{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T08:27:34Z","timestamp":1772094454615,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Peptides"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,10]],"date-time":"2020-07-10T11:27:43Z","timestamp":1594380463000},"page":"170371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"special_numbering":"C","title":["High fat diet induced obesity alters endocannabinoid and ghrelin mediated regulation of components of the endocannabinoid system in nodose ganglia"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"131","author":[{"given":"Stewart","family":"Christie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"O\u2019Rielly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary A.","family":"Wittert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7086-5865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda J.","family":"Page","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI30227","article-title":"Gastrointestinal regulation of food intake","volume":"117","author":"Cummings","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Invest."},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0010","first-page":"907","article-title":"An in vitro study of the properties of vagal afferent fibres innervating the ferret oesophagus and stomach","volume":"512","author":"Page","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12973","article-title":"Plasticity of gastrointestinal vagal afferent satiety signals","volume":"29","author":"Page","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2796.2005.01553.x","article-title":"Brain regulation of food intake and appetite: molecules and networks","volume":"258","author":"Broberger","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2007.08.024","article-title":"The vagus nerve, food intake and obesity","volume":"149","author":"Berthoud","year":"2008","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0030","first-page":"1921","article-title":"Gastric vagal afferent modulation by leptin is influenced by food intake status","volume":"591","author":"Kentish","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1376","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00536.2006","article-title":"Ghrelin selectively reduces mechanosensitivity of upper gastrointestinal vagal afferents","volume":"292","author":"Page","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"6762","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"656","DOI":"10.1038\/45230","article-title":"Ghrelin is a growth-hormone-releasing acylated peptide from stomach","volume":"402","author":"Kojima","year":"1999","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0045","article-title":"Biphasic effects of methanandamide on murine gastric vagal afferent mechanosensitivity","author":"Christie","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0050","article-title":"Modulatory effect of methanandamide on gastric vagal afferent satiety signals depends on nutritional status","author":"Christie","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80339","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080339","article-title":"The gastric CB1 receptor modulates ghrelin production through the mTOR pathway to regulate food intake","volume":"8","author":"Senin","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"636","DOI":"10.1038\/ijo.2013.138","article-title":"Altered gastric vagal mechanosensitivity in diet-induced obesity persists on return to normal chow and is accompanied by increased food intake","volume":"38","author":"Kentish","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. (Lond)"},{"issue":"4-5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-9384(88)90333-2","article-title":"Gastric distension and gastric capacity in relation to food intake in humans","volume":"44","author":"Geliebter","year":"1988","journal-title":"Physiol. Behav."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0070","first-page":"209","article-title":"Diet-induced adaptation of vagal afferent function","volume":"590","author":"Kentish","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0135892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135892","article-title":"TRPV1 Channels and Gastric Vagal Afferent Signalling in Lean and High Fat Diet Induced Obese Mice","volume":"10","author":"Kentish","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00908.x","article-title":"A novel peripherally restricted cannabinoid receptor antagonist, AM6545, reduces food intake and body weight, but does not cause malaise, in rodents","volume":"161","author":"Cluny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2009.07.011","article-title":"The effect of leptin receptor deficiency and fasting on cannabinoid receptor 1 mRNA expression in the rat hypothalamus, brainstem and nodose ganglion","volume":"463","author":"Jelsing","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurosci. Lett."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E898","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.90796.2008","article-title":"Increased expression of receptors for orexigenic factors in nodose ganglion of diet-induced obese rats","volume":"296","author":"Paulino","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0707682","article-title":"The role of endocannabinoids in the regulation of gastric emptying: alterations in mice fed a high-fat diet","volume":"153","author":"Di Marzo","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.2174\/1389557511313040007","article-title":"Ghrelin in obesity, physiological and pharmacological considerations","volume":"13","author":"Alvarez-Castro","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mini Rev. Med. Chem."},{"issue":"2-3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1054\/plef.2001.0358","article-title":"The fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH)","volume":"66","author":"Deutsch","year":"2002","journal-title":"Prostaglandins Leukot. Essent. Fatty Acids"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2013.06.004","article-title":"A chronic high fat diet alters the homologous and heterologous control of appetite regulating peptide receptor expression","volume":"46","author":"Kentish","year":"2013","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-500X.72351","article-title":"Improving bioscience research reporting: the ARRIVE guidelines for reporting animal research","volume":"1","author":"Kilkenny","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Pharmacol. Pharmacother."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0120","first-page":"71","article-title":"An improvement of the 2^(-delta delta CT) method for quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction data analysis","volume":"3","author":"Rao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Biostat. Bioinforma. Biomath."},{"issue":"33","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29166","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M110.217463","article-title":"Intracellular cannabinoid type 1 (CB1) receptors are activated by anandamide","volume":"286","author":"Brailoiu","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0974","article-title":"Desensitization and endocytosis mechanisms of ghrelin-activated growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a","volume":"145","author":"Camina","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0135","first-page":"161","article-title":"Intracellular aggregated TRPV1 is associated with lower survival in breast cancer patients","volume":"10","author":"Lozano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Dove Med. Press (Dove Med Press)"},{"issue":"22","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5088","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0052-18.2018","article-title":"Time-Restricted Feeding Prevents Ablation of Diurnal Rhythms in Gastric Vagal Afferent Mechanosensitivity Observed in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice","volume":"38","author":"Kentish","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"S2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13700_47","article-title":"Ghrelun attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury independently of vagus nerve circuit","volume":"24","author":"Tsubouchi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00210-001-0498-6","article-title":"Anandamide and methanandamide induce both vanilloid VR1- and cannabinoid CB1 receptor-mediated changes in heart rate and blood pressure in anaesthetized rats","volume":"364","author":"Malinowska","year":"2001","journal-title":"Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3426","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2012-1065","article-title":"Ghrelin prevents incidence of malignant arrhythmia after acute myocardial infarction through vagal afferent nerves","volume":"153","author":"Mao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0706339","article-title":"Effect of olvanil and anandamide on vagal C-fiber subtypes in guinea pig lung","volume":"146","author":"Lee","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.91229.2008","article-title":"Sensitization of capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal afferents by anandamide in rats: role of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 receptors","volume":"106","author":"Lin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol (1985)"},{"issue":"Pt 3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0170","first-page":"923","article-title":"Cannabinoids suppress synaptic input to neurones of the rat dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve","volume":"559","author":"Derbenev","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Physiol. (Paris)"},{"issue":"8","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e44089","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044089","article-title":"Hindbrain ghrelin receptor signaling is sufficient to maintain fasting glucose","volume":"7","author":"Scott","year":"2012","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semcdb.2015.12.015","article-title":"Feedback regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling by GRKs and arrestins","volume":"50","author":"Black","year":"2016","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"issue":"1-3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.regpep.2004.03.018","article-title":"Effects of high-fat feeding and fasting on ghrelin expression in the mouse stomach","volume":"120","author":"Moesgaard","year":"2004","journal-title":"Regul. Pept."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2708","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5404-03.2004","article-title":"Expression of cannabinoid CB1 receptors by vagal afferent neurons is inhibited by cholecystokinin","volume":"24","author":"Burdyga","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G1289","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00543.2005","article-title":"Ghrelin receptors in rat and human nodose ganglia: putative role in regulating CB-1 and MCH receptor abundance","volume":"290","author":"Burdyga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G63","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00059.2010","article-title":"Expression of cannabinoid CB1 receptors by vagal afferent neurons: kinetics and role in influencing neurochemical phenotype","volume":"299","author":"Burdyga","year":"2010","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2012.11.007","article-title":"Ghrelin and cannabinoids require the ghrelin receptor to affect cellular energy metabolism","volume":"365","author":"Lim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0705968","article-title":"The cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist SR141716 blocks the orexigenic effects of intrahypothalamic ghrelin","volume":"143","author":"Tucci","year":"2004","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2015.09.010","article-title":"Obesity impairs the action of the neuroendocrine ghrelin system","volume":"27","author":"Zigman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol. Metab."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2009.12.005","article-title":"Cannabinoids and the gut: new developments and emerging concepts","volume":"126","author":"Izzo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1159\/000480478","article-title":"Antinociceptive Effect of Ghrelin in a Rat Model of Irritable Bowel Syndrome Involves TRPV1\/Opioid Systems","volume":"43","author":"Mao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell. Physiol. Biochem."},{"issue":"11","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1716","DOI":"10.1177\/0333102417748563","article-title":"Ghrelin attenuated hyperalgesia induced by chronic nitroglycerin: CGRP and TRPV1 as targets for migraine management","volume":"38","author":"Farajdokht","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703050","article-title":"The endogenous lipid anandamide is a full agonist at the human vanilloid receptor (hVR1)","volume":"129","author":"Smart","year":"2000","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"L111","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00231.2011","article-title":"Contributions of TRPV1, endovanilloids, and endoplasmic reticulum stress in lung cell death in vitro and lung injury","volume":"302","author":"Thomas","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-13-43","article-title":"The effects of obesity, diabetes and metabolic syndrome on the hydrolytic enzymes of the endocannabinoid system in animal and human adipocytes","volume":"13","author":"Cable","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lipids Health Dis."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2838","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.54.10.2838","article-title":"Activation of the peripheral endocannabinoid system in human obesity","volume":"54","author":"Engeli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Diabetes"}],"container-title":["Peptides"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978120301200?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978120301200?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T09:26:48Z","timestamp":1759310808000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196978120301200"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0196978120301200"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-9781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-9781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"High fat diet induced obesity alters endocannabinoid and ghrelin mediated regulation of components of the endocannabinoid system in nodose ganglia","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Peptides","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2020.170371","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"170371"}}