{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T06:27:51Z","timestamp":1793773671473,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,1]],"date-time":"2024-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704067200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,13]],"date-time":"2023-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","pediatr-neonatol.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics & Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,17]],"date-time":"2023-07-17T20:49:39Z","timestamp":1689626979000},"page":"55-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Probiotic supplementation modifies the gut microbiota profile of very low birth weight preterm infants during hospitalization"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"65","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1295-8040","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hung-Yang","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chia-Ying","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jen-Shiu","family":"Chiang Chiau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jui-Hsing","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chyong-Hsin","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0871-5356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mary Hsin-Ju","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hung-Chang","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2017.01.005","article-title":"The microbiota of the extremely preterm infant","volume":"44","author":"Underwood","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Perinatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogn.2017.08.009","article-title":"Systematic review of the effect of enteral feeding on gut microbiota in preterm infants","volume":"47","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-018-1326-1","article-title":"Gut microbiota of preterm infants supplemented with probiotics: sub-study of the ProPrems trial","volume":"18","author":"Plummer","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21806","article-title":"Connection between gut microbiome and brain development in preterm infants","volume":"61","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651713","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2021.651713","article-title":"Impact of early empiric antibiotic regimens on the gut microbiota in very low birth weight preterm infants: an observational study","volume":"9","author":"Chang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0248-8","article-title":"Intestinal dysbiosis in preterm infants preceding necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"5","author":"Pammi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-017-0295-1","article-title":"Longitudinal development of the gut microbiome and metabolome in preterm neonates with late onset sepsis and healthy controls","volume":"5","author":"Stewart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Microbiome"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"739","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.21806","article-title":"Connection between gut microbiome and brain development in preterm infants","volume":"61","author":"Lu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Dev Psychobiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib9","article-title":"Multiple strains probiotics appear to be the most effective probiotics in the prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis and mortality: an updated meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Chang","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.3920\/BM2009.0012","article-title":"Probiotic lactic acid bacteria in the gastro-intestinal tract: health benefits, safety and mode of action","volume":"1","author":"Dicks","year":"2010","journal-title":"Benef Microbes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib11","first-page":"G941","article-title":"Probiotics inhibit enteropathogenic E. coli adherence in vitro by inducing intestinal mucin gene expression","volume":"276","author":"Mack","year":"1999","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"issue":"suppl_1","key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S49","DOI":"10.1093\/advances\/nmy063","article-title":"Mechanisms of action of probiotics","volume":"10","author":"Plaza-Diaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"838559","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2022.838559","article-title":"To probiotic or not to probiotic: a metagenomic Comparison of the discharge gut microbiome of infants supplemented with probiotics in NICU and those who are not","volume":"10","author":"Westaway","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3239","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14153239","article-title":"Effects of probiotics on gut microbiomes of extremely preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100077","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2020.100077","article-title":"Microbiota supplementation with Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus modifies the preterm infant gut microbiota and metabolome: an observational study","volume":"1","author":"Alcon-Giner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.3389\/fped.2018.00347","article-title":"Effects of probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome development in preterm infants","volume":"6","author":"Esaiassen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Pediatr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1159\/000442936","article-title":"Routine use of probiotics in preterm infants: longitudinal impact on the microbiome and metabolome","volume":"109","author":"Abdulkadir","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2017.05.019","article-title":"The microbiome of infants recruited to a randomised placebo-controlled probiotic trial (PiPS trial)","volume":"20","author":"Millar","year":"2017","journal-title":"EBioMedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100206","DOI":"10.1016\/j.xcrm.2021.100206","article-title":"Effects of Lactobacillus reuteri supplementation on the gut microbiota in extremely preterm infants in a randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"2","author":"Mart\u00ed","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Rep Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9478630","article-title":"Probiotic species in the modulation of gut microbiota: an overview","volume":"2018","author":"Azad","year":"2018","journal-title":"BioMed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5158","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14235158","article-title":"Characteristics of gut microbiota in small for gestational age infants with very low birth weight","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14890","article-title":"Modulations of probiotics on gut microbiota in a 5-fluorouracil-induced mouse model of mucositis","volume":"35","author":"Yeung","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-022-01213-w","article-title":"Strain-specific impacts of probiotics are a significant driver of gut microbiome development in very preterm infants","volume":"7","author":"Beck","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"690","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chom.2015.04.004","article-title":"Dynamics and stabilization of the human gut microbiome during the first year of life","volume":"17","author":"B\u00e4ckhed","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell Host Microbe"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010192","article-title":"Probiotics for preventing necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm infants: a network meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Beghetti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"F159","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2017-313468","article-title":"Dose-interval study of a dual probiotic in preterm infants","volume":"104","author":"Watkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000000913","article-title":"Longitudinal survey of microbiota in hospitalized preterm very-low-birth-weight infants","volume":"62","author":"Patel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxx071","article-title":"Independent of birth mode or gestational age, very-low-birth-weight infants fed their mothers\u2019 milk rapidly develop personalized microbiotas low in Bifidobacterium","volume":"148","author":"Butcher","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmii.2020.03.029","article-title":"Lactobacillus rhamnosus sepsis associated with probiotic therapy in an extremely preterm infant: pathogenesis and a review for clinicians","volume":"54","author":"Chiang","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1256","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051256","article-title":"Hospital regimens including probiotics guide the individual development of the gut microbiome of very low birth weight infants in the first two weeks of life","volume":"12","author":"Kurath-Koller","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"574137","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.574137","article-title":"Persistence of suspected probiotic organisms in preterm infant gut microbiota weeks after probiotic supplementation in the NICU","volume":"11","author":"Yousuf","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.earlhumdev.2019.104854","article-title":"The role of the preterm intestinal microbiome in sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis","volume":"138","author":"Masi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Early Hum Dev"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"627","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-020-01350-0","article-title":"Early probiotic supplementation with B. infantis in breastfed infants leads to persistent colonization at 1 year","volume":"91","author":"O\u2019Brien","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610080","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2021.610080","article-title":"Colonization of supplemented Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in low birth weight infants and its effects on their gut microbiota weeks post-administration","volume":"12","author":"Horigome","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"001403","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.001403","article-title":"The effect of probiotic supplementation on the gut microbiota of preterm infants","volume":"70","author":"Plummer","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Med Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2020.12.013","article-title":"Recent advance in infant nutrition: Human milk oligosaccharides","volume":"62","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pediatr Neonatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2453","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-20827-x","article-title":"Intestinal microbiota development and gestational age in preterm neonates","volume":"8","author":"Korpela","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms9050915","article-title":"Lactobacillus reuteri colonisation of extremely preterm infants in a randomised placebo-controlled trial","volume":"9","author":"Spreckels","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics & Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875957223001250?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875957223001250?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T14:57:39Z","timestamp":1761749859000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1875957223001250"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]}},"alternative-id":["S1875957223001250"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-9572"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1875-9572","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Probiotic supplementation modifies the gut microbiota profile of very low birth weight preterm infants during hospitalization","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pediatrics & Neonatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2023.06.002","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2023 Taiwan Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}