{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T23:25:29Z","timestamp":1762212329518,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]],"date-time":"2025-04-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743552000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","pediatr-neonatol.com","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pediatrics & Neonatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,6]],"date-time":"2025-04-06T16:04:19Z","timestamp":1743955459000},"page":"554-560","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Assessing the causal association between age at menarche and genetic susceptibility to future gastroesophageal reflux disease risks: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Chung-Chih","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun-I","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9509-9298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia-Sheng","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shih-An","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7069-8510","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Miao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib1","article-title":"Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and associated risk factors in the eastern region, Saudi Aarabia","volume":"13","author":"Al Ghadeer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06750.x","article-title":"Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease in a general population in Taiwan","volume":"26","author":"Hung","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S296680","article-title":"Dietary and lifestyle factors related to gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ther Clin Risk Manag"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.14740\/wjon1254","article-title":"Esophageal cancer: an updated surveillance epidemiology and end results database analysis","volume":"11","author":"Then","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J Oncol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1055\/a-1833-9494","article-title":"The role of hormones in symptoms and pathophysiology of reflux and esophageal motility disorders","volume":"61","author":"Singhartinger","year":"2023","journal-title":"Z Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/371583","article-title":"Nongenetic determinants of age at menarche: a systematic review","volume":"2014","author":"Yermachenko","year":"2014","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmr050","article-title":"Genetics of age at menarche: a systematic review","volume":"18","author":"Dvornyk","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2020.111094","article-title":"Hypothalamo-Pituitary axis and puberty","volume":"520","author":"Spaziani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"322","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2010.04.002","article-title":"GnRH signaling, the gonadotrope and endocrine control of fertility","volume":"31","author":"Bliss","year":"2010","journal-title":"Front Neuroendocrinol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0327(02)00432-9","article-title":"Hormones and mood: from menarche to menopause and beyond","volume":"74","author":"Steiner","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Affect Disord"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2023.01.011","article-title":"Genetic prediction of age at menarche, age at natural menopause and type 2 diabetes: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"33","author":"Xing","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"942861","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.942861","article-title":"Age at menarche and ischemic heart disease: an update mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.290.1.66","article-title":"Obesity and estrogen as risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux symptoms","volume":"290","author":"Nilsson","year":"2003","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib14","article-title":"Two-sample multivariable mendelian randomization analysis using R","volume":"1","author":"Rasooly","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr Protoc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.12997\/jla.2019.8.2.67","article-title":"Mendelian randomization analysis in observational epidemiology","volume":"8","author":"Lee","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Lipid Atheroscler"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.1038\/ng.3841","article-title":"Genomic analyses identify hundreds of variants associated with age at menarche and support a role for puberty timing in cancer risk","volume":"49","author":"Day","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1053","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2020-323906","article-title":"Multitrait genetic association analysis identifies 50 new risk loci for gastro-oesophageal reflux, seven new loci for Barrett\u2019s oesophagus and provides insights into clinical heterogeneity in reflux diagnosis","volume":"71","author":"Ong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4219","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-11968-2","article-title":"Gastroesophageal reflux GWAS identifies risk loci that also associate with subsequent severe esophageal diseases","volume":"10","author":"An","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3526","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0446","article-title":"Age at menarche and type 2 diabetes risk: the EPIC-InterAct study","volume":"36","author":"Elks","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.23523","article-title":"Association between age at menarche and body mass index, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and waist to height ratio in adult women","volume":"33","author":"\u017burawiecka","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1007\/s10964-013-0075-6","article-title":"Age at menarche and adolescent alcohol use","volume":"43","author":"Verhoef","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Youth Adolesc"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-022-00842-z","article-title":"Adiposity, diabetes, lifestyle factors and risk of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a Mendelian randomization study","volume":"37","author":"Yuan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-018-0099-7","article-title":"Detection of widespread horizontal pleiotropy in causal relationships inferred from Mendelian randomization between complex traits and diseases","volume":"50","author":"Verbanck","year":"2018","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-017-0255-x","article-title":"Interpreting findings from Mendelian randomization using the MR-Egger method","volume":"32","author":"Burgess","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1002\/gepi.21965","article-title":"Consistent estimation in mendelian randomization with some invalid instruments using a weighted median estimator","volume":"40","author":"Bowden","year":"2016","journal-title":"Genet Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyab084","article-title":"The use of two-sample methods for Mendelian randomization analyses on single large datasets","volume":"50","author":"Minelli","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyy258","article-title":"Improving the accuracy of two-sample summary-data Mendelian randomization: moving beyond the NOME assumption","volume":"48","author":"Bowden","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib28","article-title":"Educational attainment and offspring birth weight: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.990682","article-title":"Estimating the causal effect of frailty index on vestibular disorders: a two-sample Mendelian randomization","volume":"16","author":"Xiao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Neurosci"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"549","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2022.01.058","article-title":"Effect of hormonal replacement therapy on gastroesophageal reflux disease and its complications in postmenopausal women","volume":"21","author":"Saleh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000030487","article-title":"Evidence-based treatment recommendations for gastroesophageal reflux disease during pregnancy: a review","volume":"101","author":"Altuwaijri","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib32","first-page":"143","article-title":"Treatment of heartburn and acid reflux associated with nausea and vomiting during pregnancy","volume":"56","author":"Law","year":"2010","journal-title":"Can Fam Physician"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1798","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.168.16.1798","article-title":"Postmenopausal hormone use and symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux","volume":"168","author":"Jacobson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib34","article-title":"Is estrogen a curse or a blessing in disguise? Role of estrogen in gastroesophageal reflux disease","volume":"12","author":"Kang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1080\/08964289.2022.2033158","article-title":"Earlier age at menarche is associated with body fat and negative body image in adult life","volume":"49","author":"Kanellakis","year":"2023","journal-title":"Behav Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1089\/lap.2018.0395","article-title":"Gastroesophageal reflux disease in obese patients","volume":"28","author":"Valezi","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2008.08.023","article-title":"Interactive roles of pubertal timing and peer relations in predicting social anxiety symptoms among youth","volume":"44","author":"Blumenthal","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1186\/s12905-018-0677-y","article-title":"Age at menarche and prevention of hypertension through lifestyle in young Chinese adult women: result from project ELEFANT","volume":"18","author":"Guo","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Womens Health"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3797","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9123797","article-title":"Adolescent sport participation and age at menarche in relation to midlife body composition, bone mineral density, fitness, and physical activity","volume":"9","author":"Ravi","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-80496-7","article-title":"Early age at menarche and metabolic cardiovascular risk factors: mediation by body composition in adulthood","volume":"11","author":"Bubach","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3085","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i10.3085","article-title":"Association between diabetes mellitus and gastroesophageal reflux disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib42","article-title":"The prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease ready for antireflux surgery","volume":"101","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2133","DOI":"10.14309\/ajg.0000000000002411","article-title":"Association between anxiety\/depression and gastroesophageal reflux: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"118","author":"Zamani","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2022.918584","article-title":"Causal effect of age at menarche on the risk for depression: results from a two-sample multivariable mendelian randomization study","volume":"13","author":"Hirtz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-023-01124-6","article-title":"Genome-wide association study of age at menarche in the Taiwan Biobank suggests NOL4 as a novel associated gene","volume":"68","author":"Tsai","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-024-01798-4","article-title":"Understanding the genetic complexity of puberty timing across the allele frequency spectrum","volume":"56","author":"Kentistou","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Genet"}],"container-title":["Pediatrics & Neonatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875957225000610?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1875957225000610?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T23:20:30Z","timestamp":1762212030000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1875957225000610"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["S1875957225000610"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","relation":{},"ISSN":["1875-9572"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1875-9572"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Assessing the causal association between age at menarche and genetic susceptibility to future gastroesophageal reflux disease risks: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Pediatrics & Neonatology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.pedneo.2024.10.012","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2025 Taiwan Pediatric Association. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}