follow-up study","volume":"56","author":"Arslan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0562","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.16608","article-title":"Functional constipation as a risk factor for pyelonephritis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children","volume":"112","author":"Axelgaard","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.1080\/00325481.2018.1464364","article-title":"Educational needs in the diagnosis and management of pediatric functional constipation: A US survey of specialist and primary care clinicians","volume":"130","author":"Barnes","year":"2018","journal-title":"Postgraduate Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"448","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1536-4801.2004.tb00890.x","article-title":"Childhood constipation: Is there new light in the tunnel?","volume":"39","author":"Benninga","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0040","article-title":"Health related quality of life in children with constipation-associated fecal incontinence","author":"Bongers","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatrics 154(5), 749-753.e741. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2008.11.029"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0537","article-title":"Treatment of childhood constipation by primary care physicians: Efficacy and predictors of outcome","volume":"115","author":"Borowitz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatrics (Evanston)"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2021.08.004","article-title":"Pediatric palliative care parents\u2019 distress, financial difficulty, and child symptoms","volume":"63","author":"Boyden","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pain and Symptom Management"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1080\/13645579.2021.1899596","article-title":"Scoping reviews: The PAGER framework for improving the quality of reporting","volume":"25","author":"Bradbury-Jones","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Social Research Methodology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.01.001","article-title":"Management of Functional Constipation in children with lower urinary tract symptoms: Report from the standardization Committee of the International Children\u2019s continence society","volume":"190","author":"Burgers","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Urology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.5152\/tjg.2017.17216","article-title":"Clinical findings, child and mother psychosocial status in functional constipation","volume":"28","author":"\u00c7a\u01e7an Appak","year":"2017","journal-title":"The Turkish Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0070","author":"Children'\u2019s Health Ireland"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2016.08.095","article-title":"A Population-Based Study on the Epidemiology of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders in Young Children","volume":"179","author":"Chogle","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Journal of pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0085","author":"Covidence systematic review software"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-4151","article-title":"Children\u2019s perspectives on living with a sibling with a chronic illness","volume":"142","author":"Deavin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/tropej\/fmp077","article-title":"Association between constipation and stressful life events in a cohort of Sri Lankan children and adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Devanarayana","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Tropical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(00)90039-8","article-title":"Childhood constipation: Finally some hard data about hard stools!","volume":"136","author":"Di Lorenzo","year":"2000","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-305941","article-title":"Parental child-rearing attitudes are associated with functional constipation in childhood","volume":"100","author":"van Dijk","year":"2015","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0110","first-page":"180","article-title":"The effects of constipation on the quality of life of children and mothers","volume":"55","author":"Dolgun","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1003","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.15368","article-title":"Emotional and behavioural problems in children and adolescents: The role of constipation","volume":"57","author":"Dos Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"158","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2016.04.009","article-title":"Long-term health implications of school quality","volume":"1982","author":"Dudovitz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Social Science & Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.4038\/sljch.v51i2.10123","article-title":"Socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors of functional constipation in children: A case-control study","volume":"51","author":"Edan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sri Lanka journal of child health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.epag.2016.05.003","article-title":"Impact of functional constipation on psychosocial functioning and quality of life of children: A cross-sectional study","volume":"64","author":"Elkhayat","year":"2016","journal-title":"The Gazette of the Egyptian Paediatric Association"},{"issue":"23","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4019","DOI":"10.3889\/oamjms.2019.677","article-title":"Assessment of Behavioural disorders in children with functional constipation","volume":"7","author":"El-Sonbaty","year":"2019","journal-title":"Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-016-2824-5","article-title":"Bladder and bowel dysfunctions in 1748 children referred to pelvic physiotherapy: clinical characteristics and locomotor problems in primary, secondary, and tertiary healthcare settings","volume":"176","author":"van Engelenburg\u2013van Lonkhuyzen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-007-0619-4","article-title":"Psychosocial co-morbidity affects treatment outcome in children with fecal incontinence","volume":"167","author":"van Everdingen-Faasen","year":"2008","journal-title":"European Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0150","first-page":"421","article-title":"Assessment of health-related quality of life in children with functional defecation disorders","volume":"82","author":"Faleiros","year":"2006","journal-title":"Jornal de Pediatria"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0309-2402.2003.02831.x","article-title":"Management of childhood constipation: Parents\u2019 experiences","volume":"44","author":"Farrell","year":"2003","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.37250","article-title":"Association between children with life-threatening conditions and their parents\u2019 and siblings\u2019 mental and physical health","volume":"4","author":"Feudtner","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA Network Open"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0165","first-page":"3519","article-title":"Experiences of parents who give pharmacological treatment to children with functional constipation at home","volume":"76","author":"Flankeg\u00e5rd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Nursing (John Wiley & Sons, Inc.)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2022.07.021","article-title":"Everyday life with childhood functional constipation: A qualitative phenomenological study of parents\u2019 experiences","volume":"67","author":"Flankeg\u00e5rd","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jped.2021.03.005","article-title":"Pediatric functional constipation questionnaire-parent report (PedFCQuest-PR): Development and validation","volume":"98","author":"Gamarra","year":"2022","journal-title":"Jornal de Pediatria"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2023.46.8.41130","article-title":"Relationship between psychological stress with functional constipation in children: A systematic review","volume":"46","author":"Gozali","year":"2023","journal-title":"The Pan African Medical Journal"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"676","DOI":"10.1177\/0013164407310127","article-title":"Internalizing and externalizing behavior problem scores: Cross-ethnic and longitudinal measurement invariance of the behavior problem index","volume":"68","author":"Guttmannova","year":"2008","journal-title":"Educational and Psychological Measurement"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0190","first-page":"42","article-title":"Chronic constipation enhances urinary tract infection in children: Experiences in a tertiary care hospital outpatient department","volume":"18","author":"Halder","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatric Oncall Journal"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1366","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18683-8","article-title":"The relationship between oxidative balance scores and chronic diarrhea and constipation: A population-based study","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1089\/jpm.2015.0150","article-title":"Psychological well-being and family environment of siblings of children with life threatening illness","volume":"18","author":"Humphrey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Palliative Medicine"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1456","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2016.02.015","article-title":"Childhood functional gastrointestinal disorders: Child\/adolescent","volume":"150","author":"Hyams","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2007.01165.x","article-title":"Factors associated with childhood constipation","volume":"43","author":"Inan","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2274","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.14880","article-title":"The prevalence of functional constipation in children was unchanged after the Rome IV criteria halved the diagnosis period in Rome III","volume":"108","author":"J\u00e1tiva-Mari\u00f1o","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-018-1162-8","article-title":"Psychosocial risks for constipation and soiling in primary school children","volume":"28","author":"Joinson","year":"2019","journal-title":"European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/ijpbs.7127","article-title":"The relationship between functional constipation and emotional, social, physical, and educational functioning of children","volume":"11","author":"Karami","year":"2017","journal-title":"Iran J Psychiatry Behav Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181de0651","article-title":"Families\u2019 perspectives on the effect of constipation and fecal incontinence on quality of life","volume":"51","author":"Kaugars","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"01","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2331-7684","article-title":"Management of Refractory Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders: What role should psychiatrists have?","volume":"58","author":"Khosravi","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pharmacopsychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0245","first-page":"194","article-title":"Quality of life and psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with FC: A case-control study","volume":"21","author":"Kianifar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Govaresh"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1111\/ped.12282","article-title":"Clinical, psychological and maternal characteristics in early functional constipation","volume":"56","author":"Kilincaslan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pediatrics International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0255","first-page":"325","article-title":"Empirically derived patterns of pain, stooling, and incontinence and their relations to health-related quality of life among youth with chronic constipation","volume":"42","author":"Klages","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4565","article-title":"Mental health effects of education","volume":"31 Suppl 2(Suppl 2)","author":"Kondirolli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Economics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2016.05.023","article-title":"Surgical decision-making in the management of children with intractable functional constipation: What are we doing and are we doing it right?","volume":"51","author":"Koppen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Surgery"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2015.03.016","article-title":"A multicenter study on childhood constipation and fecal incontinence: Effects on quality of life","volume":"166","author":"Kovacic","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2458","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-008-0230-1","article-title":"Aggressiveness and hostility in the family environment and chronic constipation in children","volume":"53","author":"Lisboa","year":"2008","journal-title":"Digestive Diseases and Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.14231","article-title":"Association between childhood constipation and exposure to stressful life events: A systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Liyanarachchi","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterology & Motility"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"486","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2006.098335","article-title":"Prevalence rates for constipation and faecal and urinary incontinence","volume":"92","author":"Loening-Baucke","year":"2007","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2006.tb02286.x","article-title":"Epidemiological study of constipation and other gastrointestinal symptoms in 8000 children: Gastrointestinal symptoms in children","volume":"95","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Acta p\u00e6diatrica (Oslo)"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0300","first-page":"357","article-title":"Slow transit constipation and lower urinary tract dysfunction","volume":"11","author":"Machado","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12031","DOI":"10.14260\/jemds\/2015\/1735","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic constipation and its psychosocial impact on children aged between 4 to 14 years and their parents: A hospital based cross-sectional study","volume":"4","author":"Madhu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0310","first-page":"1","article-title":"The prevalence of sleep disorders among children with chronic functional constipation, a study in Arak","volume":"14","author":"Maleki","year":"2023","journal-title":"Iran. Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.12688\/hrbopenres.13713.1","article-title":"The psychosocial implication of childhood constipation on the children and family: A scoping review protocol. [version 1; peer review: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]","volume":"6","author":"McCague","year":"2023","journal-title":"HRB Open Res."},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2011.130","article-title":"Constipation in childhood","volume":"8","author":"Mugie","year":"2011","journal-title":"Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0325","first-page":"815","article-title":"Constipation in pediatric patients with lower urinary tract symptoms","volume":"25","author":"Muhammad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons\u2013Pakistan"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0330","author":"National Health Service"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0335","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0340","series-title":"2018 Exceptional Surveillance of Constipation in Children: Diagnosis and Management (NICE Guideline CG99)","author":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)","year":"2018"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7828576","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/7828576","article-title":"Chronic functional constipation and encopresis in children in relationship with the psychosocial environment","volume":"2016","author":"Olaru","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterology Research and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-018-0873-0","article-title":"Epidemiology of Paediatric constipation in Indonesia and its association with exposure to stressful life events","volume":"18","author":"Oswari","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.1017995","article-title":"The longitudinal effects of education on depression: Finding from the Indonesian national survey [original research]","volume":"10","author":"Patria","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo-2017-000100","article-title":"Parental characteristics and functional constipation in children: A cross-sectional cohort study","volume":"1","author":"Peeters","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMJ Paediatr Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-019-0683-8","article-title":"Brain-gut therapies for pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders and inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"21","author":"Person","year":"2019","journal-title":"Current Gastroenterology Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.11124\/JBIES-21-00242","article-title":"Best practice guidance and reporting items for the development of scoping review protocols","volume":"20","author":"Peters","year":"2022","journal-title":"JBI Evid Synth"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000882","article-title":"Stressful life events in children with functional defecation disorders","volume":"61","author":"Philips","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s13312-016-0845-9","article-title":"Approach to constipation in children","volume":"53","author":"Poddar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0564","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2214.2003.00319.x","article-title":"A 6\u2010year follow\u2010up study of chronic constipation and soiling in a specialist paediatric service","volume":"29","author":"Procter","year":"2003","journal-title":"Child: Care, Health and Development"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-020-00402-5","article-title":"The influence of education on health: An empirical assessment of OECD countries for the period 1995\u20132015","volume":"78","author":"Raghupathi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Archives of Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm.2011.17.1.35","article-title":"Constipation in children: Novel insight into epidemiology, pathophysiology and management","volume":"17","author":"Rajindrajith","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001006","article-title":"Fecal incontinence in adolescents is associated with child abuse, somatization, and poor health-related quality of life","volume":"62","author":"Rajindrajith","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"794","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000003056","article-title":"Functional fecal incontinence in children: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, evaluation, and management","volume":"72","author":"Rajindrajith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0410","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0239092","article-title":"Behavioral and emotional problems in adolescents with constipation and their association with quality of life","volume":"15","author":"Rajindrajith","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.05.012","article-title":"Quality of life and somatic symptoms in children with constipation: A school-based study","volume":"163","author":"Rajindrajith","year":"2013","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-310694","article-title":"Psychological maladjustment and quality of life in adolescents with constipation","volume":"102","author":"Ranasinghe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmedr.2016.07.001","article-title":"Educational gradients in five Asian immigrant populations: Do country of origin, duration and generational status moderate the education-health relationship?","volume":"4","author":"Ro","year":"2016","journal-title":"Preventive Medicine Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dr.2018.05.006","article-title":"The importance of understanding children\u2019s lived experience","volume":"50","author":"Rogoff","year":"2018","journal-title":"Developmental Review"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0435","author":"ROME Foundation"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0440","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2013.628","article-title":"Psychological distress in parents of children with advanced cancer","volume":"167","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.5812\/compreped.119997","article-title":"Anxiety disorders in children with functional constipation: A case-control study [research article]","volume":"13","author":"Saber Sangari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Compr Ped"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2016.00101","article-title":"Constipation and lower urinary tract dysfunction in children and adolescents: A population-based study","volume":"4","author":"Sampaio","year":"2016","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pediatrics"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0563","first-page":"5715","article-title":"The relationship between chronic constipation and urinary tract infection in children: A case-control clinical study","volume":"5","author":"Sarvari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Pediatr"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1093\/jpepsy\/27.8.699","article-title":"Siblings of children with a chronic illness: A Meta-analysis","volume":"27","author":"Sharpe","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tabbers, M. M., DiLorenzo, C., Berger, M. Y., Faure, C., Langendam, M. W., Nurko, S., Staiano, A., Vandenplas, Y., Benninga, M. A., North American Society for Pediatric, G., European Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, H., & Nutrition. (2014). Evaluation and treatment of functional constipation in infants and children: Evidence-based recommendations from ESPGHAN and NASPGHAN. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 58(2), 258\u2013274. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000266.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000266"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0470","article-title":"Assessment of behavioral disorders in Iranian children with functional constipation","volume":"15","author":"Taghi","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Compr Ped."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0475","author":"The Royal Children'\u2019s Hospital Melbourne"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1146","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.2021.1923059","article-title":"Association between abuse and neglect with functional constipation and irritable bowel syndrome in adolescents","volume":"56","author":"Thomaz de Almeida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/24851","article-title":"Understanding parents\u2019 experiences when caring for a child with functional constipation: Interpretive description study","volume":"4","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"JMIR Pediatr Parent"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1177\/0009922820964457","article-title":"Parents\u2019 experiences and information needs while caring for a child with functional constipation: A systematic review","volume":"60","author":"Thompson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinical Pediatrics (Phila)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2024.05.030","article-title":"Association between sleep disorders and constipation risk: A systematic review and Meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Tian","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Neuroscience"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.11.039","article-title":"Prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders in infants and toddlers","volume":"166","author":"van Tilburg","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Journal of Pediatrics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.5812\/compreped-132384","article-title":"The prevalence of social anxiety in children with chronic functional constipation","volume":"14","author":"Torabi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Comprehensive Pediatrics"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.7326\/M18-0850","article-title":"PRISMA extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR): Checklist and explanation","volume":"169","author":"Tricco","year":"2018","journal-title":"Annals of Internal Medicine"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"841","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311908","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors for functional constipation in adolescent Nigerians","volume":"102","author":"Udoh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Archives of Disease in Childhood"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-014-0781-x","article-title":"PedsQL\u2122 gastrointestinal symptoms scales and gastrointestinal worry scales in pediatric patients with functional and organic gastrointestinal diseases in comparison to healthy controls","volume":"24","author":"Varni","year":"2015","journal-title":"Quality of Life Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-019-1652-y","article-title":"Functional constipation in infancy and early childhood: Epidemiology, risk factors, and healthcare consultation","volume":"19","author":"Walter","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Pediatrics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0535","article-title":"Impact of functional constipation on health-related quality of life in preschool children and their families in Xi'an","volume":"8","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"China. PloS one"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.5409\/wjcp.v7.i1.56","article-title":"Pediatricians lack knowledge for the diagnosis and management of functional constipation in children over 6 mo of age","volume":"7","author":"Widodo","year":"2018","journal-title":"World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcma.2011.01.012","article-title":"Constipation in Taiwan elementary school students: A nationwide survey","volume":"74","author":"Wu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of the Chinese Medical Association"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20180016","article-title":"Psychological stress, family environment, and constipation in Japanese children: The Toyama birth cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Yamada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Epidemiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1080\/24694193.2016.1273976","article-title":"Health related quality of life and the quality of sleep in school aged children with functional constipation","volume":"40","author":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","year":"2017","journal-title":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007_bb0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mpg.0000167500.34236.6a","article-title":"Chronic childhood constipation is associated with impaired quality of life: A case-controlled study","volume":"41","author":"Youssef","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882596325001113?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882596325001113?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T08:31:24Z","timestamp":1774427484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0882596325001113"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":109,"alternative-id":["S0882596325001113"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-5963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-5963","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The psychosocial impact of childhood constipation on the children and family: A scoping review","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2025.04.007","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}