{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:50:28Z","timestamp":1792093828595,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-017"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-012"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-004"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002701","name":"Ministry of Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RS-2025-25426179"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RS-2025-25426179"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002701","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"NRF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022R1C1C1009609"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022R1C1C1009609"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","pediatricnursing.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Nursing"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T20:40:27Z","timestamp":1792010427000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Health, digital, and eHealth literacies among children experiencing extreme vulnerability in institutional care: A multicenter cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1016","author":[{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gill A.","family":"ten Hoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gahui","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wonik","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seolhyang","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soorack","family":"Ryu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siew Tiang","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjimei.2022.100079","article-title":"Industry 4.0 in healthcare: A systematic review","volume":"2","author":"Ahsan","year":"2022","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management Data Insights"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0010","first-page":"88","article-title":"The role of e-health literacy in preventive behaviors for COVID-19: A systematic review","volume":"6","author":"Ameri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Health Literacy"},{"issue":"9991","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)61131-4","article-title":"The science of early adversity: Is there a role for large institutions in the care of vulnerable children?","volume":"386","author":"Berens","year":"2015","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneb.2020.02.002","article-title":"How children search for health information online: An observational study","volume":"52","author":"Branscum","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.17645\/mac.v10i4.5663","article-title":"Digital rights, institutionalised youths, and contexts of inequalities","volume":"10","author":"Brites","year":"2022","journal-title":"Media and Communication"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"361","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-017-4267-y","article-title":"Health literacy in childhood and youth: A systematic review of definitions and models","volume":"17","author":"Br\u00f6der","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0266","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1080\/15398285.2024.2361604","article-title":"Adolescent eHealth Literacy","volume":"28","author":"Caldwell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Health on the Internet"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.7475\/kjan.2018.30.5.504","article-title":"Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the eHealth literacy scale in Korea","volume":"30","author":"Chang","year":"2018","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Adult Nursing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2020.103644","article-title":"COVID-19 pandemic, infodemic and the role of eHealth literacy","volume":"108","author":"Chong","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20552076221076927","article-title":"COVID-19 infodemic and digital health literacy in vulnerable populations: A scoping review","volume":"8","author":"Choukou","year":"2022","journal-title":"DIGITAL HEALTH"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8759","article-title":"The Korean eHealth literacy scale (K-eHEALS): Reliability and validity testing in younger adults recruited online","volume":"20","author":"Chung","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.3390\/children11111299","article-title":"Digital device usage and childhood cognitive development: Exploring effects on cognitive abilities","volume":"11","author":"Clemente-Su\u00e1rez","year":"2024","journal-title":"Children"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2656","article-title":"Children, adolescents, and the media","volume":"132","author":"Council on Communications and Media.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1080\/24694193.2022.2056263","article-title":"Factors affecting eHealth literacy of early adolescents: School-based research","volume":"45","author":"Da\u011fhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Comprehensive Child and Adolescent Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1707","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2006-1139","article-title":"Development and validation of the rapid estimate of adolescent literacy in medicine (REALM-teen): A tool to screen adolescents for below-grade reading in health care settings","volume":"118","author":"Davis","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"issue":"Suppl. 3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e34","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciac109","article-title":"Misinformation and disinformation: The potential disadvantages of social media in infectious disease and how to combat them","volume":"74","author":"Desai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clinical Infectious Diseases"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2011.10.005","article-title":"Internet skill-related problems in accessing online health information","volume":"81","author":"van Deursen","year":"2012","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2023.105124","article-title":"Sociodemographic determinants of digital health literacy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"177","author":"Estrela","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Medical Informatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2024.104958","article-title":"A child-centred research checklist to improve the design and reporting of paediatric research studies: A descriptive mixed methods study","volume":"162","author":"Foster","year":"2025","journal-title":"International Journal of Nursing Studies"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1720","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph17051720","article-title":"Exploring associated factors of subjective health literacy in school-aged children","volume":"17","author":"Fretian","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0100","series-title":"Digital literacy","author":"Gilster","year":"1997"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e31113","article-title":"The effects of parent-child separation on the digital literacy of children and adolescents: A bidirectional perspective study","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.susoc.2022.05.004","article-title":"Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review","volume":"3","author":"Haleem","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainable Operations and Computers"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijinfomgt.2020.102183","article-title":"Digital transformation of everyday life\u2013how COVID-19 pandemic transformed the basic education of the young generation and why information management research should care?","volume":"55","author":"Iivari","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Information Management"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(19)30399-2","article-title":"Institutionalisation and deinstitutionalisation of children 1: A systematic and integrative review of evidence regarding effects on development","volume":"7","author":"van IJzendoorn","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Psychiatry"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0125","first-page":"531","article-title":"A review of media health literacy in children and young people and its associated factors","volume":"43","author":"Jindarattanaporn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Kasetsart Journal of Social Sciences"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0130","series-title":"Vulnerable children in a digital world","author":"Katz","year":"2019"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.invent.2022.100500","article-title":"Digital health literacy as a super determinant of health: More than simply the sum of its parts","volume":"27","author":"van Kessel","year":"2022","journal-title":"Internet Interventions"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/37523","article-title":"The development and evaluation of an e-learning course that promotes digital health literacy in school-age children: Pre-post measurement study","volume":"24","author":"K\u00f6nig","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1002\/nop2.1316","article-title":"eHealth literacy and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of parents of children needing paediatric surgery in Sweden","volume":"10","author":"Kristj\u00e1nsd\u00f3ttir","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nursing Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0150","first-page":"57","article-title":"Comparison of two versions of KHLAT for improvement strategies","volume":"28","author":"Lee","year":"2011","journal-title":"Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1643","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15081643","article-title":"Media health literacy, eHealth literacy, and the role of the social environment in context","volume":"15","author":"Levin-Zamir","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/16281","article-title":"Internet-based health information\u2013seeking behavior of students aged 12 to 14 years: Mixed methods study","volume":"22","author":"Maitz","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/70112","article-title":"eHealth literacy 3.0: Updating the Norman and Skinner 2006 model","volume":"27","author":"Milanti","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8.4.e27","article-title":"eHEALS: The eHealth literacy scale","volume":"8","author":"Norman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/jmir.8.2.e9","article-title":"eHealth literacy: Essential skills for consumer health in a networked world","volume":"8","author":"Norman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/13.4.349","article-title":"Health promotion glossary","volume":"13","author":"Nutbeam","year":"1998","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1203510","article-title":"Socio-ecological drivers of vulnerabilities of children living within orphan homes and the implications for their nurturance care","volume":"11","author":"Onayemi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Public Health"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.4258\/hir.2019.25.3.221","article-title":"Factors influencing eHealth literacy of middle school students in Korea: A descriptive cross-sectional study","volume":"25","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Healthcare Informatics Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1177\/10598405241228448","article-title":"Implementation of a childcare-based obesity prevention program for vulnerable families during the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons for school nurses","volume":"41","author":"Park","year":"2025","journal-title":"The Journal of School Nursing"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/s41256-023-00297-z","article-title":"Screen time among school-aged children of aged 6\u201314: A systematic review","volume":"8","author":"Qi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Global Health Research and Policy"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-021-01274-4","article-title":"Disparities in health care and the digital divide","volume":"23","author":"Saeed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Current Psychiatry Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0220","series-title":"Digital kids Asia-Pacific: Insights into children\u2019s digital citizenship","author":"Shin","year":"2019"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-021-00413-8","article-title":"Digital inclusion as a social determinant of health","volume":"4","author":"Sieck","year":"2021","journal-title":"npj Digital Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2196\/69170","article-title":"Digital health literacy of children and adolescents and its association with sociodemographic factors: Representative study findings from Germany","volume":"27","author":"Stauch","year":"2025","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Internet Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2503","DOI":"10.1007\/s00787-022-02130-3","article-title":"Longitudinal associations between digital media use and ADHD symptoms in children and adolescents: A systematic literature review","volume":"33","author":"Thorell","year":"2024","journal-title":"European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/0145935X.2014.893744","article-title":"Health literacy in high-risk youth: A descriptive study of children in residential care","volume":"35","author":"Trout","year":"2014","journal-title":"Child & Youth Services"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/heapro\/daab174","article-title":"E-health literacy levels of high school students in Turkey: Results of a cross-sectional study","volume":"37","author":"T\u00fcmer","year":"2022","journal-title":"Health Promotion International"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-17955-7","article-title":"Health literacy in the context of child health promotion: A scoping review of conceptualizations and descriptions","volume":"24","author":"Van Boxtel","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/jpc.16297","article-title":"Impact of parental health literacy on the health outcomes of children with chronic disease globally: A systematic review","volume":"59","author":"Zaidman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"908","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18324-0","article-title":"Digital health literacy and associated factors among internet users from China: A cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040_bb0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.26633\/RPSP.2021.40","article-title":"Infodemics and infodemiology: A short history, a long future","volume":"45","author":"Zielinski","year":"2021","journal-title":"Revista Panamericana de Salud P\u00fablica"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882596326004914?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0882596326004914?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T19:31:48Z","timestamp":1792092708000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0882596326004914"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":52,"alternative-id":["S0882596326004914"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040","relation":{},"ISSN":["0882-5963"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0882-5963","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Health, digital, and eHealth literacies among children experiencing extreme vulnerability in institutional care: A multicenter cross-sectional study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedn.2026.09.040","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2026 Elsevier Inc. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}