{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T00:24:15Z","timestamp":1768523055054,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":131,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,8]],"date-time":"2021-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612742400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004012","name":"Jane and Aatos Erkko Fundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004012","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002341","name":"Academy of Finland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002341","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Peptides"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,9]],"date-time":"2021-02-09T15:32:45Z","timestamp":1612884765000},"page":"170507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"special_numbering":"C","title":["The hypoxia response and nutritional peptides"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"138","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Kietzmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ville H.","family":"M\u00e4kel\u00e4","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-012-0366-9","article-title":"Disturbed eating at high altitude: influence of food preferences, acute mountain sickness and satiation hormones","volume":"52","author":"Aeberli","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"G210","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00047.2010","article-title":"Mammalian target of rapamycin mediates the angiogenic effects of leptin in human hepatic stellate cells","volume":"301","author":"Aleffi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molbrainres.2004.03.012","article-title":"Down-regulated expression of agouti-related protein (AGRP) mRNA in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus of hyperphagic and obese tub\/tub mice","volume":"125","author":"Backberg","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain Res. Mol. Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2131","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.03.054","article-title":"Biology of Incretins: GLP-1 and GIP","volume":"132","author":"Baggio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.2001.90.1.105","article-title":"Physical exercise and normobaric hypoxia: independent modulators of peripheral cholecystokinin metabolism in man","volume":"90","author":"Bailey","year":"2001","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1089\/152702900320649","article-title":"Elevated plasma cholecystokinin at high altitude: metabolic implications for the anorexia of acute mountain sickness","volume":"1","author":"Bailey","year":"2000","journal-title":"High Alt. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2015.02.019","article-title":"Appetite and gut hormone responses to moderate-intensity continuous exercise versus high-intensity interval exercise, in normoxic and hypoxic conditions","volume":"89","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pharmtox.44.101802.121410","article-title":"CRF and CRF receptors: role in stress responsivity and other behaviors","volume":"44","author":"Bale","year":"2004","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"958","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.4.958","article-title":"Intraislet hyperinsulinemia prevents the glucagon response to hypoglycemia despite an intact autonomic response","volume":"51","author":"Banarer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E1078","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00449.2005","article-title":"Endocrine responses to acute and chronic high-altitude exposure (4,300 meters): modulating effects of caloric restriction","volume":"290","author":"Barnholt","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2003.tb03176.x","article-title":"The gut hormone peptide YY regulates appetite","volume":"994","author":"Batterham","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0355","article-title":"Endocrine and metabolic responses to extreme altitude and physical exercise in climbers","volume":"157","author":"Benso","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-012-0925-4","article-title":"Different susceptibility of rat pancreatic alpha and beta cells to hypoxia","volume":"137","author":"Bloch","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0070","first-page":"3419","article-title":"Effect of fasting on serum leptin in normal human subjects","volume":"81","author":"Boden","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0075","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2019_414","article-title":"Body composition and endocrine adaptations to high-altitude trekking in the Himalayas","volume":"1211","author":"Bosco","year":"2019","journal-title":"Adv. Exp. Med. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-0689","article-title":"Urocortin-II and urocortin-III are cardioprotective against ischemia reperfusion injury: an essential endogenous cardioprotective role for corticotropin releasing factor receptor type 2 in the murine heart","volume":"145","author":"Brar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8508","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.275.12.8508","article-title":"Urocortin protects against ischemic and reperfusion injury via a MAPK-dependent pathway","volume":"275","author":"Brar","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20090311","article-title":"The human urocortin 2 gene is regulated by hypoxia: identification of a hypoxia-responsive element in the 3\u2019-flanking region","volume":"424","author":"B\u00fchler","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2016.03.027","article-title":"Leptin contributes to long-term stabilization of HIF-1\u03b1 in cancer cells subjected to oxygen limiting conditions","volume":"376","author":"Calgani","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0100","first-page":"125","article-title":"Deletion of the von Hippel-Lindau gene in pancreatic beta cells impairs glucose homeostasis in mice","volume":"119","author":"Cantley","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.3727\/096368912X658728","article-title":"A preexistent hypoxic gene signature predicts impaired islet graft function and glucose homeostasis","volume":"22","author":"Cantley","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-02838-2","article-title":"GLP-1 receptor signalling promotes beta-cell glucose metabolism via mTOR-dependent HIF-1alpha activation","volume":"7","author":"Carlessi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1187","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2006.1856","article-title":"Gastrointestinal hormones regulating appetite","volume":"361","author":"Chaudhri","year":"2006","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E414","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00418.2014","article-title":"Increased GIP signaling induces adipose inflammation via a HIF-1alpha-dependent pathway and impairs insulin sensitivity in mice","volume":"308","author":"Chen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2006-1224","article-title":"Effects of hypoxia on glucose, insulin, glucagon, and modulation by corticotropin-releasing factor receptor type 1 in the rat","volume":"148","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI35846","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha regulates beta cell function in mouse and human islets","volume":"120","author":"Cheng","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2019.146329","article-title":"Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1\u03b1 in regulating oxidative stress and hypothalamic neuropeptides-mediated appetite control","volume":"1721","author":"Chu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"292","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199602013340503","article-title":"Serum immunoreactive-leptin concentrations in normal-weight and obese humans","volume":"334","author":"Considine","year":"1996","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0098874","article-title":"Exercise training during normobaric hypoxic confinement does not alter hormonal appetite regulation","volume":"9","author":"Debevec","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2016.07.005","article-title":"Effects of prolonged hypoxia and bed rest on appetite and appetite-related hormones","volume":"107","author":"Debevec","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1007\/s40265-019-01077-1","article-title":"Roxadustat: first global approval","volume":"79","author":"Dhillon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.01.004","article-title":"The biology of incretin hormones","volume":"3","author":"Drucker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(90)90012-D","article-title":"Physiological and behavioral responses to corticotropin-releasing factor administration: is CRF a mediator of anxiety or stress responses?","volume":"15","author":"Dunn","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2009.02.009","article-title":"Gestational hypoxia alone or combined with restraint sensitizes the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and induces anxiety-like behavior in adult male rat offspring","volume":"159","author":"Fan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0175","first-page":"10431","article-title":"Insulin and glucagon stimulation of amino acid transport in isolated rat hepatocytes","volume":"254","author":"Fehlmann","year":"1979","journal-title":"Synth High Affin. Comp. Transp."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1959","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2011.01512.x","article-title":"Systemic urocortin 2, but not urocortin 1 or stressin 1-A, suppresses feeding via CRF2 receptors without malaise and stress","volume":"164","author":"Fekete","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yfrne.2006.09.002","article-title":"Physiology, pharmacology, and therapeutic relevance of urocortins in mammals: ancient CRF paralogs","volume":"28","author":"Fekete","year":"2007","journal-title":"Front. Neuroendocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2836","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2466","article-title":"A new missense mutation in the leptin gene causes mild obesity and hypogonadism without affecting T cell responsiveness","volume":"95","author":"Fischer-Posovszky","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-08-375014","article-title":"GSK-3beta regulates cell growth, migration, and angiogenesis via Fbw7 and USP28-dependent degradation of HIF-1alpha","volume":"119","author":"Flugel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3253","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.00015-07","article-title":"Glycogen synthase kinase 3 phosphorylates hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha and mediates its destabilization in a VHL-independent manner","volume":"27","author":"Flugel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1273767","article-title":"Hypoxia induces apelin expression in human adipocytes","volume":"43","author":"Geiger","year":"2011","journal-title":"Horm. Metab. Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1759","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-015-3618-4","article-title":"GIP increases adipose tissue expression and blood levels of MCP-1 in humans and links high energy diets to inflammation: a randomised trial","volume":"58","author":"Gogebakan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cellsig.2010.05.003","article-title":"Leptin upregulates VEGF in breast cancer via canonic and non-canonical signalling pathways and NFkappaB\/HIF-1alpha activation","volume":"22","author":"Gonzalez-Perez","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cell. Signal."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42953","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M206775200","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 transactivates the human leptin gene promoter","volume":"277","author":"Grosfeld","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20081353","article-title":"Cytoplasmic polyadenylation-element-binding protein (CPEB)1 and 2 bind to the HIF-1alpha mRNA 3\u2019-UTR and modulate HIF-1alpha protein expression","volume":"417","author":"Hagele","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1677\/joe.0.1550215","article-title":"Leptin and its receptor","volume":"155","author":"Halaas","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.2337\/db14-0500","article-title":"Inactivation of corticotropin-releasing hormone-induced insulinotropic role by high-altitude hypoxia","volume":"64","author":"Hao","year":"2015","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2008.12.008","article-title":"Effect of diet-induced weight loss on plasma apelin and cytokine levels in individuals with the metabolic syndrome","volume":"19","author":"Heinonen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81865-6","article-title":"Targeted disruption of the melanocortin-4 receptor results in obesity in mice","volume":"88","author":"Huszar","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719110373147","article-title":"Hypoxia and preeclampsia: increased expression of urocortin 2 and urocortin 3","volume":"17","author":"Imperatore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719110373147","article-title":"Hypoxia and preeclampsia: increased expression of urocortin 2 and urocortin 3","volume":"17","author":"Imperatore","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"772","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molcel.2017.06.002","article-title":"The EGLN-HIF O2-Sensing System: Multiple Inputs and Feedbacks","volume":"66","author":"Ivan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol.Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chembiol.2006.10.006","article-title":"Structural and molecular evolutionary analysis of Agouti and Agouti-related proteins","volume":"13","author":"Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chem. Biol."},{"issue":"316","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.12386","article-title":"Pathways for oxygen regulation and homeostasis: The 2016 Albert Lasker basic medical research award","author":"Kaelin","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2362.2010.02324.x","article-title":"Do changes in gastro-intestinal blood flow explain high-altitude anorexia?","volume":"40","author":"Kalson","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1111\/obr.12034","article-title":"Hypoxia, energy balance and obesity: from pathophysiological mechanisms to new treatment strategies","volume":"14","author":"Kayser","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes. Rev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0285","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.01.012","article-title":"Metabolic zonation of the liver: the oxygen gradient revisited","volume":"11","author":"Kietzmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1997.75","article-title":"Diminution of the O2 responsiveness of the glucagon-dependent activation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene in rat hepatocytes by long-term culture at venous PO2","volume":"51","author":"Kietzmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0295","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1042\/bj3540531","article-title":"Perivenous expression of the mRNA of the three hypoxia-inducible factor alpha-subunits, HIF1alpha, HIF2alpha and HIF3alpha, in rat liver","volume":"354","author":"Kietzmann","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0300","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(92)81113-Z","article-title":"Modulation of the glucagon-dependent activation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene by oxygen in rat hepatocyte cultures. Evidence for a heme protein as oxygen sensor","volume":"311","author":"Kietzmann","year":"1992","journal-title":"FEBS Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"792","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.2115","article-title":"A ferro-heme protein senses oxygen levels, which modulate the glucagon-dependent activation of the phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene in rat hepatocyte cultures","volume":"195","author":"Kietzmann","year":"1993","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b14-00612","article-title":"Hypoxia decreases glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from the GLUTag cell line","volume":"38","author":"Kihira","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biol. Pharm. Bull."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093856","article-title":"Deletion of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha in adipocytes enhances glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and reduces adipose tissue inflammation","volume":"9","author":"Kihira","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/34.2.154","article-title":"C-terminal octapeptide of cholecystokinin decreases food intake in man","volume":"34","author":"Kissileff","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1021","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2018.10.004","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-Hydroxylases and metabolism","volume":"24","author":"Koivunen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Mol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1159\/000057464","article-title":"Effects of neuropeptide Y on appetite","volume":"25","author":"Kokot","year":"1999","journal-title":"Miner. Electrolyte Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2019.101145","article-title":"Systemic inactivation of hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 in mice protects from alcohol-induced fatty liver disease","volume":"22","author":"Laitakari","year":"2019","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1016\/S1357-2725(02)00011-0","article-title":"Urocortin","volume":"34","author":"Latchman","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.3727\/215517916X692843","article-title":"Aggregation of engineered human beta-cells into pseudoislets: insulin secretion and gene expression profile in Normoxic and hypoxic milieu","volume":"8","author":"Lecomte","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2014.05.012","article-title":"Increased adipocyte O2 consumption triggers HIF-1alpha, causing inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity","volume":"157","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0355","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1152\/physiolgenomics.00293.2005","article-title":"Altered metabolic responses to intermittent hypoxia in mice with partial deficiency of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha","volume":"25","author":"Li","year":"2006","journal-title":"Physiol. Genom."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1038\/oby.2009.509","article-title":"Hypobaric hypoxia causes body weight reduction in obese subjects","volume":"18","author":"Lippl","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800394","article-title":"Relationship between circulating leptin and peripheral fat distribution in obese subjects","volume":"21","author":"Lonnqvist","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S434","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.51.2007.S434","article-title":"The multiple actions of GLP-1 on the process of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion","volume":"51","author":"MacDonald","year":"2002","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2007.05691.x","article-title":"Mitochondrial mechanism of neuroprotection by CART","volume":"26","author":"Mao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0380","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2017.02.041","article-title":"The effect of moderate versus severe simulated altitude on appetite, gut hormones, energy intake and substrate oxidation in men","volume":"113","author":"Matu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0385","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2018.01.015","article-title":"The effects of hypoxia on hunger perceptions, appetite-related hormone concentrations and energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"125","author":"Matu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0390","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2004-0782","article-title":"Differential regulation of leptin synthesis in rats during short-term hypoxia and short-term carbon monoxide inhalation","volume":"146","author":"Meissner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00202","article-title":"The effect of normobaric hypoxic confinement on metabolism, gut hormones, and body composition","volume":"7","author":"Mekjavic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0400","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trecan.2019.08.005","article-title":"DUBs, hypoxia, and Cancer","volume":"5","author":"Mennerich","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trends Cancer"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0405","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4276","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2007-0390","volume":"148","author":"Menyhert","year":"2007","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0410","first-page":"R46","article-title":"Blockade of type A, not type B, CCK receptors attenuates satiety actions of exogenous and endogenous CCK","volume":"262","author":"Moran","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0415","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2015-0311","article-title":"Ghrelin, GLP-1, and leptin responses during exposure to moderate hypoxia","volume":"41","author":"Morishima","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0420","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1111\/cpf.12069","article-title":"Whole body, regional fat accumulation, and appetite-related hormonal response after hypoxic training","volume":"34","author":"Morishima","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0425","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1007\/s11325-007-0149-3","article-title":"Low intense physical exercise in normobaric hypoxia leads to more weight loss in obese people than low intense physical exercise in normobaric sham hypoxia","volume":"12","author":"Netzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sleep Breath."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0430","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076-6879(04)81031-0","article-title":"Oxygen-dependent asparagine hydroxylation","volume":"381","author":"Peet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Methods Enzymol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00022.2015","article-title":"Oxygen sensing and homeostasis","volume":"30","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Physiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0440","series-title":"Physiology, Gastrin, StatPearls","author":"Prosapio","year":"2020"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0445","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072213","article-title":"Elimination of von Hippel-Lindau function perturbs pancreas endocrine homeostasis in mice","volume":"8","author":"Puri","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.10.022","article-title":"Impact of oxygen availability on body weight management","volume":"74","author":"Quintero","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med. Hypotheses"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2016.01.004","article-title":"HIF2alpha is an essential molecular brake for postprandial hepatic glucagon response independent of insulin signaling","volume":"23","author":"Ramakrishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"615","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2018.00615","article-title":"Adiponectin, leptin and Visfatin in hypoxia and its effect for weight loss in obesity","volume":"9","author":"Rausch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2014.08.001","article-title":"Hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1\u03b1 directly activates leptin receptor (Ob-R) in pancreatic cancer cells","volume":"354","author":"Ren","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Lett."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0470","first-page":"7","article-title":"Influence of acute exposure to high altitude on basal and postprandial plasma levels of gastroenteropancreatic","author":"Riepl","year":"2012","journal-title":"Peptides"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0475","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2020.101039","article-title":"Inhibition of prolyl hydroxylases increases hepatic insulin and decreases glucagon sensitivity by an HIF-2alpha-dependent mechanism","volume":"41","author":"Riopel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Mol. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0480","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(79)90215-4","article-title":"The role of glucagon in the regulation of plasma lipids","volume":"28","author":"Schade","year":"1979","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0485","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-015-0658-y","article-title":"Hypothalamic-autonomic control of energy homeostasis","volume":"50","author":"Seoane-Collazo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0490","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2014.07.043","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide increases mitochondrial respiratory chain complex II activity and protects against oxygen-glucose deprivation in neurons","volume":"1582","author":"Sha","year":"2014","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2017.05.031","article-title":"The integration of multiple signaling pathways provides for bidirectional control of CRHR1 gene transcription in rat pituitary cell during hypoxia","volume":"454","author":"Shi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. Cell. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0500","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800437","article-title":"Serum leptin concentration is associated with total body fat mass, but not abdominal fat distribution","volume":"21","author":"Shimizu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int. J. Obes. Relat. Metab. Disord."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0505","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biocel.2017.12.012","article-title":"Up-regulation of POMC and CART mRNAs by intermittent hypoxia via GATA transcription factors in human neuronal cells","volume":"95","author":"Shobatake","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0510","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1080\/10284150500132823","article-title":"Ghrelin and leptin levels of sojourners and acclimatized lowlanders at high altitude","volume":"8","author":"Shukla","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nutr. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1139\/H08-079","article-title":"Overnight hypoxic exposure and glucagon-like peptide-1 and leptin levels in humans","volume":"33","author":"Snyder","year":"2008","journal-title":"Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0520","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(00)03312-6","article-title":"Actions of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) peptide on regulation of appetite and hypothalamo-pituitary axes in vitro and in vivo in male rats","volume":"893","author":"Stanley","year":"2001","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0525","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2014.00052","article-title":"CRF and urocortin peptides as modulators of energy balance and feeding behavior during stress","volume":"8","author":"Stengel","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Neurosci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0530","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1258\/ebm.2010.009347","article-title":"Corticotropin-releasing factor signaling and visceral response to stress","volume":"235","author":"Stengel","year":"2010","journal-title":"Exp. Biol. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0535","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.3727\/096368912X647180","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) potentiates beta-cell survival after islet transplantation of human and mouse islets","volume":"22","author":"Stokes","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Transpl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0540","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1055","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2040","article-title":"Minireview: the role of the autonomic nervous system in mediating the glucagon response to hypoglycemia","volume":"153","author":"Taborsky","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0545","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gene.2019.04.029","article-title":"Gastrin promotes angiogenesis by activating HIF-1\u03b1\/\u03b2-catenin\/VEGF signaling in gastric cancer","volume":"704","author":"Tang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gene"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0550","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4298","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/19.16.4298","article-title":"Mechanism of regulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha by the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein","volume":"19","author":"Tanimoto","year":"2000","journal-title":"EMBO J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2487","DOI":"10.18632\/oncotarget.1604","article-title":"Hypoxia shifts activity of neuropeptide Y in Ewing sarcoma from growth-inhibitory to growth-promoting effects","volume":"4","author":"Tilan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oncotarget"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0560","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27975","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M204152200","article-title":"Insulin stimulates hypoxia-inducible factor 1 through a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase\/target of rapamycin-dependent signaling pathway","volume":"277","author":"Treins","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"issue":"601","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0565","first-page":"e1","article-title":"Differential gene expression of somatotrophic and growth factors in response to in vivo hypoxia in human placenta","volume":"197","author":"Trollmann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0570","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1119","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)79760-9","article-title":"Raised leptin concentrations at high altitude associated with loss of appetite","volume":"352","author":"Tsch\u00f6p","year":"1998","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0575","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16876","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1114228108","article-title":"mTOR links incretin signaling to HIF induction in pancreatic beta cells","volume":"108","author":"Van de Velde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0580","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.2337\/db16-1106","article-title":"Endothelial HIF-1alpha enables hypothalamic glucose uptake to drive POMC neurons","volume":"66","author":"Varela","year":"2017","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0585","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1677\/JOE-08-0156","article-title":"Hypoxia induces leptin gene expression and secretion in human preadipocytes: differential effects of hypoxia on adipokine expression by preadipocytes","volume":"198","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. Endocrinol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0590","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C922","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00309.2020","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 mediates pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction by intermittent hypoxia","volume":"319","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0595","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-013-8444-4","article-title":"Gestational hypoxia induces sex-differential methylation of Crhr1 linked to anxiety-like behavior","volume":"48","author":"Wang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0600","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.06.064","article-title":"Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript facilitates the neurite outgrowth in cortical neurons after oxygen and glucose deprivation through PTN-dependent pathway","volume":"277","author":"Wang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"issue":"112","key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0605","first-page":"552","article-title":"Influence of rest and exercise at a simulated altitude of 4000 m on appetite, energy intake, and plasma concentrations of acylated ghrelin and peptide YY","volume":"2012","author":"Wasse","year":"1985","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0610","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.3295","article-title":"A liver Hif-2alpha-Irs2 pathway sensitizes hepatic insulin signaling and is modulated by Vegf inhibition","volume":"19","author":"Wei","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0615","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1097\/00042737-200601000-00001","article-title":"Body mass regulation at altitude","volume":"18","author":"Westerterp","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0620","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/135.5.1320","article-title":"Regulation of ghrelin in physiologic and pathophysiologic states","volume":"135","author":"Williams","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3006","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2069","article-title":"Induction of gastrin expression in gastrointestinal cells by hypoxia or cobalt is independent of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)","volume":"153","author":"Xiao","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0630","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.4412","article-title":"Activation of intestinal hypoxia-inducible factor 2alpha during obesity contributes to hepatic steatosis","volume":"23","author":"Xie","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0635","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32403","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/32403","article-title":"The levels of Ghrelin, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 in children with cyanotic and acyanotic congenital heart disease","volume":"2007","author":"Yilmaz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Mediators Inflamm."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0640","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-004-1070-0","article-title":"Decreased serum leptin levels during prolonged high altitude exposure","volume":"92","author":"Zaccaria","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur. J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0645","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3135","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.496908","article-title":"PVHL is a regulator of glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells","volume":"22","author":"Zehetner","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0650","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pbio.1001112","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor directs POMC gene to mediate hypothalamic glucose sensing and energy balance regulation","volume":"9","author":"Zhang","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS Biol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507_bib0655","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C350","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00191.2015","article-title":"Physiologic hypoxia and oxygen homeostasis in the healthy intestine. A Review in the Theme: cellular Responses to Hypoxia","volume":"309","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Physiol. Cell. Physiol."}],"container-title":["Peptides"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978121000152?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0196978121000152?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T09:28:24Z","timestamp":1759310904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0196978121000152"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"references-count":131,"alternative-id":["S0196978121000152"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507","relation":{},"ISSN":["0196-9781"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0196-9781","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"The hypoxia response and nutritional peptides","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Peptides","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.peptides.2021.170507","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"170507"}}